《2026年水木金卷高考模拟试卷精编英语》

D
People's first memories are all autobiographical(自传式的), or memories of significant experiences in their lives, and these events typically didn't happen before the age of 2 or 3. In fact, most people can't remember things from the first few years of their lives—a phenomenon researchers have called infantile amnesia(健忘症).
However, research suggests that infants(婴儿) can form other kinds of memories. Within the first few days of life, infants can recall their own mother's face and distinguish it from the face of a stranger. A few months later, infants can demonstrate that they remember lots of familiar faces by smiling most at the ones they see most often.
But if so, why do people experience infantile amnesia? Though it still isn't clear whether it's because we can't form autobiographical memories, or whether we just have no way to get them back, scientists have a few guesses.
One is that autobiographical memories require you to have some sense of self. Researchers have tested this ability using a mirror recognition task called the rouge test. It involves marking a baby's nose with a red spot.
Researchers then place the infant in front of a mirror. Infants younger than 18 months just smile at the baby in the reflection, not showing any evidence of recognizing themselves or the red mark on their face. Between 18 and 24 months, infants touch their own nose, even looking embarrassed, suggesting that they connect the red dot in the mirror with their own face—they start to form some sense of self.
Another possible explanation is that because infants don't have language until later in the second year of life, they can't form account about their own lives that they can later recall. Finally, the hippocampus, which is the region of the brain that's largely responsible for memory, isn't fully developed in the infancy period.
Scientists will continue to investigate how these factors might contribute to infantile amnesia.
51. What is the function of the first paragraph?
A. To give an example.
B. To bring up the topic.
C. To provide the background.
D. To show the author's attitude.
52. What can infants do in their first few months?
A. Distinguish between familiar and unfamiliar faces.
B. Memorize the majority of their family members.
C. Remember a string of events from the recent past.
D. Identify their own reflections in the mirror.
53. Through the rouge test, scientists discover that babies between 18 to 24 months can .
A. enjoy playing with their reflections
B. ignore the marks on their faces
C. see their reflections as themselves
D. show a strong interest in the mirror
54. What could be a cause of infantile amnesia, according to the passage?
A. Infants' inability to recall memories.
B. Infants' immature hippocampus.
C. Infants' undeveloped communication skills.
D. Infants' unsteady autobiographical memories.
55. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. When Do Babies Start Remembering Things?
B. Why Is It Hard to Retrieve Lost Memories?
C. How Do Kids Form Their First Memories?
D. Why Can't We Remember Being a Baby?

答案： 51 B 推理判断题。题干意为:第一段的作用是什么?根据第一段中“In fact, most people can’t remember things from the first few years of their lives—a phenomenon researchers have called infantile amnesia(健忘症).”可知,第一段介绍了“婴儿健忘症”这一现象;结合下文对导致婴儿健忘症的因素的介绍可推知,本段的目的是引出本文的话题。故选B。
52 A 细节理解题。题干意为:婴儿在最初的几个月里可以做什么?根据第二段中“Within the first few days of life, infants can recall their own mother’s face and distinguish it from the face of a stranger. A few months later, infants… remember lots of familiar faces”可知,在最初的几个月里,婴儿能够区分熟悉和不熟悉的面孔。故选A。
53 C 推理判断题。题干意为:通过胭脂实验,科学家发现18到24个月大的婴儿可以________。根据第五段中“Between 18 and 24 months, infants… connect the red dot in the mirror with their own face”可知,通过胭脂实验,科学家发现18到24个月大的婴儿会将镜子中的红点与自己的脸联系起来。由此可推知,18到24个月大的婴儿可以把镜子中的影像识别为自己。故选C。
54 B 细节理解题。题干意为:根据这篇文章,什么是婴儿健忘症的一个原因?根据倒数第二段中“Finally, the hippocampus… isn’t fully developed in the infancy period.”可知,婴儿健忘症的一个原因是其海马体还没有发育完全。故选B。
55 D 标题归纳题。题干意为:下列哪一项可能是本文的最佳标题?通读全文可知,本文围绕婴儿健忘症这个现象展开,介绍了科学家们对导致婴儿健忘症的因素的猜测,如自我意识的形成、语言的缺乏、海马体未发育完全等。所以,D项“为什么我们不记得(自己)还是婴儿时的事情?”适合作最佳标题。故选D。