《2026年江苏13大市中考名卷优选38套英语》

D
Saturn(土星) is famous for the beautiful rings around it. Now, it's getting attention for being even more amazing. Scientists have discovered 128 new moons around Saturn, bringing the planet's total to 274. A moon is any naturally formed object that moves around a planet. Moons come in different shapes and sizes.
Scientists discovered the moons with a powerful telescope(望远镜), which is used to study stars and planets in great detail. Scientists took many photos of areas in space and piled them on top of each other to make the moons appear bright enough to discover.
Most of Saturn's new moons are small objects, just one or two miles wide—quite different to Earth's Moon, which is a 2,159 - mile - wide ball. These space rocks are in unusual orbits(轨道) too. They go around Saturn in the opposite direction to its own movement. At between 6.5 million and 18 million miles away from the ringed planet, the newly discovered moons are also further away than Saturn's biggest moon, Titan.
Why does Saturn have so many moons while Earth only has one? According to scientists, several billion years ago, the giant planet's gravity attracted some rocks and ice. Over time, some of them crashed against each other, breaking into smaller pieces or coming together to create many small moons.
The new moons were first discovered in 2023 by a team of scientists led by Edward Ashton, and were recently confirmed by the International Astronomical Union(IAU). Saturn now is the planet with the most moons—Jupiter is not far behind with 95. However, Dr Ashton believes this might be the limit for moon discovery. "I don't think Jupiter will ever catch up," he said. "With present technology, I don't think we can do better than what has already been done," he added.
37. What do we know about the new discovery?
A. Newly found moons look the same.
B. Scientists found new moons by accident.
C. Saturn's rings attract many scientists.
D. 128 new moons were found around Saturn.
38. What does "the ringed planet" in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Earth.
B. Saturn.
C. Moon.
D. Titan.
39. What led to the large number of Saturn's moons?
A. The size of the planet.
B. The weight of the moons.
C. The orbit of the planet.
D. The crashes of the moons.
40. What can we learn from Dr Ashton's words in the last paragraph?
A. Jupiter will soon catch up with Saturn.
B. Saturn's new moons might support life.
C. The IAU presented a medal to his team.
D. He is satisfied with their moon discovery.

答案： 37.D 细节理解。根据第一段第三句可知，科学家们在土星周围发现了128颗新的卫星。
38.B 词义猜测。画线短语上文一直在介绍土星周围的卫星，此处the ringed planet自然指代上文提到的土星；第一段开头“Saturn is famous for the beautiful rings around it.”也交代了火星的特征。
39.D 细节理解。倒数第二段解释了土星有很多卫星的原因。根据最后一句话可知，土星的引力吸引了许多岩石和冰块，随着时间的推移，这些物体相互碰撞，破碎成更小的碎片，聚集在一起形成了许多小卫星。
40.D 推理判断。根据最后一段内容可知，Dr Ashton认为，以目前的技术水平，他们的研究已经做到了极致，不太可能再有新的发现，这表明他对团队的发现感到满意。