《2026年江苏13大市中考名卷优选38套英语》

B) 根据短文内容在文章后表格中的空白处填入一个最恰当的词,每空一词。
Food waste is not just a problem at the dinner table, but a big problem all over the world. Serious losses of food happen from farmers' fields to customers' fridges. What's worse, pollution and natural disasters may cause food shortage.
In developing countries, forty percent of food waste happens during harvesting and processing(加工). Because of this, farmers making little money are trapped in a cycle of poverty. They are also short of rapid transportation and refrigeration(冷藏), so a large amount of crops may go bad before they reach the market. Few farmers can afford industrial - sized fridges to keep their products in good condition.
Food waste is also discovered in developed countries. More than forty percent of food waste happens during the process of selling and buying. Shockingly, this amount reaches near the yearly food production in some part of Africa. In many cases, the vegetables and fruit are thrown away because they look "ugly", falling short of industry standards.
Polluting and destroying the environment does harm to producing food. A few countries are reducing natural areas for growing food crops and raising livestock(牲畜). Most surprisingly, in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest, 800 million trees in the past six years have been cut down to make beef cattle farms. Also, fish farms still create a great deal of pollution as well as diseases. At present, it seems that food production doesn't reduce, but it may influence all the living things on the earth in the future.
Natural disasters like droughts and storms can destroy a whole year's crop for an unlucky farmer. Climate change will make such events that were previously thought of as "once in a hundred years" happen more and more often. This means that we'll need more resources to produce the same amount of food.
Food waste is harmful to humans, as well as other life on the earth. It's not only the problem on customers' dinner table, but also an international problem that must be dealt with by the governments.


56. 57. 58.
59. 60. 61.
62. 63. 64.
65.

答案： B)文体:说明文
文章大意:本文主要介绍了食物浪费的原因以及污染和自然灾害对食物生产的影响。
56. seriously 根据题干定位到第一段中,Serious losses of food happen 转换为题干,即 Food is lost seriously。
57. Causes 第二、三段分别分析了发展中国家和发达国家食物浪费的“原因”。
58. poor 根据题干定位到第二段中,are trapped in a cycle of poverty 转换为题干，即 are poor all the time。
59. rapidly 根据题干定位到第二段中,are also short of rapid transportation 转换为题干,即 can’t be transported rapidly。
60. over 根据题干定位到第三段中,More than forty percent 转换为题干,即 over 40%。
61. unless 根据题干定位到第三段中,the vegetables and fruit are thrown away because they look “ugly”转换为题干,即 People throw the vegetables and fruit away unless they look nice,此为连词的转换。
62. influences 第四、五段分析了污染和自然灾害对食物生产的不好的“影响”。
63. reduced 根据题干定位到第四段中,A few countries are reducing natural areas 转换为题干,即 Some natural areas are reduced。是主动语态,这里改成被动语态。
64. century 根据题干定位到第五段中,将原文的 once in a hundred years 同义转换为 once in a century。
65. both 根据题干定位到最后一段中,将原文的 not only ... but also ...转换为 both ... and ...结构。