《2025年高考模拟试题汇编高中英语》

D
We learn about the world through the knowledge accumulated(积累) over thousands of years. Standing on the shoulders of great men, we don't have to experience endless trial and error, just as the wheels do not have to be reinvented each time to run a car. But where does our ability to learn from others come from?
A study led by Markus Paulus, professor at Loyola Marymount University, shows that the ability has its roots in earliest childhood. “It's generally assumed that children's ability to imitate(模仿) is inborn, but according to our observation, children imitate because they themselves are imitated by caregivers. This interaction enables a cultural transfer of knowledge, which, through generations’ efforts, consequently leads to the development of human beings,” says Markus Paulus.
In this research, Paulus recorded the interaction between mother and child over several months. The babies came into the lab for the first time at the age of 6 months, while their final visit was when they were 18 months old. As they engaged in various play situations, the interactions and imitations of mother and child were analyzed. The long - term study showed that the more sensitive a mother was in her interactions with her six - month - old child and the more often she imitated the baby, the greater the child's overall ability was at the age of 18 months.
Paulus’ research shows that mutual imitation is the keystone of knowledge transfer, through which children successfully learn various skills, such as how to use objects, waving and acquisition of language. “This interaction is the nucleus of learning and, finally, gives rise to evolutionary success of human,” says Paulus.
“Cultural learning is an essential part of human evolution, and it is rooted in the imitation of others, particularly our caregivers during our earliest childhood,” says Paulus. “Through this, we learn from each other and pass on knowledge to the next generation, so certain actions or techniques do not have to be constantly invented again.”
12.Why does the author mention the example of wheels?
A. To praise the invention of car wheels.
B. To describe the process of trial and error.
C. To emphasize the necessity of new tools.
D. To show the importance of prior knowledge.
13.What can we learn about Paulus’ research?
A. Children's imitation was recorded by mothers.
B. Sensitive mothers encouraged children's imitation.
C. Children's ability was analyzed through interaction.
D. Effective interaction promoted children's development.
14.What does the underlined word “nucleus” mean in Paragraph 4?
A. Core.
B. Result.
C. Aim.
D. Content.
15.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Why does Evolution Matter?
B. How to Interact with Children?
C. Imitation: The Engine of Evolution
D. Cultural Learning: The Root of Imitation

答案： 12.D 目的意图题
【定位句】We learn about the world through the knowledge accumulated(积累) over thousands of years.(第一段第一句)
译文：我们通过数千年积累的知识来了解世界。
【解析】该题问的是作者为什么提到车轮的例子。根据第一段内容尤其是定位句可推知，作者提到车轮的例子是为了强调先前知识的重要性。故选 D。
13.D 细节理解题
【定位句】The long - term study showed that the more sensitive a mother was in her interactions with her six - month - old child and the more often she imitated the baby, the greater the child's overall ability was at the age of 18 months.(第三段最后一句)
译文：这项长期研究表明，母亲在与 6 个月大的婴儿互动时表现得越细致入微，越频繁地模仿婴儿的行为，孩子在 18 个月大时的综合能力就越高。
【解析】该题问的是我们可以从 Paulus 的研究中了解到什么。根据定位句可知，有效的互动推动了孩子们的发展。故选 D。
14.A 词义猜测题
【解析】A 项意为“核心，要点”；B 项意为“结果”；C 项意为“目标”；D 项意为“内容”。根据第四段第一句“Paulus' research shows that mutual imitation is the keystone of knowledge transfer through which children successfully learn various skills, such as how to use objects, waving and acquisition of language.”可知，Paulus 的研究表明，相互模仿是知识转移的关键，儿童通过这种模仿成功习得各种技能，像如何使用物品、挥手和习得语言。结合画线词所在句可知，画线词所在句表示 Paulus 说：“这种互动是学习的核心，最终促成人类进化的成功。”由此可推知，画线词应意为“核心”，与 A 项意思相近。故选 A。
15.C 标题概括题
【解析】通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究表明：我们向他人学习的能力起源于儿童早期。通过相互模仿和互动，人类文明得以传承。文章强调了模仿对于人类进化的推动作用。因此，C 项符合本文主旨，适合做本文的标题。故选 C。