《2025年高考模拟试题汇编高中英语》

D
A pair of researchers with Leibniz University of Hannover has demonstrated the means by which robots might be programmed to experience something similar to pain in animals. As part of their demonstration at last week's IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation held in Stockholm, Johannes Kuehn and Sami Haddadin showed how pain might be used in robots, by interacting with a BioTac fingertip sensor on the end of a Kuka robotic arm that had been programmed to react differently to differing amounts of pain.
The idea of developing an artificial robot nervous system may seem contrary to all expectations, but Kuehn says doing so is important in the same way that it is good for humans to feel pain. “Pain is a system that protects us,” says Kuehn. “When we avoid the source of pain, it helps us not get hurt.” So when robots can feel and react to pain, they will become smart enough to avoid it. The more dangerous the robot registers the threat to be, the faster it will withdraw and avoid the source of danger. Additionally, Kuehn and Haddadin say humans working alongside robots that feel pain, especially those in heavy machinery, will be protected around them.
They have tested out some of their ideas using a robotic arm with a fingertip sensor that can detect pressure and temperature. It uses a robot - tissue patch(小片) modelled on human skin to decide how much pain should be felt and thus what action to take. For example, if the arm feels light pain, it slowly withdraws until the pain stops, and then returns to its original task; severe pain, meanwhile, causes the arm to go into a kind of lockdown mode until it can get help from a human operator.
Such robots are likely to raise a host of questions, of course, if they become more common—if a robot acts the same way a human does when touching a hot plate, are we to believe it is truly experiencing pain? Only time will tell of course, but one thing that is evident, Kuehn and Haddadin's work could lead to robots that are more human - like than ever.
32.What do we learn about the robots in the demonstration?
A. They can learn skills like animals.
B. They can communicate with people.
C. They have the ability to feel pain.
D. They respond differently to requests.
33.What is Paragraph 2 of the text mainly about?
A. The significance of teaching robots to feel pain.
B. The principle of robots' avoidance of injuries.
C. The analysis of the artificial robot nervous system.
D. The value of protecting human workers from injury.
34.What can we learn from the example given in Paragraph 3?
A. The robot is smart enough to carry out different tasks.
B. The robot can hardly work as well as a human operator.
C. The robot can react differently based on degrees of pain.
D. The robot is tolerant of changes of pressure and temperature.
35.What is the author's attitude toward Kuehn and Haddadin's study?
A. Dismissive.
B. Doubtful.
C. Unclear.
D. Optimistic.

答案： D
32.C 细节理解题
【定位句】A pair of researchers with Leibniz University of Hannover has demonstrated the means by which robots might be programmed to experience something similar to pain in animals.（第一段第一句）
译文：汉诺威大学的两名研究人员已经展示了一种方法，通过这种方法可以为机器人编程，使其体验到类似于动物疼痛的感觉。
【解析】该题问的是我们对演示中的机器人了解到什么。根据定位句可知，演示中的机器人有感知疼痛的能力。故选C。
33.A 段落大意题
【定位句】The idea of developing an artificial robot nervous system may seem contrary to all expectations, but Kuehn says doing so is important in the same way that it is good for humans to feel pain.（第二段第一句）
译文：开发人工机器人神经系统的想法或许与人们的期望背道而驰，但Kuehn表示，这样做的重要性就如同人类能感受到疼痛是有益的一样。
【解析】通读第二段尤其是定位句可知，第二段主要介绍了训练机器人感知疼痛的重要性。故选A。
34.C 推理判断题
【定位句】It uses a robot - tissue patch(小片) modelled on human skin to decide how much pain should be felt and thus what action to take.（第三段第二句）
译文：它使用一个仿照人类皮肤的机器人组织贴片来判断感受到什么程度的疼痛，从而决定采取什么行动。
【解析】该题问的是我们从第三段所举的例子可以了解到什么。根据定位句可推知，机器人可以基于疼痛程度做出不同的反应。故选C。
35.D 观点态度题
【定位句】... but one thing that is evident, Kuehn and Haddadin's work could lead to robots that are more human - like than ever.（第四段最后一句）
译文：……但有一件事是显而易见的，Kuehn和Haddadin的工作可能会导致机器人比以往任何时候都更像人类。
【解析】A项意为“不屑一顾的”；B项意为“怀疑的”；C项意为“不清楚的”；D项意为“乐观的”。根据定位句可推知，作者对Kuehn和Haddadin的研究持乐观态度。故选D。