《2025年高考模拟试题汇编高中英语》

C
People have come to understand the enormous impacts—beneficial as well as harmful—plastics have on human lives and the environment. As polymer(聚合物) scientists committed to inventing sustainable solutions for real - world problems, we set out to tackle the issue of plastic waste by rethinking the way polymers are designed so we could make plastics with recyclability built right in.
Everyday items including milk jug, grocery bags, and takeout containers are made from a class of polymers called polyolefins. These plastics are really durable(耐用的) because the chemical bonds in those polymers are extremely stable. In a world set up for disposable(一次性的) items, durability is no longer a design feature but rather a design drawback. Imagine if half the plastics used today were recyclable through twice as many processes as they are now. Also conventional recycling requires careful sorting of all the collected materials, which can be challenging with so many different plastics. For example, separating paper from metal doesn't require complex technology, but sorting a container from a milk jug of a different polyolefin is difficult to do without the occasional mistake.
In a study published in Science in October 2023, we described a series of polymers with only two building blocks—one soft polymer and one hard polymer—that behave like polyolefins but could be chemically recycled. Connecting two different polymers multiple times until they form a single, long molecule (分子) creates what's called a multiblock polymer. By changing how much of each polymer type goes into the multiblock polymer, our team produced a wide range of materials with properties that covered all polyolefin types.
Using the same strategy but by adding hydrogen, we could disconnect the polymers back into their building blocks and easily separate them to use again. When we made new polymers out of these recycled plastics, they performed just as well as the original materials even after several rounds of chemical recycling. So we were able to create materials with similar properties of the plastics the world relies on. We believe this work is a step toward more sustainable plastics.
8.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about concerning plastics?
A. Their multiple uses.
B. Their chemical properties.
C. Their recycling challenges.
D. Their classification criteria.
9.A key factor of producing diverse multiblock polymers is ________ .
A. mixing building blocks with long molecules
B. integrating chemicals into the two polymers
C. combining two different multiblock polymers
D. adjusting the percentage of the two polymers
10.Which is a feature of multiblock polymers?
A. They are made from sustainable materials.
B. They can be recycled by adding hydrogen.
C. Their reliability outperforms traditional plastics.
D. Their properties change with rounds of recycling.
11.Which of the following might be the best title?
A. Designing for Recycling
B. Classifying Plastic Waste
C. Replace Plastics with Polymers
D. Technology Creates the Future

答案： 8.C 推理判断题
[定位句]Also conventional recycling requires careful sorting of all the collected materials, which can be challenging with so many different plastics.（第二段倒数第二句）
译文：此外，传统的回收方法需要对收集到的所有材料进行仔细的分类，而这对于种类繁多的塑料是具有挑战性的。
[解析]根据第二段内容尤其是定位句可知，传统的塑料回收具有挑战性。由此可推知，该段主要讲述了塑料回收的挑战。故选C。
9.D 细节理解题
[定位句]By changing how much of each polymer type goes into the multiblock polymer, our team produced a wide range of materials with properties that covered all polyolefin types.（第三段最后一句）
译文：通过改变多嵌段聚合物中每种聚合物的含量，我们的团队生产出了各种各样的材料，其性能涵盖了所有类型的聚烯烃。
[解析]该题问的是生产多样化多嵌段聚合物的一个关键因素是什么。根据定位句可知，改变多嵌段聚合物中每种聚合物的含量就能生产出各种材料。由此可知，生产多样化多嵌段聚合物的一个关键因素是调整两种聚合物的百分比。故选D。
10.B 细节理解题
[定位句]Using the same strategy but by adding hydrogen, we could disconnect the polymers back into their building blocks and easily separate them to use again.（第四段第一句）
译文：使用相同的策略，但通过添加氢，我们可以将聚合物分解回它们的组成部分，并轻松地将它们分离出来再次使用。
[解析]该题问的是多嵌段聚合物的特点是什么。根据定位句可知，给多嵌段聚合物添加氢以后会使其轻松分离，实现回收使用。故选B。
11.A 标题概括题
[解析]通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了科学家通过重新思考聚合物的设计方式来制造具有可回收性的塑料。由此可推知，A项“为回收而设计”能概括全文大意，适合做本文的标题。故选A。