《2025年高考模拟试题汇编高中英语》

C
If you live in a region where winter weather is a regular risk, you are likely used to pouring salt on your sidewalks. But how does it work? And how much salt do humans pour onto our planet’s surface? The second question is easier to answer: a lot.
Salt doesn’t directly melt ice, nor does it make snow simply disappear. Instead it makes water less likely to freeze in a phenomenon called freezing point depression. In the case of simple rock salt, which is a rawer, less pure version of table salt, each molecule(分子) splits into smaller elements. Normally, when water freezes into ice, its molecules line up to form a stable, orderly structure. Salt interrupts the process, however, and temperatures must drop lower to overcome that interruption and for freezing to occur.
But if salt needs to interact with liquid water, how does it do anything when temperatures are stubbornly below freezing, and water should already be in the form of ice? That’s where cars help clear their own way by creating friction and, in turn, heat. The friction allows for the ice that has already frozen to melt a little bit, making it unlikely to freeze.
Beyond rock salt’s ability to clear icy streets, it can also be destructive. Chloride ions(氯离子) can cause wear and tear on vehicles and facilities. Increasing chloride densities in North American lakes could begin to upset local ecology and degrade sources of drinking water.
Many local governments are looking for alternatives to rock salt. Other salts such as magnesium chloride and calcium chloride work in the same way as rock salt, and they’re perhaps even more efficient. Some experiments are testing other ice - preventing solutions, including those that contain sugars instead of or in addition to salts. Another approach relies more heavily on sand, which can mechanically make roads safer. All of this experimentation is aimed at ensuring people can travel in any weather condition—a Herculean task when winter brings its worst.
28.What’s the purpose of the first sentence in Paragraph 2?
A. To introduce the topic.
B. To give some evidence.
C. To define the phenomenon.
D. To reveal the misconception.
29.How does salt work to disturb the process of freezing?
A. By lowering the temperature.
B. By melting and splitting itself.
C. By lining up to form a solid structure.
D. By stopping the formation of the structure.
30.What does the underlined word “densities” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Concentrations. B. Weights.
C. Qualities. D. Salts.
31.What’s the last paragraph mainly talking about?
A. Other salts won’t disturb local ecology.
B. Efforts are being made to guarantee safe travels.
C. Many alternatives are available to solve the problem.
D. Bitter winter make it impossible to secure road safety.

答案： 28.D 推理判断题
【定位句】Salt doesn't directly melt ice, nor does it make snow simply disappear. Instead it makes water less likely to freeze in a phenomenon called freezing point depression.（第二段第一、二句）
译文：盐不会直接使冰融化，也不会让雪消失，而会使水在一种称为“冰点降低”的现象中更不容易结冰。
【解析】该题问的是第二段第一句的目的是什么。根据定位句可知，后一句是对前一句的进一步说明。由此可推知，第一句是为了揭示盐直接使冰融化和让雪消失这种错误认识。故选D。
29.D 细节理解题
【定位句】Normally, when water freezes into ice, its molecules line up to form a stable, orderly structure. Salt interrupts the process, however, and temperatures must drop lower to overcome that interruption and for freezing to occur.（第二段最后两句）
译文：通常情况下，当水凝结成冰时，其分子会排列形成一个稳定有序的结构。然而，盐会打断这一过程，温度必须降得更低才能克服这种干扰，从而发生冻结。
【解析】该题问的是盐是如何干扰结冰过程的。根据定位句可知，盐通过阻止稳定有序的结构的形成来干扰结冰过程。故选D。
30.A 词义猜测题
【定位句】Chloride ions (氯离子) can cause wear and tear on vehicles and facilities.（第四段第二句）
译文：氯离子会造成车辆和设施的磨损。
【解析】A项意为“浓度,含量”；B项意为“重量,分量”；C项意为“质量,品质”；D项意为“盐”。根据定位句可知，氯离子具有破坏性。由此可推知，画线词所在句应表示“北美湖泊中氯离子浓度的增加可能会扰乱当地的生态，并使饮用水源恶化”。画线词应意为“浓度”，与A项意思相近。故选A。
31.B 段落大意题
【定位句】All of this experimentation is aimed at ensuring people can travel in any weather condition...（第五段最后一句）
译文：所有这些试验都是为了确保人们在任何天气状况下都能出行……
【解析】该题问的是最后一段主要讲了什么。通读最后一段尤其是定位句可知，许多地方政府在不断尝试其他方案以确保人们能够安全出行。B项“为确保安全出行做出的努力”可以概括本段大意。故选B。