《2025年高考模拟试题汇编高中英语》

B
On December 16, 2023, the first section of Maya Train officially opened, which runs between Campeche and Cancún, carrying up to 231 passengers across 290 miles and stopping at 14 train stations.
Built as an ambitious effort to promote tourism and boost Mexico's economy, the rail system connects the major cities and tourist regions of the Yucatán Peninsula—from Cancún's beaches to Tulum's archaeological (考古的) wonders. Once the project is completed, the entire rail system will link tourist destinations across five states. However, environmentalists and archaeologists argue that the train route will cause great damage to the environment and ancient Mayan sites.
The Maya Train passes through six UNESCO World Heritage sites, and thousands of archaeological sites. One particular area of concern is the Calakmul biosphere reserve, which is home to many endangered species, such as jaguars and over 500 other animal species. The train lines, more than 60 meters wide, could act as artificial barriers that may limit the movement of these animals within the reserve, making it difficult for them to move around and access food and water sources.
Opponents also express safety concerns. Certain sections of the rail system will be built right on top of the aquifer's(地下水层的) most fragile points of contact with the surface. “It's like wanting to build over eggshells,” says Guillermo Christy, a water treatment consultant. “Putting trains weighing thousands of tons on top could cause the underground caves to crash down. ” To construct the train infrastructure (基础设施) also requires driving long piles deep into the ground, which poses a big threat to this fragile ecosystem and leads to water shortages.
In the ongoing debate of Maya Train, it is crucial to consider the delicate balance between economic development and environmental preservation. While Maya Train may provide economic benefits, we must not overlook the potential environmental and cultural losses, as well as the safety risks it may bring. Achieving harmony between progress and conservation may be a significant challenge for the project, but we must take into account the long-term consequences of our actions.
24.What do we know about the Maya Train project?
A. It consumes lots of labor in Mexico.
B. It was completed on December 16, 2023.
C. It has concerned some professionals.
D. It blocks the development of local tourism.
25.What is the effect of the train lines on the animals in the reserve?
A. They disturb their sleeping patterns.
B. They restrict their activities.
C. They pollute their water sources.
D. They engage their enemies to the area.
26.Why does the author mention “eggshells” in Paragraph 4?
A. To show the difficulty of constructing the rail lines.
B. To prove the urgency of protecting the fragile ecosystem.
C. To explain the reasons for water shortages along the railway.
D. To stress the potential harm of Maya Train to the aquifer system.
27.Which statement would the author probably agree with?
A. Preserving cultural sites requires strong financial support.
B. It is time to speed up the construction process of Maya Train.
C. Economic development should not come at the expense of the environment.
D. We should prize the economic benefits of the project in the long run.

答案： B
体裁：说明文 主题语境：人与自然——环境保护——玛雅列车项目对环境造成的破坏说明平衡经济发展和环境保护对社会发展都至关重要
【文章大意】玛雅列车项目旨在促进旅游业和墨西哥经济的发展。本文主要介绍了该列车项目对环境及古玛雅遗址等造成的巨大破坏，说明了平衡经济发展和环境保护的重要性。
【语篇结构】
|结构划分|具体信息|
|----|----|
|第一段|玛雅铁路第一段正式运营|
|第二段—第四段|环保主义者和考古学家对玛雅列车项目的担忧|
|第五段|平衡经济发展和环境保护都至关重要|
24.C 细节理解题
【定位句】However, environmentalists and archaeologists argue that the train route will cause great damage to the environment and ancient Mayan sites. (第二段最后一句)
译文：然而，环保主义者和考古学家认为，这条列车路线将对环境和古玛雅遗址造成巨大破坏。
【解析】根据定位句可知，玛雅列车项目让一些专业人士感到担忧。故选C。
25.B 细节理解题
【定位句】The train lines, more than 60 meters wide, could act as artificial barriers that may limit the movement of these animals within the reserve, making it difficult for them to move around and access food and water sources. (第三段最后一句)
译文：这些60多米宽的火车线路可能会作为人工屏障，将这些动物在保护区内的活动，使它们难以四处走动以及获取食物和水源。
【解析】根据定位句可知，玛雅列车项目的火车线路会限制动物保护区内动物们的活动。故选B。
26.D 推理判断题
【定位句】“Putting trains weighing thousands of tons on top could cause the underground caves to crash down.”(第四段第四句)
译文：“把数千吨重的火车放在上面可能会导致地下洞穴坍塌。”
【解析】通读第四段内容尤其是定位句可知，水质处理顾问Guillermo Christy表示：“这就像想在蛋壳上盖房子。”由此可推知，作者在第四段提及“蛋壳”是为了强调玛雅列车项目对地下水层系统的潜在危害。故选D。
27.C 推理判断题
【定位句】While Maya Train may provide economic benefits, we must not overlook the potential environmental and cultural losses, as well as the safety risks it may bring. Achieving harmony between progress and conservation may be a significant challenge for the project, but we must take into account the long - term consequences of our actions. (第五段最后两句)
译文：虽然玛雅列车(项目)可能提供经济效益，但我们不能忽视潜在的环境和文化损失，及其可能带来的安全风险。实现进展和保护之间的和谐可能是该项目面临的重大挑战，但我们必须考虑到我们的行动(所带来)的长期后果。
【解析】根据定位句可推知，作者可能同意“经济发展不应以牺牲环境为代价”的观点。故选C。
亮点句积累：In the ongoing debate of Maya Train, it is crucial to consider the delicate balance between economic development and environmental preservation. (第五段第一句)
译文：在正在进行的关于玛雅列车项目的辩论中，考虑经济发展和环境保护之间的微妙平衡是至关重要的。
重点词汇与短语：boost v. 使增长 barrier n. 障碍物 fragile adj. 脆弱的 conservation n. 保护 cause damage to... 对……造成损害 be home to是……的栖息地 take into account考虑到