《2025年5年中考3年模拟英语湖南专版》

Passage 9(2023 永州,D 人与自然)
On June 3, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service(USFWS) announced that it would protect the tricolored bat. The animal would be listed under the
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Endangered Species Act. This follows a similar announcement, made in March, to protect the endangered northern long-eared bats. The two kinds of bats are in danger, mainly because of an illness called white-nose syndrome(综合征).
“Bats play such an important role in keeping a healthy ecosystem,” USFWS director Martha Williams said. “But white-nose syndrome is destroying bats,” she added.
White-nose syndrome is caused by a fungus(真菌). It is known to influence only bats, showing up on the animal’s nose and wings. The fungus grows in places that are cold, dark, and wet, like caves. As it hurts a bat’s skin, the animal’s behavior starts to change. The bat becomes more active than normal, wasting the energy it needs to live.
Worldwide, there are more than 1,400 kinds of bats. Most bats are insectivores, which means they eat insects. In a single night, bats can eat insects of “up to half their weight”. This is good news for farmers, since bats eat insects that harm crops. According to the USFWS, the animals help U.S. farmers save more than $3 billion a year in insect control.Nowadays there is no treatment for white-nose syndrome. But scientists are developing ways to help bats. A 2018 study found that a special light can kill the fungus. Researchers are also testing a fungus-fighting thing that can be placed around areas where bats live. And they’re working on a vaccine(疫苗). Local villagers also provide suggestions. One example: set bat boxes. The USFWS says it will announce a decision about how to list the tricolored bat by late 2023. A decision about the northern long-eared bat is expected next month.1. Why are the tricolored bat and the northern long-eared bat in danger?A. Because of a special illness.B. Because of their food.C. Because of their living conditions.2. How does the fungus kill a bat at last?A. By changing a bat’s behavior.B. By hurting a bat’s skin.C. By wasting the energy a bat needs to live.3. Why are bats helpful to farmers in the USA?A. Because bats eat insects that harm crops.B. Because there are more than 1,400 kinds of bats.C. Because bats cost them more than $3 billion each year.
4. What are the researchers doing to fight against the white-nose syndrome?
A. They are testing a special light.
B. They are working on a vaccine.
C. They are setting bat boxes.
5. What is the article mainly about?
A. White-nose syndrome.
B. Kinds of bats.
C. Bats in danger.

答案： 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了北方长耳蝙蝠和三色蝙蝠被列入濒危物种名单的原因，以及蝙蝠在生态系统方面发挥的重要作用。主题语境属于“人与自然”范畴中“自然生态”这一主题群。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“The two kinds of bats are in danger, mainly because of an illness called white - nose syndrome.”可知，这两种蝙蝠处于危险之中，主要是因为一种叫做白鼻综合征的疾病。故选A。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，真菌伤害蝙蝠的皮肤时，它变得比正常时更活跃，浪费了它生存所需的能量，最终导致死亡。故选C。
3.A 细节理解题。根据第四段第三、四句可知，在一个晚上，蝙蝠可以吃掉“达它们自己体重的一半”的昆虫，这对农民来说是个好消息，因为蝙蝠吃的昆虫会伤害庄稼。故选A。
4.B 细节理解题。根据第五段第四、五句“Researchers are also testing... And they’re working on a vaccine.”可知，研究人员正在研制疫苗来对抗白鼻综合征。故选B。
5.C 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了北方长耳蝙蝠和三色蝙蝠被列入濒危物种名单的原因，以及蝙蝠在生态系统方面发挥的重要作用。故选C。
长难句 Researchers are also testing a fungus - fighting thing that can be placed around areas where bats live.研究人员还在测试一种可以放置在蝙蝠生活区域周围的抗真菌物。
本句为主从复合句，定语从句“that can be placed around areas where bats live”修饰先行词thing。
重点单词 announce v.宣布 protect v.保护 bat n.蝙蝠；球拍 place n.地方 v.放置 provide v.提供 decision n.决定