《2025年5年中考3年模拟英语湖南专版》

Passage 1(2024 湖南,B 人与自然)
Would you be able to sleep with one eye open? Bottlenose dolphins(宽吻海豚) can. When they sleep, only half of their brain goes to sleep. They sleep with one eye open to stay safe. Half of their brain sleeps for about two hours before the other half of their brain gets a chance to sleep. Sometimes, the dolphins will keep swimming while they are sleeping.

Dolphins are not fish—they are mammals(哺乳动物). These mammals have lungs(肺). And they don’t have gills(鳃) like fish. They are also warm-blooded and have to go to the surface of the water to get air into their lungs. Dolphins don’t lay eggs. Their young are born alive, and they drink milk from their mothers.

Dolphins are one of the smartest animals in the world. There are many stories about how they save people out of water. They are able to solve many problems like humans. They can even use tools to catch fish. But their cleverness doesn’t end there. Dolphins can also pass on anything they learn to other dolphins, like interesting fishing skills. They communicate with each other in many ways. They use different sounds to talk to each other. Dolphins know the “voices” of other dolphins and even know exactly who is making which sound. Another thing that shows their cleverness is that they can also know themselves in a mirror(镜子) and check different parts of their body in it.

1. Why do bottlenose dolphins sleep with one eye open?
A. To stay safe.
B. To sleep for two hours.
C. To swim faster.

2. What can we learn about dolphins from paragraph 2?
A. They use gills to get air.
B. They are warm-blooded.
C. They lay eggs like fish.

3. How do dolphins talk to each other?
A. By learning fishing skills.
B. By using different sounds.
C. By checking their bodies.

4. Which part of a magazine may the passage be taken from?
A. Art.
B. Health.
C. Nature.

答案： 语篇解读 这是一篇说明文，介绍了宽吻海豚的特征和生活习性。主题语境属于“人与自然”范畴中“自然生态”这一主题群，涉及子主题“动物的特征与生活环境”。
1.A 细节理解题。由第一段中“They sleep with one eye open to stay safe.”可知选A。
2.B 细节理解题。由第二段中“And they don’t have gills like fish.”可知A项不正确；由“They are also warm - blooded and have to go to the surface of the water to get air into their lungs.”可知B项正确；根据“Dolphins don’t lay eggs.”可知C项不正确。故选B。
3.B 细节理解题。由第三段中“They use different sounds to talk to each other.”可知选B。
4.C 文章出处题。本文介绍了宽吻海豚的特征和生活习性，可知文章来源于杂志的自然版块。故选C。

Passage 2(2024 湖南,C 人与自我)
Headphones are helpful. Many kids use them. But headphones can be harmful, too. They can cause hearing loss if the volume(音量) is too loud. Studies show that
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 one out of every ten kids in the United States has some hearing loss. The cause is loud noise.
Do you know how we hear? There are cells(细胞) inside the ears that help us hear. We can't see ____ them with our eyes. “We call them hair cells,” Jackie Clark said. “They look like hairs standing up.” Clark is a scientist at the University of Texas at Dallas. She studies noises and ears. Sound cannot be seen, but it can make the hair cells move back and forward. Think of the wind in the leaves.
Loud noises can damage(损伤) these cells. And once the cells are damaged, they don’t grow back. Sometimes, there’s tinnitus. “It’s like someone is playing a note on the flute(长笛) for a long time,” Clark says. It shows we’re losing hearing. Tinnitus is not only harmful to our ears; also it can make us feel uneasy. That’s why it’s necessary to protect our ears.
How can we protect our ears? We’d better keep the volume low when we use our headphones. We should be able to hear sounds around us. And other people shouldn’t hear noise from our headphones. “If I can hear what you’re listening to when you’re wearing your headphones,” Clark says, “it’s too loud.” To protect our ears, keep our headphones at about half volume.
1.What can we know about hair cells?
A.They help us hear.
B.They look like hairs lying down.
C.They can be seen clearly with our eyes.
2.What does the underlined word “tinnitus” mean in paragraph 3?
A.A musical voice.
B.A kind of instrument.
C.Ringing in ears.
3.What’s the main purpose of the last paragraph?
A.To give advice.
B.To show problems.
C.To explain reasons.
4.What’s the main idea of the passage?
A.Before listening to music, choose a good headphone.
B.When using a headphone, keep the volume low.
C.After using a headphone, check your ears.

答案： 语篇解读 这是一篇说明文,主要介绍耳机对人的听力有可能造成损伤,建议我们降低耳机音量,以保护耳朵。主题语境属于“人与自我”范畴中“生活与学习”这一主题群,涉及子主题“健康、文明的行为习惯与生活方式”。
1.A 细节理解题。由第二段中“There are cells inside the ears that help us hear. We can’t see them with our eyes. ‘We call them hair cells,’ Jackie Clark said.”可知A为正确选项。
2.C 词义猜测题。由第三段中“‘It’s like someone is playing a note on the flute for a long time,’ Clark says.”以及“It shows we’re losing hearing.”可知“tinnitus”意为“耳鸣”。故选C。
3.A 目的意图题。由第四段中的“How can we protect our ears? We’d better...We should be able to...”可知,最后一段是提建议。故选A。
4.B 主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了耳机音量过大对人的听力有可能造成的损伤,建议我们降低耳机音量,保护耳朵。故选B。