《2025年天利38套五年高考真题汇编详解英语》

B
When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria(细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer - causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco - machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge(污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco - machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse - like facility that treated sewage(污水) from 1 600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco - machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self - repair.”
24.What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs?
A. He was fond of traveling.
B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind.
D. He longed to be a doctor.
25.Why did John put the sludge into the tanks?
A. To feed the animals.
B. To build an ecosystem.
C. To protect the plants.
D. To test the eco - machine.
26.What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?
A. To review John’s research plans.
B. To show an application of John’s idea.
C. To compare John’s different jobs.
D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.
27.What is the basis for John’s work?
A. Nature can repair itself.
B. Organisms need water to survive.
C. Life on Earth is diverse.
D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.

答案： 24.C 推理判断题 [解析]根据第一段第一句“When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems.”可知，John Todd小时候喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的；根据第一段最后一句“When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.”可知，John长大后开始琢磨这个过程是否可以被用于清理人们制造的混乱；根据第二段第一句“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions.”可知，在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，John回到了观察大自然和提问题(的道路)上。由此可推知，John善于观察、思考和提出问题，他有好奇心。故选C。
25.D 推理判断题 [解析]根据题干中的关键词“sludge”和“tanks”可将信息定位到第三、四段。根据第三段最后一句“After a few weeks, John added the sludge.”可知，几个星期后，John(在水箱里)加入了污泥。根据第四段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.”可知，他对结果感到很惊讶。生态机器里的植物和动物把污泥当成了食物，并开始食用污泥！几周内这些污泥就被完全消化掉了，只剩下了纯净水。由此可推知，John把污泥放进水箱是为了测试生态机器。故选D。
[易错分析]本题易错选B项。根据第三段第四、五句“He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem.”，考生误以为John把污泥放进水箱是为了建立一个它们自己的生态系统，而忽略了第四段提到的观察结果，从而误选B项。考生应注意理清上下文的逻辑关系，而不是简单地将细节定位在关键词出现的段落。
26.B 推理判断题 [解析]根据第五段“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage(污水) from 1 600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.”可知，多年来，John承担了很多重要的工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，为南伯灵顿的1 600个家庭处理污水。他还设计了一个生态机器来净化中国东南部的一个城市——福州的运河水。由此可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示John的想法的应用。故选B。
27.A 推理判断题 [解析]通读全文尤其是最后一段最后两句“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”可知，你把生物放进新的(环境)关系中，观察发生了什么。然后你让这些新系统开发自己的方法来进行自我修复。由此可推知，John的工作依据是大自然可以自我修复。故选A。