《2025年天利38套五年高考真题汇编详解英语》

C
Can a small group of drones(无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
Drones are already being used to examine high - tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on - time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient(高效) across the board.
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews’ efforts.
By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher - value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail don’t need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co - pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast - moving trains would be able to react in time.
28. What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible?
A. The use of drones in checking on power lines.
B. Drones’ ability to work at high altitudes.
C. The reduction of cost in designing drones.
D. Drones’ reliable performance in remote areas.
29. What does “maintenance” underlined in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Personnel safety.
B. Assistance from drones.
C. Inspection and repair.
D. Construction of infrastructure.
30. What function is expected of the rail drones?
A. To provide early warning.
B. To make trains run automatically.
C. To earn profits for the crews.
D. To accelerate transportation.
31. Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A. What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones
B. How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded
C. What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face
D. How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways

答案： 28.A 细节理解题 [定位句]Drones are already being used to examine high - tension electrical lines. (第二段第一句)
译文：无人机已被用于检查高压电线。
[解析]根据第二段内容尤其是定位句可知，无人机在检查电线方面的应用使得无人机在铁路上的应用成为可能。故选A。
29.C 词义猜测题 [解析]根据第三段第二句中的“to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure”可推知，画线词所在句表示那包括大幅节省检修成本和更好地保护铁路人员的安全。因此，画线词maintenance应意为“检查和维修”，与C项意思相近。故选C。
30.A 推理判断题 [定位句]①By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher - value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. (最后一段第一句)
译文：通过使用最新技术，无人机还可以开始为铁路提供更高价值的服务，在铁路或道岔造成安全问题之前就能检测到故障。
②With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast - moving trains would be able to react in time. (最后一段最后一句)
译文：凭借它们的前瞻能力，它们可以发出任何问题的信号，以便快速行驶的火车能够及时做出反应。
[解析]根据定位句可推知，轨道无人机有望提供预先警报。故选A。
31.D 标题概括题 [定位句]That is the very likely future of applying today's “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on 24/7 basis. (第一段第二句)
译文：这就是应用当今“天空之眼”技术来确保全球数百万千米的铁路轨道和基础设施在全天候运行的列车安全的极有可能的未来。
[解析]通读全文内容尤其是定位句可知，本文介绍了无人机的应用将会改变铁路的未来。D项概括了本文的主旨，适合做本文的标题。故选D。
[词汇积累]reliability n. 可靠性 precisely adv. 准确地 assist v. 帮助