《2025年天利38套五年高考真题汇编详解英语》

C
Is it true that our brain alone is responsible for human cognition(认知)? What about our body? Is it possible for thoughts and behavior to originate from somewhere other than our brain? Psychologists who study Embodied Cognition (EC) ask similar questions. The EC theory suggests our body is also responsible for thinking or problem - solving. More precisely, the mind shapes the body and the body shapes the mind in equal measure.

If you think about it for a moment, it makes total sense. When you smell something good or hear amusing sounds, certain emotions are awakened. Think about how newborns use their senses to understand the world around them. They don't have emotions so much as needs—they don't feel sad, they're just hungry and need food. Even unborn babies can feel their mothers' heartbeats and this has a calming effect. In the real world, they cry when they're cold and then get hugged. That way, they start to associate being warm with being loved.

Understandably, theorists have been arguing for years and still disagree on whether the brain is the nerve centre that operates the rest of the body. Older Western philosophers and mainstream language researchers believe this is fact, while EC theorises that the brain and body are working together as an organic supercomputer, processing everything and forming your reactions.

Further studies have backed up the mind - body interaction. In one experiment, test subjects(实验对象) were asked to judge people after being handed a hot or a cold drink. They all made warm evaluations when their fingertips perceived warmth rather than coolness. And it works the other way too: in another study, subjects' fingertip temperatures were measured after being included in or “rejected” from a group task. Those who were included felt physically warmer.

For further proof, we can look at the metaphors(比喻说法) that we use without even thinking. A kind and sympathetic person is frequently referred to as one with a soft heart and someone who is very strong and calm in difficult situations is often described as solid as a rock. And this kind of metaphorical use is common across languages.

Now that you have the knowledge of mind - body interaction, why not use it? If you're having a bad day, a warm cup of tea will give you a flash of pleasure. If you know you're physically cold, warm up before making any interpersonal decisions.

46. According to the author, the significance of the EC theory lies in ________.
A. facilitating our understanding of the origin of psychology
B. revealing the major role of the mind in human cognition
C. offering a clearer picture of the shape of human brain
D. bringing us closer to the truth in human cognition

47. Where does the newborns' understanding of their surroundings start from?
A. Their personal looks.
B. Their mental needs.
C. Their inner emotions.
D. Their physical feelings.

48. The experiments mentioned in Paragraph 4 further prove ________.
A. environment impacts how we judge others
B. how body temperature is related to health
C. the mind and the body influence each other
D. how humans interact with their surroundings

49. What does the author intend to prove by citing the metaphors in Paragraph 5?
A. Human speech is alive with metaphors.
B. Human senses have effects on thinking.
C. Human language is shaped by visual images.
D. Human emotions are often compared to natural materials.

50. What is the author's purpose in writing the last paragraph?
A. To share with the reader ways to release their emotions.
B. To guide the reader onto the path to career success.
C. To encourage the reader to put EC into practice.
D. To deepen the reader's understanding of EC.

答案： 46.D 推理判断题 [定位句]The EC theory suggests our body is also responsible for thinking or problem - solving. More precisely, the mind shapes the body and the body shapes the mind in equal measure.（第一段最后两句）
译文：具身认知理论表明：我们的身体也负责思考或解决问题。更准确地说，思维塑造身体，而身体在同等程度上塑造思维。
[解析]根据第一段第一至三句及定位句可推知，具身认知理论的意义在于让我们更接近人类认知的真理。故选D。
47.D 细节理解题 [定位句]They don't have emotions so much as needs—they don't feel sad, they're just hungry and need food. Even unborn babies can feel their mothers' heartbeats and this has a calming effect. In the real world, they cry when they're cold and then get hugged. That way, they start to associate being warm with being loved.（第二段第四至七句）
译文：他们的情感没有需求多——他们不会感到悲伤，他们只是饥饿，需要食物。即使是未出生的婴儿也能感受到母亲的心跳，这具有镇静作用。在现实世界中，他们寒冷时就会哭泣，然后被拥抱。这样一来，他们就开始将温暖与被爱联系起来。
[解析]根据定位句可知，新生儿对周围环境的理解始于身体感觉。故选D。
48.C 推理判断题 [定位句]Further studies have backed up the mind - body interaction. In one experiment, test subjects(实验对象) were asked to judge people after being handed a hot or a cold drink. They all made warm evaluations when their fingertips perceived warmth rather than coolness. And it works the other way too: in another study, subjects' fingertip temperatures were measured after being included in or “rejected” from a group task. Those who were included felt physically warmer.（第四段）
译文：进一步的研究证实了这种身心互动。在一项实验中，实验对象被要求在他人递给自己一杯热饮或一杯冷饮后评判对方。当他们的指尖感觉到温暖而不是寒冷时，他们都做出了友好的评价。反之亦然：在另一项研究中，测量受试者被“纳入”或“拒绝”参加小组任务后的指尖温度。那些被纳入在（小组任务）内的人感到身体更暖和了。
[解析]根据定位句可推知，实验进一步证明了身心之间相互影响。故选C。
49.B 推理判断题 [定位句]For further proof, we can look at the metaphors(比喻说法) that we use without even thinking. A kind and sympathetic person is frequently referred to as one with a soft heart and someone who is very strong and calm in difficult situations is often described as solid as a rock. And this kind of metaphorical use is common across languages.（第五段）
译文：为了进一步证明，我们可以看看那些我们不假思索就使用的比喻说法。一个善良且富有同情心的人经常被认为有一颗柔软的心，而一个在困难的情况下非常坚强和冷静的人则经常被描述为坚如磐石。这种比喻的用法在各类语言中都很常见。
[解析]根据定位句可推知，作者通过陈述比喻手法进一步证明人类的感觉影响思维。故选B。
50.C 目的意图题 [定位句]Now that you have the knowledge of mind - body interaction, why not use it? If you're having a bad day, a warm cup of tea will give you a flash of pleasure. If you know you're physically cold, warm up before making any interpersonal decisions.（第六段）
译文：既然你已经了解了身心互动，为何不利用它呢？如果你正度过糟糕的一天，一杯热茶会给你带来一瞬间的快乐。如果你觉得自己身体冰冷，在做任何人际关系决定之前先热身。
[解析]根据定位句可推知，作者写最后一段是为了鼓励读者把具身认知理论付诸实践。故选C。