《2025年天利38套五年高考真题汇编详解英语》

C
　　The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there's a new bonus to add to the ever - growing list. New research found that middle - aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia(失智症) in later life—and if they did, it came on a decade later than less sporty women.
　　Lead researcher Dr Helena Hörder, of the University of Gothenburg in Sweden, said, “These findings are exciting because it's possible that improving people's cardiovascular(心血管的) fitness in middle age could delay or even prevent them from developing dementia. ”
　　For the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were tired out to measure their peak(最大值的) cardiovascular capacity. The average peak workload was measured at 103 watts.
　　A total of 40 women met the criteria for a high fitness level with a capacity of 120 watts or higher, while 92 women were in the medium fitness category. A total of 59 were of low fitness level, with a peak workload of 80 watts or less, or having their tests stopped because of health problems.
　　These women were then tested for dementia six times over the following four decades. During that time, 44 of the women developed dementia. Five percent of the highly fit women developed dementia, compared to 25 percent of the women with medium fitness and 32 percent of the women with low fitness.
　　“However, this study does not show cause and effect between cardiovascular fitness and dementia, it only shows an association,” said Hörder. “More research is needed to see if improved fitness could have a positive effect on the risk of dementia and also to look at when during a lifetime a high fitness level is most important. ” She also admitted that a relatively small number of women were studied, all of whom were from Sweden, so the results might not be applicable to other groups.
27.What is on the ever - growing list mentioned in the first paragraph?
A. Positive effects of doing exercise.
B. Exercises suitable for the middle - aged.
C. Experimental studies on dementia.
D. Advantages of sporty women over men.
28.Why did the researchers ask the women to do bicycle exercise?
A. To predict their maximum heart rate.
B. To assess their cardiovascular capacity.
C. To change their habit of working out.
D. To detect their potential health problems.
29.What do we know about Dr Hörder's study?
A. It aimed to find a cure for dementia.
B. Data collection was a lengthy process.
C. Some participants withdrew from it.
D. The results were far from satisfactory.
30.Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. More Women Are Exercising to Prevent Dementia
B. Middle - Aged Women Need to Do More Exercise
C. Fit Women Are Less Likely to Develop Dementia
D. Biking Improves Women's Cardiovascular Fitness

答案： 27.A 细节理解题 [定位句]The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there's a new bonus to add to the ever - growing list. (第一段第一句)
译文:定期锻炼的好处已经有了完备的记载,但这个不断增加的清单上又增加了一个新的好处。
[解析]根据定位句可知,第一段不断增加的清单上提及了锻炼的积极作用。故选A。
28.B 细节理解题 [定位句]For the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were tired out to measure their peak(最大值的) cardiovascular capacity. (第三段第一句)
译文:在这项研究中,191名平均年龄为50岁的女性进行了自行车运动测试,直到她们筋疲力尽为止,以测量她们心血管承受力的最大值。
[解析]根据定位句可知,研究人员要求女性进行自行车运动是为了评估她们的心血管功能。故选B。
29.B 推理判断题 [定位句]These women were then tested for dementia six times over the following four decades. (第五段第一句)
译文:然后,这些女性在接下来的四十年里接受了六次失智症的测试。
[解析]根据定位句可推知,此次研究的数据收集是一个漫长的过程。故选B。
30.C 标题概括题 [定位句]New research found that middle - aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia(失智症) in later life—and if they did, it came on a decade later than less sporty women. (第一段第二句)
译文:新的研究发现,身体健康的中年女性在晚年患失智症的可能性要降低近90%,而且即使她们患上失智症,也会比不太做运动的女性晚十年。
[解析]通读全文尤其是定位句可知,本文主要介绍了身体健康的中年女性在晚年患上失智症的几率会大大降低。因此,C项“健康女性不太可能患失智症”是本文的最佳标题。故选C。