2025年考点集训与满分备考九年级数学全一册下人教版


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《2025年考点集训与满分备考九年级数学全一册下人教版》

1. $\cos45^{\circ}$的值是( )
A. $\frac{1}{2}$
B. $\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$
C. $\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$
D. 1
答案: B [解析] $\cos45^{\circ}=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$.
2. 李红同学遇到了这样一道题:$\sqrt{3}\tan(\alpha + 20^{\circ}) = 1$,你猜想锐角$\alpha$的度数应是( )
A. $40^{\circ}$
B. $30^{\circ}$
C. $20^{\circ}$
D. $10^{\circ}$
答案: D [解析] $\because\sqrt{3}\tan(\alpha + 20^{\circ}) = 1$,$\therefore\tan(\alpha + 20^{\circ})=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}$,$\because\alpha$为锐角,$\therefore\alpha + 20^{\circ}=30^{\circ}$,$\alpha = 10^{\circ}$.
3. 在$Rt\triangle ABC$中,$\angle C = 90^{\circ}$,$BC = 3$,$AB = 6$,则$\angle A$的度数为( )
A. $30^{\circ}$
B. $40^{\circ}$
C. $45^{\circ}$
D. $60^{\circ}$
答案:
A [解析] 如图, $\because\angle C = 90^{\circ}$,$BC = 3$,$AB = 6$,$\therefore\sin A=\frac{BC}{AB}=\frac{1}{2}$,$\therefore\angle A = 30^{\circ}$.
4. 若$0^{\circ}<\theta<90^{\circ}$,且$\left|\sin\theta - \frac{1}{2}\right| + \left(\cos\theta - \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)^2 = 0$,则$\tan\theta$的值等于( )
A. $\sqrt{3}$
B. $\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}$
C. $\frac{1}{2}$
D. $\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$
答案: B [解析] $\because\left|\sin\theta-\frac{1}{2}\right|+\left(\cos\theta-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)^2 = 0$,$\therefore\sin\theta-\frac{1}{2}=0$,$\cos\theta-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}=0$,$\therefore\theta = 30^{\circ}$,$\therefore\tan\theta=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}$.
5. 比较大小:$\cos30^{\circ}$_______$\frac{1}{2}$.
答案: > [解析] $\because\cos30^{\circ}=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$,$\therefore\cos30^{\circ}>\frac{1}{2}$.
6. $\sqrt{3}\tan60^{\circ}$的值等于_______.
答案: 3 [解析] $\sqrt{3}\tan60^{\circ}=\sqrt{3}\times\sqrt{3}=3$.
7. 在$\triangle ABC$中,$\angle C$,$\angle B$为锐角,且满足$\left|\sin C - \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\right| + (\sqrt{3} - \tan B)^2 = 0$,则$\angle A$的度数为_______.
答案: $75^{\circ}$ [解析] $\because\left|\sin C-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\right|+(\sqrt{3}-\tan B)^2 = 0$,$\therefore\sin C=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$,$\tan B=\sqrt{3}$,$\therefore\angle C = 45^{\circ}$,$\angle B = 60^{\circ}$,$\therefore\angle A$的度数为$180^{\circ}-45^{\circ}-60^{\circ}=75^{\circ}$.
8. 计算:$\sin60^{\circ}\cdot\tan30^{\circ} + \frac{\cos60^{\circ}}{\tan45^{\circ}}$.
答案: [解析] 原式$=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\times\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}+\frac{1}{2}\div1=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}=1$.
9. 计算:$2\cos45^{\circ} - \frac{2}{3}\tan30^{\circ}\cos30^{\circ} + \sin^{2}60^{\circ}$.
答案: [解析] 原式$=2\times\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}-\frac{2}{3}\times\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\times\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}+\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)^2=\sqrt{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{3}{4}=\sqrt{2}+\frac{5}{12}$.
10. [河南南阳邓州期末]$\sin45^{\circ}$的相反数是( )
A. -1
B. $-\sqrt{2}$
C. $-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$
D. $-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$
答案: C [解析] $\because\sin45^{\circ}=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$,$\therefore\sin45^{\circ}$的相反数是$-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$.
11. [河北邢台信都区期中]若数轴上$\tan30^{\circ}$的值用一个点表示,这个点的位置可能落在段( )
(第11题图)
A. ①
B. ②
C. ③
D. ④
答案: A [解析] $\because\tan30^{\circ}=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}$,$1<3<4$,$\therefore1<\sqrt{3}<2$,$\therefore\frac{1}{3}<\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}<\frac{2}{3}$,$\therefore0.3<\frac{1}{3}<\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}<\frac{2}{3}<0.67<0.7$,$\therefore$点的位置可能落在①段.
12. [河南洛阳伊川期末]若$(\sqrt{3}\tan A - 3)^2 + |2\cos B - \sqrt{3}| = 0$,则$\triangle ABC$的形状是( )
A. 直角三角形
B. 等边三角形
C. 含有$60^{\circ}$角的任意三角形
D. 等腰直角三角形
答案: A [解析] $\because(\sqrt{3}\tan A - 3)^2+\left|2\cos B-\sqrt{3}\right| = 0$,$\therefore\sqrt{3}\tan A = 3$,$2\cos B=\sqrt{3}$, 即$\tan A=\sqrt{3}$,$\cos B=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$,$\therefore\angle A = 60^{\circ}$,$\angle B = 30^{\circ}$,$\therefore\angle C = 90^{\circ}$,$\therefore\triangle ABC$的形状是直角三角形.
13. [河北邯郸永年区期中]下列计算错误的有( )
①$\sin60^{\circ} - \sin30^{\circ} = \sin30^{\circ}$;②$\sin^{2}45^{\circ} + \cos^{2}45^{\circ} = 1$;
③$(\tan60^{\circ})^2 = \frac{1}{3}$;④$\tan30^{\circ} = \frac{\cos30^{\circ}}{\sin30^{\circ}}$.
A. 1个
B. 2个
C. 3个
D. 4个
答案: C [解析] ①$\sin60^{\circ}-\sin30^{\circ}=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}-\frac{1}{2}$,$\sin30^{\circ}=\frac{1}{2}$, 错误;②$\sin^{2}45^{\circ}+\cos^{2}45^{\circ}=\left(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\right)^2=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}=1$, 正确;③$(\tan60^{\circ})^2=(\sqrt{3})^2 = 3$, 错误;④$\tan30^{\circ}=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}$,$\frac{\cos30^{\circ}}{\sin30^{\circ}}=\frac{\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}}{\frac{1}{2}}=\sqrt{3}$, 错误.
14. [河南驻马店沁阳模拟]若规定$\sin(\alpha - \beta) = \sin\alpha\cos\beta - \cos\alpha\sin\beta$,则$\sin15^{\circ} =$( )
A. $\frac{\sqrt{2} - 1}{2}$
B. $\frac{\sqrt{2} - \sqrt{6}}{4}$
C. $\frac{\sqrt{3} - 1}{2}$
D. $\frac{\sqrt{6} - \sqrt{2}}{4}$
答案: D [解析] 由题意, 得$\sin15^{\circ}=\sin(45^{\circ}-30^{\circ})=\sin45^{\circ}\cos30^{\circ}-\cos45^{\circ}\sin30^{\circ}=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\times\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\times\frac{1}{2}=\frac{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}{4}$.

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