《2025年学霸题中题八年级英语下册译林版》

Ⅰ. 私学兴起 私学，产生于春秋时期，是中国古代私人办理的学校，与官学相对而言。孔子兴办私学，是中国教育史上一件极为重要的事情。它打破了此前“学在官府”的体制和“贵游子弟学焉”的传统，使更多平民子弟能有机会接受文化教育。
跨学科 历史 Who is the greatest teacher in Chinese history? Many people would say：
 Confucius. He was born over 2,000 years ago，but people still remember him nowadays.
Confucius lived in the kingdom of Lu，part of today’s Shandong Province. He lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. His childhood was sad. His father died when he was only 3 and he had to work to help his mother. But young Confucius didn’t give up studying. He visited many famous teachers and learned music，history，poetry and sports.
Later，he became a teacher and developed the private school. At that time only children from rich families could go to school set up by the government，but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn. He had about 3,000 students in his lifetime.
Today，people still follow Confucius’ lessons. He told us that everyone has something worthy to learn and to teach. “When I am with three people，one of them must be better than me in some areas. I choose their good qualities and follow them. I take their bad qualities and change them in myself.” He also taught us，“All study but no thinking makes people puzzled(困惑的). All thinking but no study makes people lazy.”
Confucius is not only a great teacher，but also a famous thinker with wise thoughts about the world and society. His most important teachings are about kindness and good manners(礼仪). “A kind person should care for others. Be strict with yourself，but be kind to others，” he said.
1. Confucius developed the private school so that ________.
A. he could find himself a job as a teacher
B. children could learn at school rather than at home
C. he could be the first teacher in Chinese history
D. children from poor families could go to school as well
2. Confucius not only gave lessons but also ________.
A. encouraged people to be strict
B. offered students puzzles
C. advised people to behave well
D. taught students how to make friends
3. According to the passage，what can we learn about or from Confucius?
A. Confucius is the greatest poet in Chinese history.
B. Confucius was born in a rich family.
C. We should always care for ourselves.
D. Thinking is very important in study.
4. Which is the best title for this story?
A. Confucius’ teaching methods
B. A great man with hard childhood
C. A person who changed Chinese history
D. Confucius—A great teacher and thinker

答案： I.1~4　DCDD
[文章大意]本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了孔子的生平、生活、教育成就以及思想方面的伟大成就。
1. D 细节理解题。根据“Later, he became a teacher and developed the private school... but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn.”可知，他创立学校是为了让穷人的孩子也能上学。故选D。
2. C 细节理解题。根据“His most important teachings are about kindness and good manners.”可知，孔子不仅讲学，而且对人们的行为提出了建议。故选C。
3. D 推理判断题。根据“He also taught us, ‘All study but no thinking makes people puzzled. All thinking but no study makes people lazy.’”可知，思考在学习中很重要。故选D。
4. D 标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了孔子的生平、生活、教育成就以及思想方面的伟大成就。故文章的标题可以是D项“Confucius—A great teacher and thinker(孔子——一位伟大的教师和思想家)”。故选D。