《2026年通城学典全国中考试题分类精粹英语》

People are talking a lot about artificial intelligence (AI), viewing it as a force that could reshape how society works. But there is something important missing from this discussion. It isn’t enough to ask how it will change us. We also need to understand how we shape AI and what it can tell us about ourselves.
Every AI model we develop mirrors our rules and expresses our beliefs. A few years ago, while looking for new workers, a famous company gave up an AI-powered tool after finding it unfavorable to women. The AI was not designed to behave this way. Instead, it was influenced by the historical data (数据) favoring men. Similarly, a recent study found that lending algorithms (算法) often offer less favorable terms to colored people, worsening long-standing unfairness in money-lending business. In both cases, AI isn’t creating new biases (偏见); it is mirroring the ones that are already present.
These reflections (反映) give us an important chance to take a close look at ourselves. By making these problems seen and more pressing, AI challenges us to recognize and address what causes algorithmic bias. As AI continues to develop, we must ask ourselves how we as average people want to shape its role in society. We should not only improve AI models, but also make sure that AI is developed and used responsibly.
A number of companies are already taking action. They are judging the data, rules, and beliefs that shape the behavior of AI models. Still, we cannot expect the companies to do all the work. As long as AI is trained on human data, it will reflect human behavior. That means we have to think carefully about the footprints of ourselves we leave in the world. I may value privacy, but if I give it up in a heartbeat to visit a website, the algorithms may make a very different judgment of what I really want and what is good for me. If I want meaningful human connections yet spend more time on social media and less time in the physical company of my friends, I am indirectly training AI models about the true nature of humanity.
As AI becomes more powerful, we need to take increasing care to read our principles (原则) into the record of our actions rather than allowing the two to diverge. Recognizing this allows us to make better decisions, but only when we are prepared to look closely and take responsibility for what we see.
1. Why does the writer introduce the two examples in Paragraph 2?
(D)
2. What does the underlined word “diverge” in the last paragraph most probably mean?
(C)
3. According to the passage, what is a good example of shaping AI responsibility?
(B)
4. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?
(A)

答案： 1. D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“In both cases, AI isn’t creating new biases; it is mirroring the ones that are already present.”可知，作者认为人工智能并没有创造新的偏见，而是反映了已经存在的偏见。第二段中提到的招聘时由人工智能驱动的工具对女性更不利，贷款算法对有色人种更为不利，这两个例子印证了作者的观点。
2. C 解析：词义猜测题。根据 we need to take increasing care to read our principles into the record of our actions rather than allowing the two to diverge 可知，在人工智能发展的过程中，我们需要将我们的原则融入到我们的行动记录中，而不是让两者背道而驰。diverge 意为“分歧，背离”，与 separate 意思相近。
3. B 解析：推理判断题。根据“As long as AI is trained on human data, it will reflect human behavior. That means we have to think carefully about the footprints of ourselves we leave in the world.”可知，只要人工智能是基于人类数据训练的，它就会反映人类行为。这意味着我们必须认真思考我们在世界上留下的足迹。作者认为人类应谨慎对待自身行为对人工智能的影响，即“注意我们对人工智能模型的输入”。
4. A 解析：标题概括题。通读全文可知，文章核心观点是人工智能并非问题的根源，而是人类社会偏见的反映，因此人类需要为人工智能的发展负责。选项 A 最贴合主旨。
［长难句解读］
I may value privacy, but if I give it up in a heartbeat to visit a website, the algorithms may make a very different judgment of what I really want and what is good for me.
翻译：我可能重视隐私，但如果我毫不犹豫地为了访问一个网站而放弃它，算法可能会对我真正想要的东西以及什么对我有益做出完全不同的判断。
句式结构分析：这是一个由 but 连接的并列句。前半句是简单句；后半句包含一个由 if 引导的条件状语从句，其中 it 指代前文的 privacy，in a heartbeat 和 to visit a website 分别作状语；后半句的主句是“the algorithms may make a very different judgment of ...”，the algorithms 为主语，may make 为谓语，a very different judgment 为宾语，of 后接两个由 what 引导的并列宾语从句。