《2025年高考冲刺优秀模拟试卷汇编45套英语通用版》

第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The best science books inspire a sense of wonder and make you amazed at the incredible world we live in. Here are four of them to feed your imagination.
A Short History of Nearly Everything by Bill Bryson
How did it all begin? And how did we get here? Combining history and science, the book offers comprehensive yet entertaining answers to these questions. Bill Bryson takes the readers on an impressive journey through the greatest scientific discoveries in history. It explains scientific topics in a vivid way, but it's quite a long read.
Thing Explainer by Randall Munroe
How do helicopters work? Or cells? Randall Munroe explains how things work using illustrations and only the most common 1,000 words in English. It will shift your approach to explanation. So, next time explain how something works rather than merely call it by its name. However, additionally providing more technical terms might have enhanced the understanding and learning experience.
Ask an Astronaut by Tim Peake
What does it feel like to fly into space? How do you prepare for it? Astronaut Tim Peake answers all the questions you never knew about going into space. The book gives insights into the cutting - edge science, as well as the day - to - day life on board of the International Space Station. Its question and answer format makes it easy to quickly find answers, but it can become less appealing due to the lack of descriptive language.
Deep Time by Riley Black
Want to know the story of our planet? Riley Black takes us on a journey, in the order of time, through the geological(地质的)events that have shaped our planet. The fascinating high - quality images are supported by easily digestible explanations of key historical moments. It also expands on key concepts in geology, astronomy and biology. Yet, measuring the size of some objects on the photos is difficult due to the lack of a scale bar(比例尺).
21. Which book is organized in the format of question and answer?
A. A Short History of Nearly Everything.
B. Thing Explainer.
C. Ask an Astronaut.
D. Deep Time.
22. What's a shortcoming of Thing Explainer?
A. It is rather too long.
B. It is written in plain language.
C. It lacks technical terms.
D. It fails to include clear images.
23. What do A Short History of Nearly Everything and Deep Time have in common?
A. They combine science and history.
B. They feature vivid illustrations.
C. They introduce astronauts' daily life.
D. They entertain readers of all ages.

答案： 21. C 理解具体信息 根据题干中的关键词“in the format of question and answer”可知，答案应定位在Ask an Astronaut by Tim Peake部分，根据该部分中的“Its question and answer format makes it easy to quickly find answers”（它的问答格式使快速找到答案变得容易）可知选C。 22. C 理解具体信息 读题 题目问Thing Explainer的缺点是什么。A项“它太长了”；B项“它是用通俗易懂的语言写成的”；C项“它缺乏技术术语”；D项“它无法包含清晰的图像”。 解题 根据Thing Explainer by Randall Munroe部分中的最后一句“However, additionally providing more technical terms... learning experience”可知，但是，此外提供更多技术术语原本可能会增强理解和学习体验，也就是说这本书缺乏技术术语，故选C。 23. A 推断 读题 题目问A Short History of Nearly Everything和Deep Time这两本书有哪些共同之处。A项“它们把科学和历史结合起来”；B项“它们以生动的插图为特色”；C项“它们都介绍了宇航员的日常生活”；D项“它们使所有年龄段的读者快乐”。 解题 结合A Short History of Nearly Everything by Bill Bryson部分中的“Combining history and science”, Deep Time by Riley Black部分中的“The fascinating high - quality images... astronomy and biology”（极有吸引力的高质量图像得到了对关键历史时刻的易于理解的解释的支持。它还详述了地质学、天文学和生物学的关键概念）可知，这两本书都把科学和历史结合了起来，故选A。 

B
I didn't go to Santiago, Chile to look for friendship. In fact, Chile was not even on my wish list.
A mid - life crisis woman, I got a chance to study abroad. I only wanted to learn about global business, taste South American cuisine, and check “study abroad” off my wish list.
On the fifth day, I joined a group for a neighborhood work project aided by the anti - poverty(扶贫)organization. Our tasks were to build a water tower and paint the community center. Upon arrival, I couldn't believe my eyes. It was like a scene out of a horrible film. That moment redefined poverty for me because I had never seen such terrible living conditions. As advised, I showed no signs of the emotional battle going on inside me.
Just as I was about to start work on painting, a request came through for a few volunteers to help Nadia, a local resident who volunteered to cook for us. I raised my hand to help because I wanted to spend time with the people of the neighborhood despite my shortage of Spanish - speaking skills.
Nadia had a sincere smile but not overly friendly. Even without speaking each other's language, we started to learn about one another. We chatted about our children, our upbringing, shared pictures of our families, struggled to instruct each other to communicate in the other's language, and laughed many times.
After we fed everybody and the dishes were washed, my day was over. But I found myself hesitant to leave. It was as if I had known her for my entire life. I had not predicted the unselfishness of heart I would encounter, and it was moving.
As we were waiting for the car to pick us up, Nadia showed me her plants that were well - maintained. I could see that despite the hard conditions she was passionate about life. She made me long to be a stronger person. She showed me that poverty was external, but happiness was internal. I was seeking to give 100 percent for a well - intentioned cause, but I left receiving 200 percent from her.
24. What was the author's initial purpose of going to Chile?
A. To find new friends while traveling.
B. To participate in an anti - poverty project.
C. To fulfill the desire to study abroad.
D. To gain a graduate certificate in business.
25. What did the author do after seeing the living conditions in the neighborhood?
A. She decided to relieve the poverty.
B. She kept her emotions well hidden.
C. She comforted the shocked volunteers.
D. She refused to continue the present task.
26. Why did the author volunteer to work with Nadia?
A. She felt very sympathetic toward Nadia.
B. She longed to interact with the local residents.
C. She wanted to improve her Spanish - speaking skills.
D. She preferred cooking to painting the community center.
27. What did the author learn from Nadia?
A. True friends are never apart in heart.
B. Happiness is defined by a positive attitude.
C. Language is not a barrier to great connections.
D. Unselfishness is putting others before ourselves.

答案： 24. C 理解具体信息 读题 题目问作者去智利的最初目的是什么。A项“为了在旅行时结识新朋友”；B项“为的是参加一个扶贫项目”；C项“为实现出国留学的愿望”；D项“为获得商业研究生证书”。 解题 根据第二段第一句“A mid - life crisis woman, I got a chance to study abroad”和该段最后一句中的“check ‘study abroad' off my wish list”可知，作者去智利的最初目的是实现出国留学的愿望，故选C。 25. B 理解具体信息 读题 题目问作者看到街区的生活条件后做了什么。A项“她决定减轻贫困”；B项“她把自己的情绪藏得很好”；C项“她安慰了震惊的志愿者”；D项“她拒绝继续目前的任务”。 解题 根据第三段内容尤其是最后一句“As advised, I showed no signs of the emotional battle going on inside me”可知，到达社区后，作者简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。这就像一部可怕的电影中的场景。那一刻为作者重新定义了贫困，因为作者从未见过如此可怕的生活条件。正如建议的那样，作者没有表现出内心发生情感斗争的迹象。也就是说作者把自己的情绪很好地掩藏了起来，故选B。 26. B 理解具体信息 根据第四段最后一句话“I raised my hand to help... Spanish - speaking skills”可知，作者举手帮忙，因为尽管作者不讲西班牙语，但作者想和街区的人共度时光。也就是说作者主动提出来和Nadia一起工作的原因是她想和当地居民互动，故选B。 27. B 推断 读题 题目问作者从Nadia那里学到了什么。A项“真正的朋友在心里永远不分开”；B项“幸福是由积极的态度来定义的”；C项“语言不是建立良好联系的障碍”；D项“无私就是把别人放在自己之前”。 解题 根据最后一段的“She showed me that poverty was external... 200 percent from her”可知，她向作者展示了贫穷是外在的，但幸福是内在的。作者试图为一个善意的事业付出100%，但从她那里得到了200%的回报。由此推断出，作者从Nadia那里得知幸福是内在的，是由积极的态度带来的，故选B。

C
There're plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables available in local markets. But while those red juicy strawberries look fresh, consumers have no way of knowing how long the fruit can be stored at home. The same goes for distribution centers and supermarkets.
Now, the food technology startup OneThird, located in the Netherlands, is looking to change that with an infrared(使用红外线的)scanner that can accurately predict how long fresh fruits and vegetables will last. The startup is named OneThird because one - third of food is wasted due to spoilage (变质)every year.
The startup's founders were inspired by a UK company that uses this type of technology in the medical field and decided to see if it was applicable for food. “I looked at the challenges in the food - supply chain and found out that 40 percent of food waste is fresh produce. One of the biggest causes of waste is that nobody knows shelf life,” founder and CEO of OneThird, Marco Snickers said.
Quality inspections at farms and distribution centers are done manually(手动地). An inspector checks the fruits and vegetables and makes notes about the size and quality. Then the food is sent to consumers without considering travel time or how long the produce will remain usable.
Using the infrared scanner at the distribution center means that inspectors can use the information to approve shipments that will ensure the produce can be distributed on a timely basis. This means that a shipment of ripe tomatoes will not be sent long distances away.
OneThird's scanner combines the technology of optical scanners, image modeling, and artificial intelligence to provide accurate shelf - life predictions.
The startup found that the technology can reduce up to 25 percent produce waste that was caused by spoilage. “Global food waste has an enormous environmental impact; reducing global food waste cuts global greenhouse gas emissions and promotes global food security,” said Jacob Smith, a climate expert from the University of Maine.
28. What problem does OneThird aim to solve?
A. The high cost of storing fresh fruits and vegetables.
B. Inefficient quality inspections at distribution centers.
C. Food waste caused by uncertainty about its shelf life.
D. Consumers' difficulty judging the freshness of produce.
29. What inspired OneThird to come up with the idea of using the infrared scanner?
A. The use of the device in another field.
B. Observation of the food - supply chain.
C. Consumer demands for fresher produce.
D. Experts' advice on food waste reduction.
30. What can we learn about the manual quality inspections?
A. They are time - consuming and costly.
B. They are not performed at a regular time.
C. The inspectors tend to make wrong judgement.
D. The shipping time is not taken into consideration.
31. What's Jacob's attitude to OneThird's effort?
A. Approving.
B. Doubtful.
C. Tolerant.
D. Dismissive.

答案：  @@28. C 推断 读题 题目问OneThird旨在解决什么问题。A项“储存新鲜水果和蔬菜的成本高”；B项“配送中心质量检查效率低下”；C项“由于保质期的不确定性而造成的食物浪费”；D项“消费者难以判断农产品的新鲜度”。 解题 根据第二段可知，该公司正在寻求用一个可精确预测新鲜水果和蔬菜可保存多久的红外线扫描仪来解决人们不知道保质期的问题；这家初创公司之所以被命名为OneThird，是因为每年有三分之一的食物因变质而被浪费。同时第三段中OneThird的创始人兼首席执行官Marco Snikkers说：“我研究了食品供应链中的挑战，发现40%的食物浪费是新鲜农产品。浪费的最大原因之一是没有人知道保质期。”故可推测，OneThird的创立是为了解决因不清楚食物保质期而造成食物变质从而造成食物浪费的问题，故选C。 29. A 理解具体信息 根据第三段第一句“The startup's founders... if it was applicable for food”可知，这家初创公司的创始人受到一家在医疗领域使用这种技术的英国公司的启发，并决定看看它是否适用于食品。故选A。 30. D 理解具体信息 根据第四段内容尤其是“Then the food is sent to consumers... will remain usable”可知，人工质量检验时，检查员检查水果和蔬菜，并记录大小和质量。然后将食物发送给消费者，而不考虑运输的时间或农产品的使用期。故D项正确。 31. A 理解观点、态度 根据最后一段中Jacob的话“reducing global food waste cuts global greenhouse gas emissions and promotes global food security”可知，Jacob认为，减少全球食物浪费可减少全球温室气体排放物并促进全球食物安全，所以可推知Jacob对于OneThird的努力持支持态度，故选A。

D
When it comes to lowering blood pressure, studies have typically shown that aerobic(有氧的)exercises are best. Recent research suggests another type of physical activity is worth including as an effective tool to prevent and treat high blood pressure.
Exercises that engage muscles without movement, such as wall squats and planks, may be best for lowering blood pressure, according to a large study published in July 2023 in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.
This type of training is known as isometric exercises, according to the Mayo Clinic. Isometric muscle action happens when muscles contract but do not visibly change length, and the joints involved don't move, facilitating stability of the body. Isometric exercises can be done with weights or without, just relying on the body's own weight.
“These findings provide a comprehensive data - driven framework to support the development of new exercise guideline recommendations for the prevention and treatment of high blood pressure,” said study coauthor Dr. Jamie O'Driscoll in a news release.
The researchers looked into randomized controlled trials that had reported the effects of exercise interventions, lasting two or more weeks, on blood pressure between 1990 and February 2023. From a review of 270 trials with 15,827 participants, the researchers found that among HIIT (high intensity interval training ), isometric exercises, aerobic exercises, dynamic resistance training and a combination of the latter two, isometric exercises led to the greatest reductions in blood pressure.
It's also important to note that there are other lifestyle changes as well as exercise that can benefit your blood pressure. These include keeping to a healthy weight, eating a balanced diet, cutting down on salt, not drinking too much alcohol and ensuring that you continue to take any prescribed medication.
More research is needed to determine exactly why isometric exercises might be better for lowering blood pressure than other types of training, the authors said.
32. What does the underlined part “isometric exercises” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Exercises that are done with extra weights.
B. Exercises that involve visible muscle contraction.
C. Exercises that focus on stability of the body.
D. Exercises that engage muscles without movement.
33. How did the researchers carry out the study?
A. By providing statistics.
B. By interviewing experts.
C. By doing experiments.
D. By making comparisons.
34. What do the authors suggest the future studies about isometric exercises focus on?
A. Exploring the reasons for its effectiveness.
B. Demonstrating its influence on mental health.
C. Assessing its suitability for different populations.
D. Determining its long - term impact on blood pressure.
35. What is the text mainly about?
A. The benefits of aerobic exercises.
B. The best exercise for blood pressure.
C. The effects of various types of exercises.
D. The importance of keeping a healthy lifestyle.

答案：  @@32. D 理解词汇 根据画线部分后的“muscles contract but do not visibly change length, and the joints involved don't move, facilitating stability of the body”可知，静力锻炼指的是肌肉收缩但长度没有明显变化，并且所涉及的关节不移动，从而促进身体的稳定性，也就是说静力锻炼指的是身体不动但锻炼肌肉的锻炼。故选D项。 33. D 推断 根据第五段内容可知，研究人员调查了随机对照试验，这些试验报告了1990年至2023年2月期间持续两周或更长时间的运动干预对血压的影响。通过对15 827名参与者的270项试验的回顾，研究人员发现，在HIIT（高强度间歇训练）、静力锻炼、有氧运动、动态阻力训练和后两者的结合中，静力锻炼使血压降低幅度最大。也就是说研究人员是通过比较的方法进行这项研究的，故选D。 易错点拨：本题容易错选A项，部分学生只是看到了第五段中的1990，2023，15 827和270这样的数字就认为是通过统计数据进行研究的，其实给出的数字1990和2023是指哪年，不是统计数据；另外15 827是参与者的人数，270是试验的次数，都不是有关试验结果的统计数据，故A项是错误的。 34. A 推断 根据最后一段中的“More research is needed to... other types of training”可知，作者们认为未来需要更多的研究来确定为什么静力锻炼可能比其他类型的训练更能降低血压，即他们建议未来有关静力锻炼的研究应专注于探索它的有效性的原因，故选A。 35. B 理解文章主旨要义 文章第一段告诉我们在降低血压方面，研究通常表明有氧运动是最好的。然后文章主要介绍了降低高血压的有效活动——静力锻炼的相关情况。研究表明，静力锻炼也许是降低血压的最好方式，故本文主要讲述控制血压的最佳活动，答案为B。