《2025年高考冲刺优秀模拟试卷汇编45套英语通用版》

第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Strawberry picking is a popular and enjoyable activity in Pennsylvania. The state's favorable weather and long growing season make it a favorite pastime for both the locals and tourists.
Bricker's Strawberries
It is a family - owned farm in Carlisle, PA, offering pre - picked and pick - your - own berries throughout the year. Prices range from $2/pound for pick - your - own berries to $4.25/quart for pre - picked berries. Opening hours may vary depending on the weather, so it's best to check its website before you head out to the farm.
Oak Grove Farms
Oak Grove Farms in Mechanicsburg, PA, has been a family - owned farm since the 1960s. It offers a variety of fruits, and delicious baked goods, with strawberries being its specialty. Prices start at $15 for a 4 - quart container. The farm store is open from Monday to Saturday from 8:00 a. m. to 6:00 p. m. for visitors to make a purchase.Honey Bear OrchardsLocated in Lebanon, PA, it is a family - owned orchard providing fresh fruits for the community since 1980. With its fun and safe atmosphere, you can pick your quality fruit with your friends. U - pick strawberries cost $2/pound. It also offers pre - picked strawberries for a slightly higher cost. You can pay in cash or by check only in its shop.
Brecknock Orchard
Brecknock Orchard in Mohnton, PA, is a family - friendly farm where you can pick strawberries and enjoy other activities. Wagon(马车) ride orchard tours cost $8 per person and include beautiful toys for kids. The cost of strawberry picking starts at $4/pound, and they accept cash and credit cards.
21. What deserves your special attention if you are going to Bricker's Strawberries?
A. Its opening hours. B. Its location.
C. Its fruit prices. D. Its berry types.
22. What do Oak Grove Farms and Honey Bear Orchards have in common?
A. Providing shopping services.
B. Sharing an equally long history.
C. Being owned by the same family.
D. Having the same business hours.
23. Which is the most suitable for a family with young children?
A. Bricker's Strawberries.
B. Oak Grove Farms.
C. Honey Bear Orchards.
D. Brecknock Orchard.

答案： 21. A 理解具体信息 题目问的是如果你想去Bricker's Strawberries采摘草莓，需要特别关注什么。根据Bricker's Strawberries部分中的“Opening hours may vary depending on the weather, so it's best to check its website before you head out to the farm”可知，那里的开放时间会随着天气而变化，需要特别留意，故选A项。 22. A 理解具体信息 根据Oak Grove Farms部分中的“The farm store is open from Monday to Saturday from 8:00 a. m. to 6:00 p. m. for visitors to make a purchase”和Honey Bear Orchards部分中的“It also offers pre - picked... only in its shop”可知，两者的共性是都提供购物服务，故选A项。 23. D 理解具体信息 根据题目中的关键信息“a family with young children”定位到Brecknock Orchard部分中的“Wagon(马车) ride orchard tours cost $8 per person and include beautiful toys for kids”，故选D项。

B
Winning a remarkable science award is really a big deal, especially if you are 12 years old. But Shanya Gill, a middle schooler from San Jose, California, won the top award in the Thermo Fisher Scientific Junior Innovators Challenge for designing a fire detection system that is superior to existing ones, as stated in the press release.
“The top winners have exhibited boundless curiosity,” Maya Ajmera, president and CEO of Society for Science, said in the press release. “Their remarkable research not only reflects their talent but also paves the way for an exciting new future.”
Shanya's inspiration came after a fire destroyed a restaurant in her neighborhood during the summer of 2022, reported The Washington Post. “I had never really experienced something like that before,” she told The Washington Post about the early morning fire at Holder's Country Inn, which started in the kitchen. “They had smoke detectors, and yet it still burned down,” she added.
After she studied fire statistics, Shanya spent over a year developing a fire detection system that she believes could have prevented the fire. Unlike traditional smoke detectors that sense active fires from the smoke in the air, Shanya's thermal (热量的) imaging device is designed to stop fires from occurring.
With a thermal camera and a Raspberry Pi, a tiny computer, the device detects when a heat source has been left unattended for ten minutes and sends a text message warning. Creating the prototype(原型) was difficult and the hardest part was the programming. “I had two designs, and my first design completely failed. It was a really big challenge I had to go through,” she said. The final device outperforms smoke detectors in speed and accuracy. Shanya wants to bring the costs down to make it even more common than hardwired smoke detectors.
“Shanya saw a problem, went after it and tried to solve it, and that's what we need to encourage all young people,” said Ajmera. She also highlighted the significance of supporting individuals, as research indicates that many young people drop out of the fields of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM).
24. What can we learn about Shanya from the first two paragraphs?
A. She gained a lot of money from the award.
B. She showed a curious nature as a schooler.
C. She set a big stage for young people of her age.
D. She was junior to other winners in performance.
25. What motivated Shanya to develop her fire detection system?
A. Her desire to win the science award.
B. Her experience of a destructive fire.
C. Her interest in computer programming.
D. Her goal to improve STEM education for girls.
26. What is an advantage of Shanya's invention?
A. It consists of two parts that are easier to conduct.
B. It can send out a warning against a potential fire.
C. It can detect active fires from the smoke in the air.
D. It functions when a fire breaks out within 10 minutes.
27. Which of the following can best describe Shanya?
A. Reliable. B. Cooperative.
C. Innovative. D. Generous.

答案： 24. B 推断 根据第一段中的“Shanya Gill, a middle schooler... to existing ones”和第二段中的“The top winners have exhibited boundless curiosity”可知，Shanya Gill是一个充满好奇心的学生，故选B项。A项“这个奖项让她拿到了很多钱”，B项“作为一名学生，她展现了好奇的天性”，C项“她为她的同龄人提供了大舞台”，D项“她的表现不如其他获奖者”。 25. B 理解具体信息 读题 题目问的是什么激励了Shanya去研发她的第一个火警探测系统。A项“她渴望获得这个科学奖”，B项“一次破坏性火灾的经历”，C项“她对电脑编程的兴趣”，D项“她为女孩子改善STEM教育的目标”。 解题 根据第三段中的“Shanya's inspiration came after a fire destroyed a restaurant in her neighborhood during the summer of 2022”可知，Shanya进行该发明的动力来自2022年她的社区的饭店被大火烧毁一事。 26. B 理解具体信息 根据第四段中的“Unlike traditional smoke detectors... Shanya's thermal(热量的) imaging device is designed to stop fires from occurring”和第五段中的“With a thermal camera... sends a text message warning”可知，与传统的烟雾报警器不一样，Shanya的热成像装置是用来阻止火灾形成的，当一个热源无人看管超过十分钟，这个装置就会发现并且发出警告，故选B项。A项“它是由比较容易操作的两部分组成的”，B项“它可以对潜在火灾发出预警”，C项“它能从空气中的烟监测到有火在燃烧”，D项“它能在起火的十分钟内发挥作用”。 27. C 推断 根据全文内容可知，Shanya研发了一种新型火警探测系统，获得了创新大赛最高奖，所以可以推断她是一个具有创新精神的孩子，故选C项。A项“可信赖的”，B项“乐意合作的”，C项“具有创新精神的”，D项“慷慨的”。

C
Scientists have shown how plants can protect themselves against genetic(基因的) damage caused by environmental stresses. The growing tips of plant roots and shoots have an in - built mechanism (机制) that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected, avoiding passing on faulty DNA.
Plants have small populations of stem cells(干细胞) at the tips of their roots and shoots, which enable them to continuously grow and produce new tissues throughout their lifetime. These stem cells serve as ancestors for plant tissues and organs. However, any genetic faults present in the stem cells will continue to exist and be passed on permanently throughout the plant's life, which could last thousands of years.
Given the critical role of stem cells and their exposure to potentially dangerous environments at the growing tips of roots and shoots, safeguards are necessary to prevent stem cell faults from becoming fixed. Researchers Nick Fulcher and Robert Sablowski, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, aimed to uncover these protective mechanisms. Through experiments involving X - rays and chemicals, they discovered that stem cells were more sensitive to DNA damage compared to other cells.
When DNA damage occurs, the cells have the capacity to detect it and cause programmed cells to die, preventing the propagation of the damaged genetic code to the rest of the plant tissues. This process has similarities to the safeguard mechanism found in animal cells, which has been broadly studied due to its relevance in preventing cancer.
The identification of a similar protective system in plants is of great interest in the field of plant development. It also helps scientists develop plants that can better handle environmental stresses. So knowledge of how plants deal with these stresses is of fundamental significance to agricultural science's response to climate change.
28. What is the function of the in - built mechanism in plants?
A. To produce more roots and shoots.
B. To increase the overall lifetime of the plant.
C. To enhance plant growth and nutrient intake.
D. To stop genetic faults in stem cells from being passed on.
29. What can we know about stem cells in plants according to the text?
A. They are relatively abundant in quantity.
B. They are resistant to environmental stresses.
C. They make quick response to DNA damage.
D. They have the ability to repair damaged DNA.
30. What does the underlined word “propagation” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Spread. B. Change.
C. Existence. D. Self - repair.
31. What does the last paragraph focus on?
A. The way of dealing with climate change on the earth.
B. The significance of identifying the protective system in plants.
C. The method of ensuring plant survival under environmental stresses.
D. The urgency of developing plants that can handle environmental stresses.

答案： 28. D 理解具体信息 根据第一段中的“The growing tips... in - built mechanism (机制) that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected, avoiding passing on faulty DNA”可知，正在生长的植物根茎和嫩芽的顶端有一个内置机制，如果DNA破坏被察觉，这种机制会导致细胞死亡，这样就避免了有缺陷的基因传递下去。故选D项。A项“为了生长出更多的根茎和嫩芽”，B项“为了延长植物的整体寿命”，C项“为了加强植物的生长和营养的吸收”，D项“为了阻止干细胞里有缺陷的基因传递下去”。 29. C 推断 根据第三段中的“Through experiments involving... stem cells were more sensitive to DNA damage compared to other cells”可知，和其他的细胞相比，干细胞对DNA破坏更敏感。故选C项。A项“它们在数量上相对比较多”，B项“它们对环境压力有抵抗能力”，C项“它们对DNA破坏有快速的反应能力”，D项“它们有修复被破坏的DNA的能力”。 30. A 理解词汇 根据画线词前面的“When DNA damage occurs, the cells have the capacity to detect it and cause programmed cells to die”可推测，此处是说，阻止了被破坏的遗传密码传播到植物组织的其他部分，故选A项。A项“传播”，B项“改变”，C项“存在”，D项“自我修复”。 31. B 理解段落主旨要义 根据最后一段内容可知，确认植物类似的保护系统引起了植物发展界很大的兴趣，这种确认也帮助科学家研发更能应对环境压力的植物，而关于植物如何应对这些压力的相关知识对农业科学来说又至关重要。故本段主要说明了“确认植物的保护系统的重要性”，故选B项。A项“处理地球上气候变化的方法”，B项“确认植物当中保护系统的重要性”，C项“在环境压力下确保植物幸存下来的方法”，D项“研发能够处理环境压力的植物的急迫性”。

D
Recently, I accidentally found a set of Hanfu I only wore once from the bottom of the cupboard. I remember buying them simply to match the ancient - style hair accessories(配饰) a friend gave me. It occurred to me that I had been trapped in the “birdcage effect”.
“Birdcage effect” means that when you get an item one day, you will prepare more things to match it. Weeks ago, I was engaged in shopping in the company of friends. One said that she wanted to buy a good writing pen to match the delicate notebook that her sister gave her, so that she would fall in love with taking notes on reading, and thus love reading. I joked that she must have fallen for the “birdcage effect”. But the friend said with a smile, “Why not use the ‘birdcage effect' instead?”
For the first time, I heard that the “birdcage effect” can be used in reverse(反向). However, now this can't help but remind me of middle school when I seemed to have used the “birdcage effect”. Passing by a bookstore one day, I purchased a magazine and saw the call for contributions published in the magazine, so I started writing with eager hands, and then I fell in love with writing.
After shopping with my friends that time, I began to proceed to use the “birdcage effect”. I bought a small fresh tablecloth to decorate my desk, and a beautiful notebook to record my inspiration. When everything was ready, I started writing again.
But how can we get rid of the “birdcage effect” in many things, and even use the “birdcage effect” in the opposite way? Various “birdcages” unavoidably appear in life, but we can distinguish them. If it is not in line with the actual situation, it is a “negative birdcage”. Then we must learn to stop losses in time and maintain a heart of abandonment and separation. If it is a “positive birdcage” that motivates us to develop upward, we can clarify our goals, shop or decorate things appropriately, and motivate ourselves to move towards our goals. At this time, you will find that the “birdcage effect” is actually not so terrible!
32. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. The application of the “birdcage effect” in life.
B. The necessity of using the “birdcage effect” in life.
C. The turning point of the author's idea on the “birdcage effect”.
D. The author's conflict with her friend over the “birdcage effect”.
33. What is the author's purpose in mentioning her middle school experience?
A. To recall her delightful days at school.
B. To explain the reason for her love with writing.
C. To confirm the positive of the “birdcage effect”.
D. To prove her knowledge of the “birdcage effect”.
34. How can we make use of the “birdcage effect” positively?
A. By realizing this effect has two sides.
B. By promoting our personal consumption.
C. By recognizing this effect is not so terrible.
D. By guiding our acts to go with reasonable goals.
35. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Getting Rid of the Birdcage Effect Confidently
B. Motivating Ourselves to Move Towards Our Goals
C. The Birdcage Effect: Influence on Consumer Behavior
D. The Birdcage Effect: How to Use It to Your Advantage

答案： 32. C 理解段落主旨要义 根据第二段内容尤其是朋友说的话“Why not use the ‘birdcage effect’ instead?”以及第三段第一句“For the first time, I heard that the ‘birdcage effect’ can be used in reverse(反向)”可知，第二段主要叙述了通过朋友的言行，作者在“鸟笼效应”方面的想法的转变，故选C项。A项“在生活中鸟笼效应的应用”，B项“在生活中使用鸟笼效应的必要性”，C项“关于鸟笼效应作者想法的转折点”，D项“作者和她朋友在鸟笼效应方面的冲突”。 33. C 理解目的 根据第三段中的“I seemed to have used the ‘birdcage effect’”以及对中学经历的叙述可知，作者被杂志里征稿启事吸引，然后开始写作，并且从此爱上写作，这是“鸟笼效应”好的一面，故选C项。A项“为了回忆她在学校的美好时光”，B项“为了解释她爱上写作的原因”，C项“为了确认鸟笼效应的优点”，D项“为了证明她对鸟笼效应的了解”。 34. D 推断 根据第五段中的“If it is a ‘positive birdcage’ that motivates us to develop upward, we can... motivate ourselves to move towards our goals”可知，如果是一个积极的可以激励我们向好处发展的“鸟笼效应”，我们可阐明目标，恰当购物或装饰事物，激励自己朝着目标努力，所以可推知，想积极利用鸟笼效应的话，我们可先设置合理的目标，然后用目标来指导我们的行动。故选D项。A项“通过意识到鸟笼效应的两面性”，B项“通过促进我们的个人消费”，C项“通过意识到鸟笼效应并不可怕”，D项“通过引导我们的行为和合理的目标相匹配”。 35. D 理解文章主旨要义 根据文章内容尤其是第三段中的“For the first time, I heard that the ‘birdcage effect’ can be used in reverse(反向)”和第五段中的“But how can we get rid of the ‘birdcage effect’ in many things, and even use the ‘birdcage effect’ in the opposite way?”可知，文章通过作者和其朋友的例子主要说明了我们可以反向使用“鸟笼效应”，积极利用这个效应，故选D项。A项“自信地摆脱鸟笼效应”，B项“激励自己朝我们的目标行进”，C项“鸟笼效应：对消费者行为的影响”，D项“鸟笼效应：如何对它加以利用”。