《2025年高考冲刺优秀模拟试卷汇编45套英语通用版》

第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Hong Kong has the largest collection of high-rise buildings on Earth, many of which have been designed by world-famous architects.
HSBC Headquarters Building
In 1979, the Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation ( HSBC ) launched an international design competition for its new headquarters. Foster + Partners, headed by architect Sir Norman Foster, won the competition with an out-of-the-box idea. With a budget of roughly $667 million in the day’s currency, the British visionary had the modular ( 模块化的 ) pieces constructed in the US,Japan and the UK before shipping them to Hong Kong for assembly(组装).
The Henderson
Zaha Hadid Architects ( ZHA ) has revealed plans to replace a multi-story car park in Hong Kong’s central business district with a new 623-foot tower. Like so many of ZHA’s visionary projects, the office tower, completed in 2023, integrates technology with the natural environment. For instance,there is a sky garden which is an outdoor recreational space with a running track and a planting network that acts as an effective biological air-purifying filter by consuming pollutants.
Two International Finance Centre
On a clear day, you can see straight across Hong Kong from the offices in Two International Finance Center( IFC Ⅱ ), completed in 2003. Designed by the late César Pelli, the 1,352-foot tower was the tallest in the city upon its completion. It transformed the skyline when it opened with its breathtaking height and tapered ( 锥形的 ) shape,symbolizing Hong Kong’s rise.
Bank of China Tower
The 1,205-foot tower, officially opened in 1990, broke records at the time and became an instant landmark as the first tower over 985 feet outside North America. With a vision of urban energy, expansion and geometry,the Bank of China Tower ( BOC Tower ) was designed to resemble a bamboo shoot, symbolizing strength,vitality and China’s emergence as a significant player in international finance.
21. What is special about the HSBC Headquarters Building?
A. It was designed by several architect teams.
B. It was funded by countries across the world.
C. Its style was considered to be the most creative.
D. Its design was a winning work of a competition.
22. Which building combines technology with nature?
A. HSBC Headquarters Building.
B. The Henderson.
C. Two International Finance Centre.
D. Bank of China Tower.
23. What do the BOC Tower and IFC Ⅱ have in common?
A. They are known for being eco-friendly.
B. They were completed in the same century.
C. They used to be the tallest in Hong Kong.
D. They were designed by the same architect.

答案： 21 - 23题答案分别为D、B、C；

B
In internships ( 实习期 ) and jobs that I, now a career woman,have ever had,I’ve watched professionals, experienced and brand-new alike, conduct interviews or present themselves in meetings, and many of them appear unprepared and lack confidence. I think they would all benefit from an acting class.
A central technique an acting class can equip you with is improvisation ( 即兴表演 ). Essentially, skills such as the improvisation principle of “Yes, and...”are beneficial for thinking on your feet. When someone suggests a new idea, you say “Yes” and run with the suggestion. A professional familiar with this technique can entertain and value the contributions of others, promoting a free-flowing exchange of ideas, which inspires a positive,creative spirit that the corporate world longs for.
Both college students and professionals might benefit from the voice and movement training. I used to be afraid of the voice and movement part of the acting class. My acting teacher would make us do push-ups and yoga. Then,we’d stand up and moan( 呻吟 ) with varying degrees of voices. I hated this,and lots of other people did,too. But the product of this training is an individual who stands tall and speaks clearly and loudly. Plus,I still use the stretches and warm-ups in class to calm my nerves before presentations.
As an actor, you are a student of human behavior. With that, when you receive a text, you explore your character. Even if you’re playing a villain( 反派角色 ), you have to approach your character from where it stands. Such an outlook makes for a wonderful leader, one that understands co-workers’ situations and treats them with politeness and understanding.
24. What effect does the principle of “Yes, and...” have on professionals following it?
A. It generates positive suggestions.
B. It brings about smooth interaction.
C. It offers them good entertainment value.
D. It helps them recognize their own contributions.
25. What can we learn from the author’s experience in Paragraph 3?
A. She is still very nervous of her acting teacher.
B. She is addicted to working on her physical fitness.
C. The training has made her braver and more patient.
D. The training has enhanced her presentation abilities.
26. What does the author want to say by mentioning exploring characters?
A. It is a big challenge for most of the student actors.
B. It makes the study of human behavior much easier.
C. It can help people put themselves in others’ shoes.
D. It may improve the relationship between co-workers.
27. What does the author advise young professionals to do?
A. Take acting classes.
B. Pursue acting careers.
C. Obtain higher degrees.
D. Consult family and friends.

答案： 24 - 27题答案为B、D、C、A；

C
High in the Swiss Alps and the Arctic, scientists have discovered microbes ( 微生物 ) that can digest plastics — importantly, without the need to apply extra heat. Their findings, published in the journal Frontiers in Microbiology, could one day improve plastic recycling.
It’s no secret that plastic pollution is still a big, global issue. Since its production exploded during and after World War Ⅱ ,humans have created more than 9.1 billion tons of plastics — and researchers estimate that less than one tenth of the resulting waste has been recycled. To make matters worse, the most common recycling option — when plastic is washed, processed and turned into new products — doesn’t actually reduce waste：The recycled materials are often of lower quality and might later end up in a landfill all the same.
So, researchers are looking for solutions to the plastic problem that go beyond conventional recycling — and one process they’ve experimented with is breaking down plastics using microbes. But the known plastic-digesting microbes can only do so at warm temperatures above 85 degrees Fahrenheit. When done at an industrial scale,the amount of energy needed to generate that much heat makes the process give off more carbon — and cost more money.
But the microbes found in the Swiss Alps and the Arctic can function at cooler temperatures：They were able to break down biodegradable ( 可生物降解的 ) plastics at 59 degrees Fahrenheit. In the new study, co-author Joel Rüthi and his colleagues discovered that of the total 34 types of microbes examined, 19 were successfully able to break down a form of plastic called polyester-polyurethane, and 17 could break down two types of biodegradable plastic mixtures.
“Unfortunately, the plastics that the microbes partially degraded represent a really small amount of plastics in circulation,” said Gavin Lear, an environmental microbiologist,who was not involved in the study. Lear acknowledged that using natural microbes could provide a head start when it came to designing a strategy for bio-recycling. “If we move away from the conventional non-biodegradable materials, and we start to use more of these biodegradable plastics,then it’s good that we know how to degrade them more quickly so they’re less of an environmental problem,” he concluded.
28. What do we know about the conventional recycling?
A. It does not live up to expectations.
B. It contributes to more waste.
C. It is not as popular as before.
D. It ensures new product quality.
29. Which best describes the method of using the microbes in the previous studies?
A. Impractical. B. Pioneering.
C. Reliable. D. Invaluable.
30. Why is the new study mentioned in Paragraph 4?
A. To prove the microbes have an obvious taste preference.
B. To show the finding opens doors to a more efficient system.
C. To clarify how the process of breaking down plastics works.
D. To explain why bio-recycling is better than conventional recycling.
31. What do the underlined words “head start” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. Reward.
B. Criterion.
C. Protection.
D. Advantage.

答案： 28 - 31题答案为A、A、B、D；

D
A pair of researchers of Leibniz University Hannover has demonstrated the means by which robots might be programmed to experience something similar to pain in animals. As part of their demonstration at last week’s IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation held in Stockholm, Johannes Kuehn and Sami Haddadin showed how pain might be used in robots,by interacting with a BioTac fingertip sensor on the end of a Kuka robotic arm that had been programmed to react differently to differing amounts of pain.
The idea of developing an artificial robot nervous system may seem contrary to all expectations,but Kuehn says doing so is important in the same way that it is good for humans to feel pain. “Pain is a system that protects us,” says Kuehn. “When we avoid the source of pain, it helps us not get hurt.” So when robots can feel and react to pain, they will become smart enough to avoid it. The more dangerous the robot registers the threat to be, the faster it will withdraw and avoid the source of danger. Additionally, Kuehn and Haddadin say humans working alongside robots that feel pain,especially those in heavy machinery, will be protected around them.
They have tested out some of their ideas using a robotic arm with a fingertip sensor that can detect pressure and temperature. It uses a robot-tissue patch( 小片 ) modeled on human skin to decide how much pain should be felt and thus what action to take. For example, if the arm feels light pain,it slowly withdraws until the pain stops, and then returns to its original task. Severe pain,meanwhile, causes the arm to go into a kind of lockdown mode until it can get help from a human operator.
Such robots are likely to raise a host of questions,of course,if they become more common — if a robot acts the same way a human does when touching a hot plate, are we to believe it is truly experiencing pain? Only time will tell of course,but one thing that is evident, Kuehn and Haddadin’s work could lead to robots that are more human-like than ever.
32. What do we learn about the robots in the demonstration?
A. They can learn skills like animals.
B. They can communicate with people.
C. They have the ability to feel pain.
D. They respond differently to requests.
33. What is Paragraph 2 of the text mainly about?
A. The significance of teaching robots to feel pain.
B. The principle of robots’ avoidance of injuries.
C. The analysis of the artificial robot nervous system.
D. The value of protecting human workers from injuries.
34. What can we learn from the example given in Paragraph 3?
A. The robot is smart enough to carry out different tasks.
B. The robot can hardly work as well as a human operator.
C. The robot can react differently based on degrees of pain.
D. The robot is tolerant of changes in pressure and temperature.
35. What is the author’s attitude toward Kuehn and Haddadin’s study?
A. Dismissive. B. Doubtful.
C. Unclear. D. Optimistic.

答案： 32 - 35题答案为C、A、C、D