《2025年高考冲刺优秀模拟试卷汇编45套英语通用版》

第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Top Online College Courses and Classes
Research for the Classroom Teacher
Utah State University
Taught by: Professor Nick Eastmond
Course Description: In this online course on education, Professor Nick Eastmond instructs classroom teachers how to design and carry out research using a model called Guided Design, which encourages students to read specific pieces of content, apply what they learned from that content to real-world problems and assess their learning abilities by themselves. You must have Adobe Flash Player 9 to take this course.
Creole Language and Culture
University of Notre Dame
Taught by: Karen Richman
Course Description: This reading online course encourages you to get involved even if you have no previous experience with Creole language or culture since it is designed to improve your Creole writing and reading skills, with specific emphasis on grammar and phonetic techniques. However, you should be prepared to complete weekly quizzes, take-home essays, a mid-term and a final exam.
Computer Science 164: Mobile Software Engineering
Harvard University
Taught by: David J. Malan
Course Description: This computer engineering online course teaches you how to design web and mobile apps by reviewing coding languages such as HTML5, PHP and JavaScript. Structurally, Malan's course is composed of video lectures and supplementary(补充的) class materials presented as PDF files on the course's webpage. You should also be prepared to complete projects such as independently developing iOS apps or mobile web apps.
CS470/670: Artificial Intelligence
UMass Boston
Taught by: Professor Wei Ding
Course Description: This introductory computer science online course will expose you to the techniques of artificial intelligence in computers. Through this class, you will gain a foundational understanding of how search methods and associative networks are used to solve practical problems. Additionally, you will learn how to program applications using the LISP language.
21. What can Research for the Classroom Teacher help a teacher do in the class?
A. Evaluate self-learning abilities.
B. Read specific passages.
C. Improve teaching efficiency.
D. Solve the real-world problems.
22. Which course requires students to take regular tests?
A. Creole Language and Culture.
B. Computer Science 164:Mobile Software Engineering.
C. CS470/670: Artificial Intelligence.
D. Research for the Classroom Teacher.
23. What do the last two courses have in common?
A. They consist of video lectures.
B. They are online computer science courses.
C. They use the same programming language.
D. They offer class materials on the course's webpage.

答案： - **A篇**：语篇类型为应用文，主题语境为人与社会——文化与教育——四个顶级大学网课。\n21. C 理解具体信息，根据Research for the Classroom Teacher下的内容可知，这门网课能帮助老师提高教学效率。\n22. A 理解具体信息，根据Creole Language and Culture最后一句话可知，该课要求学生参加定期测试。\n23. B 理解具体信息，最后两门课都是网上计算机科学课。

B
What's the first thing that pops into your mind when you think of wheat straw? Most people would probably just see it as a pile of waste in a farmer's field. However, Wu Cui, an intangible cultural inheritor, can turn the straw left over from harvested wheat into beautiful and eye-catching functional artworks.
The earliest straw-weaving (草编的) products were discovered at Hemudu Cultural Ruins, a Neolithic cultural site located in eastern China's Zhejiang Province. The Book of Rites, one of the classical works of Confucianism, also records that there were already mats made of cattail grass and professional straw-weaving craftsmen during the Zhou dynasty.
Straw weaving is a method of manufacturing daily items or artworks. It was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2008.
Wu explains the process of straw weaving: selection of materials is the first step of a complicated, time-consuming and labor-intensive process that can take weeks or even months to complete. You need to sketch the piece on paper, which requires drawing skills. Next comes the weaving, shaping and preserving of the work. Even by finishing that process, it does not mean that you will always create a good piece of work, and the hardest part is to make it lifelike.
In the past, woven straw items could be found almost in every household in the countryside, such as straw hats and straw shoes, because they were practical in everyday life. But due to the impact of industrialization, manufactured goods have replaced such products, which yield low profits, and there are only about 100 individuals engaging in the work across the country. “The world has changed, and craftsmen need to transcend practicality and pursue the beauty and artistry of straw-weaving culture to help the craft survive and thrive,” Wu says.
From her perspective, straw weaving should respond to people's needs and preferences, while still drawing inspiration from traditional culture. “Craftspeople should make a great effort to grasp the trends and opportunities of the times to create new and relevant products,” she says. When asked about her plans, Wu says she wants to dig deeper into local traditional culture and create cultural creative products by developing the straw-weaving technique.
24. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about straw-weaving products?
A. Their major uses.
B. Their cultural value.
C. Their historic origins.
D. Their manufacturing process.
25. Which is the toughest part for straw-weaving craftsmen according to Wu Cui?
A. Making the artworks vivid.
B. Drawing sketches on paper.
C. Selecting suitable materials.
D. Preserving finished products.
26. What does the underlined word “transcend” in paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. Rely on. B. Go beyond. C. Cast away. D. Turn to.
27. What can we learn from Wu Cui's opinion according to the last paragraph?
A. Straw-weaving products are out of favor with customers.
B. Pursuing fashion should be the first priority for craftspeople.
C. Local people benefit a lot from the straw-weaving techniques.
D. Craftsmen should innovate the craft based on traditional culture.

答案： - **B篇**：语篇类型为说明文，主题语境为人与社会——非物质文化遗产——草编工艺。\n24. C 理解具体信息，第二段主要讲了草编产品的历史起源。\n25. A 理解具体信息，根据吴翠的观点，对草编手艺人来说最难的部分是让艺术作品栩栩如生。\n26. B 理解词汇，画线词意为“超越，超出”。\n27. D 推断，手艺人应该在传统文化的基础上有所创新。

C
Beneath a castle of 80-foot cliffs is a 3-mile stretch of sand and tide pools — a California tourism poster if there ever was one. Nothing disturbs the perfect, sunny view, except — once you notice them — microplastic particles. But you have to look close — on-your-hands-and-knees — to see one. And once you do, you see another and another — so many that you may not think of this or any beach in the same way again. These tiny preproduction plastic balls that manufacturers melt down to form everything have been escaping from factories, container ships, trains, trucks and escaping public notice for decades.
The 2-to-3-millimeter multicolored balls are a subset (子集) of microplastic particles less than 5 millimeters in size. Microplastic particles accumulate where water takes them, and they've been found on shorelines of every continent.
Mark McReynolds is an environmental scientist who's now joined a global movement studying their trail into the environment. Establishing a baseline count of the presence of microplastic particles — and, more broadly, any microplastics — is the focus of Dr McReynolds' scientific study here. Charting the count and noting tides, currents and weather conditions will show if amounts are increasing, and perhaps will show that amounts are at what rate and why. That knowledge, he says, can inform solutions to plastic pollution such as regulation of their use.
“What are you doing? Picking up trash?” asks a steady stream of beach walkers whenever Dr McReynolds' crew walks onto the beach and sets up equipment. These are teachable moments for Dr McReynolds.
One recent morning he told some beach walkers how microplastic particles are believed to absorb toxic chemicals, and — because they resemble fish eggs — are eaten by fish and birds and enter the food chain. Almost right on time, a seagull hopped up to a plastic-coated photo of microplastic particles and hungrily pecked(啄食) at it.
Will his work help save the world? Dr McReynolds waves a finger at that idea, “I won't ever use that word — I won't save the world from this pollution problem. Protect it, yes. We want to take care of it.”
28. What do we know about microplastic particles from paragraph 1?
A. They are too small to be seen.
B. They are products of plastic balls.
C. They have been ignored for long.
D. They can be made into almost nothing.
29. What does Dr McReynolds focus on in his study?
A. Classifying plastic particles into subsets.
B. Finding solutions to plastic pollution.
C. Charting the tides and currents of oceans.
D. Creating data collection for microplastics.
30. What does a seagull's pecking at the picture prove?
A. The interesting teachable moments.
B. The harmful effect of microplastic particles.
C. The spread of poisonous chemicals.
D. The beauty of the photo of microplastic particles.
31. What does Dr McReynolds expect of his work?
A. To educate the public.
B. To provide solutions.
C. To preserve the earth.
D. To save the world.

答案： - **C篇**：语篇类型为说明文，主题语境为人与自然——环境保护——微塑料颗粒对地球的影响。\n28. C 理解具体信息，小的预生产塑料球被忽视很久了。\n29. D 理解具体信息，确定微塑料颗粒的标准数量是McReynolds博士科学研究的重点。\n30. B 推断，海鸥啄食照片证明了微塑料颗粒的危害。\n31. C 理解具体信息，McReynolds博士想要保护地球。

D
A team of researchers at ETH Zurich has the perfect long-lasting solution to our fog problem. They have developed a very thin and gold-based transparent coating (涂层) that can convert sunlight into heat, which can be applied to glasses and other surfaces to prevent them from fogging.
The special coating is developed by using titanium oxide (二氧化钛) and gold particles. It selectively absorbs infrared radiations (红外线辐射) from sunlight and creates a heating effect that is powerful enough to keep fog away from the surface of an object. The coating basically employs heat to stop fogging. The coating absorbs a large part of the infrared radiation, which causes it to heat up — by up to 8℃.
Previously, products like anti-fogging sprays create a very thin film of water on the surface to remove fog. The problem with such surfaces is pollution. Along with water, the sprays also attract dirt, dust, oil, and various other dirty substances, and just a little dirt on the surface makes it useless. However, the new coating repels (排斥) water. Furthermore, the coating is significantly thinner, which makes it more transparent as well as flexible. It is heated passively and requires, during daytime, no additional energy source.
Gold might be expensive, but the researchers stress that their coating requires so little that the material costs remain low. Their coating is produced with standardized and readily scalable methods, all cost-effectively.
However, although this product can work at very low levels of solar irradiation, it does rely on a certain amount of light.
The researchers will develop the coating further for other applications. In the process, they will examine whether other metals work just as well as gold. There is no need to fear, however, this would cause a car or a building to heat up more in the summer. The researchers have filed a patent. Hopefully, this groundbreaking product will soon be available on the market.
32. How does the new coating work to remove fog?
A. By reflecting part of sunlight selectively.
B. By absorbing infrared radiations to heat the coating.
C. By creating a thin film of water on the surface.
D. By keeping cool air away from the object.
33. Why does the author mention previous anti-fogging products?
A. To stress the advantages of the new coating.
B. To introduce the inspiration behind the new coating.
C. To prove the difficulty of creating anti-fogging products.
D. To explain the reason for the anti-fogging coating being popular.
34. What do the researchers plan to do next?
A. Apply for a patent for the invention.
B. Seek a cheaper material as an alternative to gold.
C. Explore the environmental impact of the coating.
D. Develop the product for more practical uses.
35. What does this passage mainly tell us?
A. A new coating which can heat you up in foggy days.
B. A new technology which will arise with advantages and disadvantages.
C. A new solution which can prevent your glasses from fogging.
D. A new approach which can be applied to absorbing sunlight.

答案： - **D篇**：语篇类型为说明文，主题语境为人与社会——科学与技术——眼镜的防雾涂层。\n32. B 理解具体信息，新的涂层通过吸收红外线辐射来加热涂层除雾。\n33. A 推断，作者提到之前的防雾产品是为了强调新涂层的优势。\n34. D 理解具体信息，研究人员将进一步开发这种涂层的其他应用。\n35. C 理解文章主旨要义，本文主要介绍了一种能防止眼镜起雾的新的解决办法。