《2026年高中必刷题高中英语必修第三册外研版》

A
语篇类型:新闻报道
主题:气候变化
词数:277
难度:中
建议用时:7分钟
[山东省大联考2025高一月考]January 2025 was officially the hottest January in recorded human history.
Climate scientist Zeke Hausfather said that January 2025 was warmer than every January measured by scientists, surpassing the prior record set in January 2024 by a sizable margin (幅度). Scientists ever expected this January to be cooler than previous Januaries because of the ocean current cycles like El Niño and La Niña. Yet those predictions did not come to pass.
“We don't have El Niño to kick around anymore,” Yulsman said. “Its impacts actually disappeared months ago. Adding to the puzzle is the fact that we're in the midst of La Niña, which typically cools things down.”
The year 2024 was the warmest year in modern history, with average global temperatures surpassing 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels for the first time ever. The Atlantic hurricane (飓风) season was unusually extreme, droughts and wildfires causing widespread human suffering. Humans still emitted (释放) a record - breaking 37.4 billion tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, though. The total carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere has increased from 280 ppm before the Industrial Revolution to 420 ppm as of 2023, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
“The human emissions of heat - trapping gases are the primary cause of the increases in extreme weather that we are all experiencing,” Dr. Twila Moon, deputy lead scientist at the National Snow and Ice Data Center, said. “It is well known that reducing these emissions is key to minimizing risk and damage to the future. And how to achieve these reductions is well mapped out with the technology to do it. The pressure is now focused on the social, cultural, business and political will.”
1. Why did scientists fail to predict the temperature of January 2025?
A. The reference data was limited.
B. La Niña didn't function as expected.
C. The influence of El Niño continued.
D. Ocean current cycles changed sharply.
2. What did the figures in paragraph 4 mainly show?
A. Climate cycles had their own natural phenomena.
B. La Niña's effect was weaker than scientists had expected.
C. Emissions continued despite worsening climate impacts.
D. Global temperatures experienced regular ups and downs.
3. What do Dr. Twila Moon's words suggest in the last paragraph?
A. Action falls behind solutions.
B. Technology is still the barrier.
C. Climate change is unavoidable.
D. Governments refuse teamwork.
4. What can be the best title for the text?
A. La Niña's Cooling Effect: Why It Failed in 2025
B. Extreme Weather: Has It Been a Concern Since 2024?
C. El Niño's Disappearance: A Challenge for Climate Science
D. Record - Breaking Heat and Emissions: A Wake - Up Call for Humans

答案： 1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句及第三段中的“Adding to the puzzle is the fact that we're in the midst of La Niña, which typically cools things down.”可知，科学家原本预计2025年1月会因厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜等洋流循环导致气温比往年低。厄尔尼诺的影响在几个月前就消失了，而拉尼娜通常会使气温降低，但实际气温却破纪录升高，由此可知，是因为拉尼娜未按预期发挥作用，从而导致预测失败。故选B项。
干扰项解读 文章第三段提到厄尔尼诺的影响在几个月前消失，拉尼娜未发挥预期作用，没有说是洋流循环发生剧变，排除D项。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第四段内容，尤其是提到的一些数字可知，2024年是现代历史上最热的一年，出现了飓风和干旱等极端天气，然而即使在这样恶劣的气候条件下，人类仍然向大气中排放更多的二氧化碳，创下了历史新高，大气中二氧化碳的总浓度也在不断上升。由此可推断，这些数字主要表明，尽管气候影响日益恶化，但排放仍在继续。故选C项。
3.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“And how to achieve these reductions is well mapped out with the technology to do it. The pressure is now focused on the social, cultural, business and political will.”可知，实现减排的技术规划已经明确，现在的压力在于社会、文化、商业和政治意愿方面。由此可推知，目前在应对气候变化方面虽然有解决办法，但缺乏实际行动，即行动落后于解决方案。故选A项。
4.D 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章开篇指出2025年1月是有记录以来人类历史上最热的1月，接着提到2024年是现代历史上最热的一年，以及人类排放的二氧化碳创下新高等内容，最后强调人类排放温室气体是极端天气增多的主要原因，呼吁采取行动减排。全文围绕创纪录的高温和温室气体排放展开，旨在警示人类关注气候变化问题，D项(创纪录的高温与排放物：给人类的警钟)适合作为文章最佳标题。故选D项。
长难句分析
The Atlantic hurricane season was unusually extreme, {droughts and wildfires causing widespread human suffering} 主系表结构
独立主格结构
句意:大西洋飓风季异常极端，干旱和野火造成了大范围的人类苦难。