《2026年高中必刷题高中英语必修第三册外研版》

语篇类型：说明文
主题：培养同理心
词数：369
难度：偏难
建议用时：8分钟
[江西师大附中2025高一月考]Teenagers who have close, secure relationships with their family are more likely to extend empathy (同理心) to their peers, according to a new study.
The study, conducted at the University of Virginia’s Adolescent Research Group, followed 174 adolescents from the ages of 14 to 18 to track their progress annually. At age 14, researchers interviewed the teens regarding their family relationships using a modified version of the Adult Attachment Interview, which is considered the “gold standard” of assessing one’s attachment state of mind. Jessica Stern, lead author of the study, said this motivated the teens to share descriptions and stories about their family. Researchers paid attention to not only what the teens said but also how they expressed it.
After these initial interviews, researchers went back to the participants at ages 16, 17 and 18 and observed their interactions with a close friend. The researchers noted how the participants responded when their friend presented a problem and revealed it to them, assessing the participants’ extension of empathy. Teens who had more secure family relationships showed higher empathy towards their friends at ages 16 and 17 than less secure teens. It’s not all bad news, though, because the less secure teens “caught up” in their empathic behaviour by age 18. This is cause for hope, Stern said, because it may indicate that those empathic skills can develop over time for adolescents who don’t have great relationships at home. Having strong friendships or a trusted teacher might make an impact on insecure teens’ empathy.
More research is being conducted on this particular group of participants, who are now in their mid-30s. The researchers are interested in seeing how the empathic abilities they examined in the teens now shape their romantic relationships and parenting behaviour as adults. Being able to pick up on other people’s emotions and see from their point of view is important “for a variety of other things that we consider success in the world,” Stern said.
For parents and even teachers, Stern advises understanding the necessity of empathy and really investing in relationships with teens. Providing models of empathic behaviour, including treating others with kindness, respect and support, can help adolescents internalise that behaviour.
1. What do we know about the research?
A. It was a long-term study.
B. It revealed gender differences.
C. It involved big data analysis.
D. It explored problem-solving strategies.
2. What can be learnt about the less secure teens during the study?
A. They showed a decline in empathy.
B. They became more eager for empathy.
C. They maintained consistent levels of empathy.
D. They initially struggled but improved later in empathy.
3. What would help adolescents develop empathy according to the last paragraph?
A. Demonstrating empathy by action.
B. Rewarding their progress in empathy.
C. Engaging them in classroom discussions.
D. Monitoring their interpersonal relationships.
4. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The power of empathy for future success.
B. Teenagers’ empathy linked to family bonds.
C. The impact of friendship on adolescent empathy.
D. The attachment theory and teens’ empathy development.

答案： 1.A 2.D 3.A 4.B