《2026年高中必刷题高中英语必修第三册外研版》

[四川绵阳南山中学2025高一期中]
Sleep Well or Stay Up Late to Study?
It's 3 am, and there are only eight hours left until an important exam of a piano solo performance. Yet, you still feel unprepared. But your body is already overloaded. 1
Sleep takes up nearly one - third of our lives, yet it is often overlooked. In reality, sleep is not a waste of time but a vital physiological process. During sleep, the body controls various systems, affecting breathing, circulation, growth, and immunity. Besides, sleep is equally important for the brain, with one - fifth of the blood flowing directly to it. 2
In the 19th century, psychologist Hermann Ebbinghaus proposed the "forgetting curve(曲线)". 3 However, memory can be strengthened through consolidation(巩固). It is a process in which the hippocampus(海马体)plays a vital role. The hippocampus is involved in consolidating declarative memory, like the knowledge needed for exams, but not procedural memory, such as the finger movements required for a piano solo.
4 Intense emotions or stress can make memories more deeply impressive, but good sleep is even more important to a good memory. Sleep is divided into four stages. During slow - wave sleep, declarative memory is temporarily stored before being transferred for long - term storage. Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, on the other hand, is associated with the consolidation of procedural memory.
Studies have shown that sleeping three hours after memorising formulas or an hour after practising the piano is ideal. So, stop sacrificing(牺牲)sleep. 5 "Sleep on it first" truly makes sense.
A. Many factors have an influence on memory consolidation.
B. It not only affects your health but also your memory conservation.
C. It shows that people forget 40% of new information within 20 minutes.
D. The curve accurately shows the different characteristics of our memory.
E. At this moment, getting some sleep actually is better than keeping fighting.
F. You are so worried about your coming performance that you keep practising.
G. Because during this period, the brain reorganises itself, which is essential for memory.
1. E 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. G

答案： 1. E 前文描述了即将重要考试，却仍感觉自身准备不足而身体已经过载的情境，后文介绍了睡眠的重要性，由此可推知，设空处应给出针对当下情境相应的建议，且建议与睡眠相关，E项(在这个时候，睡一会儿实际上比继续奋战要更好)符合语境，承接上文，同时引出下文关于睡眠重要性的阐述。故选 E项。
2. B 前文强调睡眠对健康，还影响记忆保存)总结概括了前文内容，符合语境，其中的 It 指代前提到的睡眠。故选 B项。
3. C 空前提到艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线，空后进行转折，指出记忆可通过巩固来强化，因此，设空处应与遗忘曲线的内容相关，C项(它表明人们在 20 分钟内会忘记 40%的新信息)具体解释“遗忘曲线”的内容，并与后文“但记忆可通过巩固来强化”形成转折，选项中的 It 指代“forgetting curve”，上下文逻辑衔接紧密，故选 C项。
4. A 设空处位于段首，为该段的主题句。空后分别讨论了强烈情绪、压力和良好睡眠对记忆的影响，A项(许多因素对记忆巩固有影响)作为总起句，引出下文关于影响记忆巩固因素的描述，符合语境。故选 A项。
5. G 空前给出了记忆新内容后睡觉的建议并呼吁停止牺牲睡眠，空后指出俗语“先睡一觉再作考虑”是有道理的，设空处应补充睡眠对记忆的重要性。G项(因为在此期间，大脑会自我重组，这对记忆至关重要)解释前文建议停止牺牲睡眠的原因，且与下文衔接自然，符合语境。故选 G项。

[江苏淮安2024高一期末调研]While visually impaired（受损的）runners usually use human guides, Thomas Panek became the first to complete the race supported by dogs, making history at the New York City Half Marathon. Three dogs - Westley, Waffle and Gus - each 1 him for a third of the race.
Thomas said that though he 2 the support of human volunteers, he missed the feeling of 3. In 2015, he established the Running Guides programme 4 dogs to support runners. When selecting his partners for the New York race, he chose siblings（兄弟；姐妹）Waffle and Westley to join Gus, his full - time guide dog. "The 5 is really important. You can't just 6 the harness（挽具）and go for a run with these dogs," Thomas explained. "You're training with a team whatever kind of 7 you are, and you want to spend time together in that training camp."
Each dog sets its own 8 - Westley runs an eight - minute mile, while Waffle can 9 the same distance in six minutes - and helps Thomas 10 obstacles（障碍物）. Gus was chosen to run the final 11 of the race and 12 the finish line with Thomas. He 13 from his duties as a guide dog at the end of the race, which meant he would leave the track field forever. "It's a little 14 for me because he's always been there with me," Thomas said.
Before the race, Thomas commented that guide dogs give people like him the 15 to do whatever a sighted person does, and sometimes, even run a little faster than them.
1. A. accompanied
B. protected
C. prepared
D. equipped
2. A. lacked
B. needed
C. deserved
D. appreciated
3. A. bravery
B. victory
C. independence
D. encouragement
4. A. raising
B. trading
C. walking
D. training
5. A. bond
B. choice
C. impression
D. understanding
6. A. put up
B. tidy up
C. pick up
D. make up
7. A. athlete
B. camper
C. coach
D. judge
8. A. limit
B. pace
C. period
D. distance
9. A. keep
B. reach
C. cover
D. shorten
10. A. avoid
B. locate
C. overcome
D. remove
11. A. season
B. leg
C. stick
D. step
12. A. hug
B. grab
C. cross
D. approach
13. A. escaped
B. retired
C. graduated
D. suffered
14. A. lucky
B. pleasant
C. inspirational
D. emotional
15. A. light
B. freedom
C. patience
D. courage

答案： 1. A 根据上文中的 Thomas Panek became the first to complete the race supported by dogs 可知，此处指三只狗各自陪伴托马斯完成三分之一的比赛。accompany 意为“陪伴”，故选 A项 protect 意为“保护”;equip 意为“使有所准备;使有能力”。
2. D 根据空前的 though 和空后的 he missed the feeling of 可知，此处表示虽然托马斯感激人类志愿者的帮助，但他还是想念独立的感觉。appreciate 意为“感激”，故选 D项。lack 意为“缺乏”;deserve 意为“值得”。
3. C 根据语境及下文中的 Thomas commented that guide dogs give people like him the _______ to do whatever a sighted person does 可知，托马斯训练导盲犬来支持跑步者，是因为这可以让有视障问题的人也可以做任何视力正常的人做的事情，所以可推知，此处表示托马斯怀念的是独立的感觉。independence 意为“独立”，故选 C项。bravery 意为“勇敢”; victory 意为“胜利”;encouragement 意为“鼓励”。
4. D 根据语境可知，此处表示 Running Guides 这一项目通过训练狗来帮助跑步者。train 意为“训练”，故选 D项。raise 意为“养育”。
5. A 根据下文中的 You can’t just _______ the harness and go for a run with these dogs 和“You’re training with a team whatever kind of _______ you are, and you want to spend time together in that training camp. ”可知，此处表示托马斯强调在训练时人与狗之间的情感联系是非常重要的。bond 意为“纽带;联系”，故选 A项。impression 意为“印象”。
6. C 根据语境可知，此处表示不能只是拿起挽具和狗一起跑步。pick up 意为“拿起”，故选 C项。put up 意为“提升;张贴”;tidy up 意为“整理好”;make up 意为“拼装”。
7. A 根据上文中的 When selecting his partners for the New York race 以及空后的 you want to spend time together in that training camp 可知，此处指任何参加纽约马拉松比赛进行体育训练的人，即运动员。athlete 意为“运动员”，故选 A项。coach 意为“教练”;judge 意为“法官”。
8. B 根据下文中的“Westley runs an eight-minute mile, while Waffle can _______ the same distance in six minutes”可知，每只狗都有自己的速度。pace 意为“速度”，故选 B项。limit 意为“限制”;period 意为“时期”;distance 意为“距离”。
9. C 根据上文中的 Westley runs an eight-minute mile 以及语境可知，韦斯特利跑完 1 英里(约 1.6 千米)需要 8 分钟，而华夫在 6 分钟之内就可以跑完同样的距离。cover 意为“行走(一段路程)”，故选 C项。
10. A 根据上文内容可知，托马斯是视障选手，狗的作用是帮助托马斯避开跑步过程中的障碍物。avoid 意为“避让”，故选 A项。locate 意为“找出……的准确位置”;overcome 意为“克服”;remove 意为“移开”。
11. B 根据上文中的“Three dogs—Westley, Waffle and Gus—each _______ him for a third of the race. ”以及下文中的 the finish line with Thomas 可知，格斯负责比赛的最后一段路程。leg 意为“一段路程(或赛程)”，故选 B项。
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12. C 根据空后的 the finish line with Thomas 及语境可知，此处指格斯与托马斯一起越过终点线。cross 意为“越过”，故选 C项。hug 意为“拥抱”;grab 意为“抓住”;approach 意为“接近”。
13. B 根据空后的 which meant he would leave the track field forever 及语境可知，此处表示格斯完成了自己作为导盲犬的使命，将永远离开田径场。retire 意为“退职;退休”，故选 B项。escape 意为“逃跑”;graduate 意为“毕业”;suffer 意为“受苦”。
14. D 根据下文 because he’s always been there with me 以及常识可知，格斯一直陪在托马斯身边，所以离别使得托马斯感到情绪激动。emotional 意为“情绪激动的”，故选 D项。pleasant 意为“令人愉快的”;inspirational 意为“鼓舞人心的”。
15. B 根据上文内容和空后的“do whatever...”可知，导盲犬帮助托马斯完成半程马拉松比赛，所以此处表示导盲犬给予视障人士行动和生活的自由，让他们更独立。故选 B项 patience 意为“耐心”;courage 意为“勇气”。