《2025年高中必刷题高一英语必修第三册人教版》

语篇类型：说明文 主题：贸然决策 词数：267 难度：偏难 建议用时：8分钟
[重庆南开中学2025高一月考]How much time do you spend doing research before you make a decision? There are people who go over every detail before making a choice. _1_ Psychologists call this way of thinking a cognitive bias (偏见), a tendency towards a specific mental mistake.
To study “jumping”, we examined decision-making patterns among more than 600 people from the general population. We found that jumpers made more errors than non-jumpers on problems that require thoughtful analysis. _2_ In a quiz, they overestimated the chance that their answers were right much more than other participants did—even when their answers were wrong.
So what is behind “jumping”? Psychological researchers commonly distinguish between two pathways of thought: the automatic system, which reflects ideas that come to the mind easily, and the controlled system including careful and effortful reasoning. Jumpers and non-jumpers are equally influenced by the automatic thought. _3_ A lack of controlled thinking is also more broadly connected to their problematic beliefs and faulty reasoning.
_4_ A method called metacognitive training can be used to target their bias, which can help people think more cautiously. In this training, participants can learn about the missteps and other ways of thinking through the problem at hand. It helps to weaken participants’ overconfidence.
In everyday life, the question of whether we should think things through or instead go with our guts (直觉) is a frequent and important one. Recent studies have given us the answer which I quite agree with. _5_ Sometimes the most important decision we make can be to take some more time before making a choice.
A. Happily, there may be some hope for jumpers.
B. Also, jumpers had problems with overconfidence.
C. But a fair number of individuals are quick to jump to conclusions.
D. It is certainly possible for them to overthink things to make a decision.
E. We plan to continue the work to trace other problems introduced by jumping.
F. Even gathering just a little bit more evidence may help us avoid a major mistake.
G. The jumpers, however, did not engage in controlled reasoning to the same degree as the non-jumpers.
1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _

答案： 刷7选5
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有相当一部分人作决定前会急于得出结论，并阐述了其背后的原因、影响以及针对这种情况可采取的改善方法。
1 C 根据上文的“There are people who go over every detail before making a choice.”可知，有些人在作决定之前会反复斟酌细节；根据下文“Psychologists call this way of thinking a cognitive bias....”可知，心理学家将某种思维方式称为认知偏见，由此推测设空处应提到另一种思维方式，结合下文多次出现的关键词jumping可知，本空应涉及“贸然下结论”这一错误的思维方式。C项(但也有相当一部分人会草率地得出结论)与上文内容形成转折，且引出后文关于认知偏见和“贸然决策”的内容，符合语境。故选C项。
分点：抓住上下文中的代词(如“this”)、核心概念(如“jumping”)等关键词，能有效帮助判断选项与上下文的衔接关系，提高7选5的解题准确性。
2 B 根据上文的“We found that jumpers made more errors than non-jumpers on problems that require thoughtful analysis.”可知，在那些需要深思熟虑的问题上，贸然下结论的人比不贸然下结论的人犯的错误更多；再结合下文的“In a quiz, they overestimated the chance that their answers were right much more than other participants did—even when their answers were wrong.”可知，贸然下结论的人对自身判断盲目自信。故本空应进一步说明贸然下结论者存在的问题。B项(此外，贸然决策者还存在过度自信的问题)补充了贸然下结论者的另一认知问题，其中的Also体现递进关系，承接前文，引出后文，overconfidence与空后的overestimated相呼应。故选B项。
3 G 根据上文的“Jumpers and non-jumpers are equally influenced by the automatic thought.”及下文内容可知，上文提到贸然决策者和非贸然决策者同样受到自动思维的影响，下文提到缺乏受控思维与错误的信念和推理之间的联系，故设空处应为过渡句，指出两种决策者在“受控思维”方面的差异。G项(然而，贸然决策者在受控推理方面的投入程度与非贸然决策者并不相同)通过however进行转折，指出差异性，与上文提到的相似性形成对比，同时引出下文，符合语境。故选G项。
4 A 设空处为段首句，应承接上文，同时引出下文内容。上文提到贸然决策者可能犯错更多且存在过度自信的问题，由下文的“A method called metacognitive training can be used to target their bias, which can help people think more cautiously.”可知，下文主要介绍“元认知训练”方法可以帮助人们改善认知偏见，更谨慎地思考，A项(值得庆幸的是，贸然决策者或许还有一线希望)承上启下，符合语境。故选A项。
贴士：解题时关注段落间的逻辑转换(如问题→解决办法、原因→结果等)，寻找能衔接这种转换的过渡句。
5 F 根据上文的“Recent studies have given us the answer which I quite agree with.”可知，上文指出最近的研究给出了答案，本空应说明这个答案是什么，结合尾句“Sometimes the most important decision we make can be to take some more time before making a choice.”可知，下文强调作决定前多花时间的重要性。F项(即使只是多收集一点证据，也可能帮助我们避免重大错误)强调多收集证据避免错误，针对上文“应该深思熟虑还是凭直觉行事”这一问题给出了答案，选项中的alittlebit more evidence和下文的somemoretime相呼应，且符合文章整体倡导“谨慎决策”的观点，符合语境。故选F项。

语篇类型：记叙文 主题：导盲犬助力马拉松 词数：263 难度：中 建议用时：13分钟
[江苏淮安2024高一期末调研]While visually impaired (受损的) runners usually use human guides, Thomas Panek became the first to complete the race supported by dogs, making history at the New York City Half Marathon. Three dogs—Westley, Waffle and Gus—each _1_ him for a third of the race.
Thomas said that though he _2_ the support of human volunteers, he missed the feeling of _3_. In 2015, he established the Running Guides programme _4_ dogs to support runners. When selecting his partners for the New York race, he chose siblings (兄弟;姐妹) Waffle and Westley to join Gus, his full-time guide dog. “The _5_ is really important. You can’t just _6_ the harness (挽具) and go for a run with these dogs,” Thomas explained. “You’re training with a team whatever kind of _7_ you are, and you want to spend time together in that training camp.”
Each dog sets its own _8_—Westley runs an eight-minute mile, while Waffle can _9_ the same distance in six minutes—and helps Thomas _10_ obstacles (障碍物). Gus was chosen to run the final _11_ of the race and _12_ the finish line with Thomas. He _13_ from his duties as a guide dog at the end of the race, which meant he would leave the track field forever. “It’s a little _14_ for me because he’s always been there with me,” Thomas said.
Before the race, Thomas commented that guide dogs give people like him the _15_ to do whatever a sighted person does, and sometimes, even run a little faster than them.
1. A. accompanied
B. protected
C. prepared
D. equipped
2. A. lacked
B. needed
C. deserved
D. appreciated
3. A. bravery
B. victory
C. independence
D. encouragement
4. A. raising
B. trading
C. walking
D. training
5. A. bond
B. choice
C. impression
D. understanding
6. A. put up
B. tidy up
C. pick up
D. make up
7. A. athlete
B. camper
C. coach
D. judge
8. A. limit
B. pace
C. period
D. distance
9. A. keep
B. reach
C. cover
D. shorten
10. A. avoid
B. locate
C. overcome
D. remove
11. A. season
B. leg
C. stick
D. step
12. A. hug
B. grab
C. cross
D. approach
13. A. escaped
B. retired
C. graduated
D. suffered
14. A. lucky
B. pleasant
C. inspirational
D. emotional
15. A. light
B. freedom
C. patience
D. courage

答案： 刷完形填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了视障选手托马斯·帕内克成为第一个在导盲犬的支持下完成半程马拉松比赛的人，在纽约市半程马拉松比赛中创造了历史。
1 A 根据上文中的ThomasPanekbecamethefirsttocompletetheracesupportedbydogs可知，此处指三只狗各自陪伴托马斯完成三分之一的比赛。accompany意为“陪伴”，故选A项。protect意为“保护”；equip意为“使有所准备；使有能力”。
2 D 根据空前的though和空后的hemissedthefeelingof 可知，此处表示虽然托马斯感激人类志愿者的帮助，但他还是想念独立的感觉。appreciate意为“感激”，故选D项。lack意为“缺乏”；deserve意为“值得”。
3 C 根据语境及下文中的Thomascommentedthatguidedogsgivepeoplelikehimthe 可知，托马斯训练导盲犬来支持跑步者，是因为这可以让有视障问题的人也可以做任何视力正常的人做的事情，所以可推知，此处表示托马斯怀念的是独立的感觉。independence意为“独立”，故选C项。bravery意为“勇敢”；victory意为“胜利”；encouragement意为“鼓励”。
4 D 根据语境可知，此处表示RunningGuides这一项目通过训练狗来帮助跑步者。train意为“训练”，故选D项。raise意为“养育”。
5 A 根据下文中的Youcan’tjust theharnessandgoforarunwiththesedogs和“You’retrainingwithateamwhateverkindof youare,andyouwanttospendtimetogetherinthattrainingcamp.”可知，此处表示托马斯强调在训练时人与狗之间的情感联系是非常重要的。bond意为“纽带；联系”，故选A项。impression意为“印象”。
6 C 根据语境可知，此处表示不能只是拿起挽具和狗一起跑步。pickup意为“拿起”，故选C项。putup意为“提升；张贴”；tidyup意为“整理好”；makeup意为“拼装”。
7 A 根据上文中的WhenselectinghispartnersfortheNewYorkrace以及空后的youwanttospendtimetogetherinthattrainingcamp可知，此处指任何参加纽约马拉松比赛进行体育训练的人，即运动员。athlete意为“运动员”，故选A项。coach意为“教练”；judge意为“法官”。
8 B 根据下文中的“Westleyrunsaneight-minutemile,whileWafflecan thesamedistanceinsixminutes”可知，每只狗都有自己的速度。pace意为“速度”，故选B项。limit意为“限制”；period意为“时期；周期”；distance意为“距离”。
9 C 根据上文中的Westleyrunsaneight-minutemile以及语境可知，韦斯特利跑完1英里(约1.6千米)需要8分钟，而华夫在6分钟之内就可以跑完同样的距离。cover意为“行走(一段路程)”，故选C项。
10 A 根据上文内容可知，托马斯是视障选手，狗的作用是帮助托马斯避开跑步过程中的障碍物。avoid意为“避让”，故选A项。locate意为“找出……的准确位置”；overcome意为“克服”；remove意为“移开”。
11 B 根据上文中的“Threedogs—Westley,WaffleandGus—each himforathirdoftherace.”以及下文中的thefinishlinewithThomas可知，格斯负责比赛的最后一段路程。leg意为“一段路程(或赛程)”，故选B项。
黑板：熟词生义
12 C 根据空后的thefinishlinewithThomas及语境可知，此处指格斯与托马斯一起越过终点线。cross意为“越过”，故选C项。hug意为“拥抱”；grab意为“抓住”；approach意为“接近”。
13 B 根据空后的whichmeanthewouldleavethetrackfieldforever及语境可知，此处表示格斯完成了自己作为导盲犬的使命，将永远离开田径场。retire意为“退职；退休”，故选B项。escape意为“逃跑”；graduate意为“毕业”；suffer意为“受苦”。
14 D 根据下文becausehe’salwaysbeentherewithme以及常识可知，格斯一直陪在托马斯身边，所以离别使得托马斯感到情绪激动。emotional意为“情绪激动的”，故选D项。pleasant意为“令人愉快的”；inspirational意为“鼓舞人心的”。
15 B 根据上文内容和空后的“dowhatever...”可知，导盲犬帮助托马斯完成半程马拉松比赛，所以此处表示导盲犬给予视障人士行动和生活的自由，让他们更独立。故选B项。patience意为“耐心”；courage意为“勇气”。