《2025年高中必刷题高一英语必修第三册人教版》

B
语篇类型:说明文 主题:培养同理心 词数:369 难度:偏难 建议用时:8分钟
[江西师大附中2025高一月考]Teenagers who have close, secure relationships with their family are more likely to extend empathy (同理心) to their peers, according to a new study.
The study, conducted at the University of Virginia's Adolescent Research Group, followed 174 adolescents from the ages of 14 to 18 to track their progress annually. At age 14, researchers interviewed the teens regarding their family relationships using a modified version of the Adult Attachment Interview, which is considered the "gold standard" of assessing one's attachment state of mind. Jessica Stern, lead author of the study, said this motivated the teens to share descriptions and stories about their family. Researchers paid attention to not only what the teens said but also how they expressed it.
After these initial interviews, researchers went back to the participants at ages 16, 17 and 18 and observed their interactions with a close friend. The researchers noted how the participants responded when their friend presented a problem and revealed it to them, assessing the participants' extension of empathy. Teens who had more secure family relationships showed higher empathy towards their friends at ages 16 and 17 than less secure teens. It's not all bad news, though, because the less secure teens "caught up" in their empathic behaviour by age 18. This is cause for hope, Stern said, because it may indicate that those empathic skills can develop over time for adolescents who don't have great relationships at home. Having strong friendships or a trusted teacher might make an impact on insecure teens' empathy.
More research is being conducted on this particular group of participants, who are now in their mid - 30s. The researchers are interested in seeing how the empathic abilities they examined in the teens now shape their romantic relationships and parenting behaviour as adults. Being able to pick up on other people's emotions and see from their point of view is important "for a variety of other things that we consider success in the world," Stern said.
For parents and even teachers, Stern advises understanding the necessity of empathy and really investing in relationships with teens. Providing models of empathic behaviour, including treating others with kindness, respect and support, can help adolescents internalise that behaviour.
1. What do we know about the research?
A. It was a long - term study.
B. It revealed gender differences.
C. It involved big data analysis.
D. It explored problem - solving strategies.
2. What can be learnt about the less secure teens during the study?
A. They showed a decline in empathy.
B. They became more eager for empathy.
C. They maintained consistent levels of empathy.
D. They initially struggled but improved later in empathy.
3. What would help adolescents develop empathy according to the last paragraph?
A. Demonstrating empathy by action.
B. Rewarding their progress in empathy.
C. Engaging them in classroom discussions.
D. Monitoring their interpersonal relationships.
4. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The power of empathy for future success.
B. Teenagers' empathy linked to family bonds.
C. The impact of friendship on adolescent empathy.
D. The attachment theory and teens' empathy development.

答案： [语篇导读]本文是一篇说明文。研究表明家庭关系紧密且稳固的青少年更易对同龄人表现出同理心，且同理心可随时间发展，文章还说明了培养青少年同理心的重要性及方法。
1.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The study… followed 174 adolescents from the ages of 14 to 18 to track their progress annually.”和第四段中的“More research is being conducted on this particular group of participants, who are now in their mid-30s.”可知，这项研究从参与者的青少年时期一直持续到他们30多岁，是一项长期的研究。故选A项。
2.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Teens who had more secure family relationships showed higher empathy towards their friends at ages 16 and 17 than less secure teens. It’s not all bad news, though, because the less secure teens ‘caught up’ in their empathic behaviour by age 18.”可知，家庭关系不太稳固的青少年一开始在同理心方面表现得不如家庭关系稳固的青少年，但他们到了18岁时在同理心方面会“追赶上来”。由此可知，他们起初在同理心方面表现不佳，但之后有所改善。故选D项。
3.A细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Providing models of empathic behaviour, including treating others with kindness, respect and support, can help adolescents internalise that behaviour.”可知，以友善、尊重和支持的态度对待他人可以帮助青少年将这种同理心行为内化。由此可知，通过实际行动展示同理心有助于青少年培养同理心。故选A项。
4.B主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段内容可知，文章开篇点明研究发现家庭关系紧密且稳固的青少年更有可能对同龄人产生同理心，接着详细介绍研究过程，通过对青少年的追踪调查，发现家庭关系稳固的青少年早期同理心更强，那些家庭关系不太稳固的青少年到了18岁同理心也会“追赶上来”，文章整体围绕青少年同理心和家庭关系展开讨论，B项(与家庭纽带相关的青少年的同理心)准确概括了文章内容。故选B项。