《2025年高中必刷题高一英语必修第三册人教版》

B
语篇类型:说明文 主题:跨文化交流 词数:371 难度:偏难 建议用时:8分钟
[广东华南师大附中2025高一期中]In today's interconnected world, cross-cultural communication has emerged as a vital skill for encouraging international cooperation and social harmony. Britain, with its centuries-old history of absorbing diverse influences and its current multicultural landscape, serves as an ideal example of how tradition and modernity can coexist to bridge cultural gaps.
The roots of British cultural adaptability date back to ancient times. When the Romans invaded Britain in 55 BCE, they not only established management systems but also constructed public facilities such as roads and Hadrian's Wall—a massive defensive structure marking the northern border of their empire. These innovations not only managed conflicts with other tribes but also laid the foundation for future cultural exchanges. Today, this legacy of blending old and new remains evident. For instance, the British Parliament maintains strict dress codes requiring formal suits and robes during sessions, symbolising respect for tradition. Meanwhile, modern Britain embraces literary festivals and experimental theatre productions, reflecting its dynamic engagement with contemporary artistic expression.
However, dealing with cultural differences remains challenging. In international business settings, British professionals often prefer building trust through indirect communication and tea-break small talk, while their American counterparts favour straightforward discussions to get straight to the point. Research by the London Business School reveals that 68% of the cross-Atlantic negotiations (谈判) face delays because of these contrasting styles. Americans may regard British politeness as indecision, whereas Britons perceive American directness as impersonal and overly focused on business deals.
Language differences further test cultural sensitivity. A simple phrase like “I'll consider it” in British English often means a polite refusal, whereas Americans might take it literally as openness to further discussion. Even gestures differ: Maintaining eye contact is seen as confident in the US but may be viewed as rude in some British contexts.
To address these challenges, educational institutions play a key role. Universities like Oxford and Cambridge now offer courses such as “Global Communication Strategies,” where students role-play for negotiation scenes and analyse case studies of multinational corporations. Such training emphasises empathy (共鸣), active listening, and adapting communication styles to diverse audiences. As globalisation continues to erase borders, mastering these skills becomes not just beneficial but essential for building a more inclusive world.
1. What might be the purpose of building Hadrian's Wall?
A. To help manage conflicts and defend the border.
B. To display advanced architectural skills.
C. To establish trade routes.
D. To mark the southern border of the Roman Empire.
2. What can be inferred about British and American negotiation styles from paragraph 3?
A. Americans prefer indirect communication.
B. British negotiators focus on short-term gains.
C. Their differences may lead to misunderstandings.
D. They both value efficiency over relationship building.
3. What does the underlined word “impersonal” mean in paragraph 3?
A. Rude.
B. Distant.
C. Casual.
D. Friendly.
4. What might the author discuss next regarding cross-cultural communication training?
A. The history of Roman education systems.
B. Specific methods used in intercultural courses.
C. What cultural misunderstandings cost the economy.
D. How modern technology replaces traditional teaching.

答案： B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国文化适应性的根源、英美商务谈判风格差异及语言和姿态的文化差异，并强调了跨文化交流培训的重要性。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When the Romans invaded Britain in 55 BCE, they not only established management systems... managed conflicts with other tribes but also laid the foundation for future cultural exchanges.”可知，建造哈德良长城的目的可能是协助管理冲突和保卫边界。故选A项。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“British professionals often prefer building trust through indirect communication and tea-break small talk, while their American counterparts favour straightforward discussions to get straight to the point.”和“Research by the London Business School reveals that 68% of the cross-Atlantic negotiations face delays because of these contrasting styles.”可知，英国人通常倾向于通过间接沟通和茶歇闲聊来建立信任，而美国人则更喜欢直截了当的讨论，直奔主题，且研究显示，由于这两种截然不同的风格，68%的跨大西洋谈判面临延误。由此可推知，英国人和美国人的谈判风格差异可能导致误解。故选C项。
干扰项解读
A.与原文所述信息（favour straightforward discussions）相反，美国人偏爱“straightforward discussions”（直截了当的讨论），而英国人偏向“indirect communication”（间接交流）。
B.无中生有。原文未提到英国人注重短期利益。
D.错误推断。英国人倾向于建立信任（building trust），注重关系的建立；而美国人倾向于直奔主题，以效率为导向。
3.B 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Americans may regard British politeness as indecision, whereas Britons perceive American directness as impersonal and overly focused on business deals.”可知，画线词应与and后的overly focused on business deals（过于看重商业交易）所表达的含义相近，故可推知，impersonal意为“没有人情味的，冷漠的”，与B项含义相近。故选B项。
4.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，该段主要介绍了诸多高校如今开设“全球沟通策略”之类的课程，让学生角色扮演，模拟谈判场景，分析跨国公司案例，培养学生的跨文化交流能力；该段最后一句表明掌握跨文化交流技能的重要性。故可推知，作者接下来可能会介绍跨文化培训课程中所用的具体方法。故选B项。
文本解构
说明文——跨文化交流的重要性
Para 1 提出核心观点——跨文化交流的重要性，以英国为例引出话题。
Para 2 以历史为例说明英国文化的包容性，解释英国如何融合传统与现代元素。
Para 3—4 列举现实中的交流障碍——英美谈判风格以及语言和姿态方面存在的文化差异。
Para 5 提供解决方法，即教育干预与跨文化交流核心素养的培养。