《2025年高中必刷题高一英语必修第三册人教版》

A
语篇类型:说明文 主题:太阳风和极光原理 词数:348 难度:中 建议用时:7分钟
Do you know that the sun has weather? The sun's weather, called space weather, can affect the entire solar system. The sun is continuously blowing a stream of tiny particles (颗粒) in all directions, called the solar wind, which is mostly made up of hydrogen (氢). It blows at the speed of hundreds of kilometres per second and has been blowing onto the Earth for billions of years.
But why hasn't it crashed into us? Actually, the Earth has a magnetic field (磁场), which causes the planet to act like a giant magnet in space and protects the Earth from the solar wind. The Earth's magnetic field is what causes a compass to work. The magnetic field can't be seen, but we can measure it with magnets and other scientific instruments.
The particles that make up the solar wind are made to change direction by the Earth's magnetic field, so they mostly pass around the Earth without crashing into us. But it's not an immaculate protection—because of the shape of the Earth's magnetic field, close to the North and South Poles, a little bit of the solar wind can sometimes get through and crash directly into the atmosphere.
This crash happens between very tiny particles at an incredible speed. Therefore, instead of throwing off smaller pieces or exploding, the particles give off light, causing polar lights. The colours of the light tell us what type of atmospheric particle is being crashed into by the solar wind. For example, red and green are from oxygen.
What the polar lights, also known as auroras, exactly look like depends on the state of the Earth's magnetic field and the atmosphere, but more directly depends on space weather. Sometimes the sun produces a storm, which will typically cause an impressive view of auroras only for people who live in the far north and south of the world, underneath the part of the Earth's magnetic field that can let the solar wind through. But sometimes, a really powerful storm can cause the auroras to be visible in some other places as well.
1. What is mentioned about the magnetic field?
A. It can be measured by a compass.
B. It saves the Earth from external hits.
C. It attracts the solar wind to the Earth.
D. It can be seen with scientific instruments.
2. What does the underlined word "immaculate" in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Perfect.
B. Common.
C. Impressive.
D. Changeable.
3. What can be a factor impacting the colour of the polar lights?
A. The speed of the solar wind.
B. The tiny colourful objects in space.
C. The shape of the Earth's magnetic field.
D. The affected particle types in the atmosphere.
4. What can we conclude from the last paragraph?
A. Powerful storms happen frequently on the sun.
B. Space weather may widen the Earth's magnetic field.
C. Solar winds' force plays a role in auroras' visible range.
D. Auroras' appearance relies mostly on the Earth's atmosphere.

答案： 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了太阳风的构成和意义,同时解释了地球磁场在保护地球免受太阳风冲击中的作用以及极光现象的成因。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Actually, the Earth has a magnetic field, which causes the planet to act like a giant magnet in space and protects the Earth from the solar wind.”可知,磁场保护地球免受太阳风的冲击。故选B项。
2.A 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“The particles that make up the solar wind are made to change direction by the Earth’s magnetic field, so they mostly pass around the Earth without crashing into us.”和表示转折的连词But及下文的“because of... a little bit of the solar wind can sometimes get through and crash directly into the atmosphere”可知,磁场会阻止太阳风撞击地球,但并不能完全使地球不被撞击,有时候还是会有少量太阳风与大气层直接发生碰撞,因此,磁场不是一种完美的保护,画线词表示“完美的”,与perfect意思相近。故选A项。
3.D 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The colours of the light tell us what type of atmospheric particle is being crashed into by the solar wind.”可知,影响极光颜色的因素是大气中受影响的粒子类型。故选D项。
4.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Sometimes the sun produces a storm, which will typically cause an impressive view of auroras... a really powerful storm can cause the auroras to be visible in some other places as well.”可知,太阳风引起的风暴强度会影响极光的可见范围。故选C项。
长难句分析
Sometimes the sun produces a storm, |which will typically cause an impressive view of auroras only for people who live in who引导的
the far north and south of the world, underneath the part of the Earth’s magnetic field that can let the solar wind 介词短语作后置定语,其中包含that引导的定语从句
through| which引导的非限制性定语从句·
句意:有时太阳会发生风暴,这通常会产生令人惊叹的极光景象,并且只有居住在地球南北极地区的人们才能看到,这些地区位于可以让太阳风通过的部分地球磁场之下。