《2025年一本英语五合一必刷题高中人教版》

Lack of sleep has been linked to heart disease, poor mood and loneliness. It could also make people less generous, researchers report in PLOS Biology.
To test the link between sleep loss and generosity, Eti Ben Simon and her team first brought 23 participants into the lab for two nights. The participants slept through one night and stayed awake for another night. In the mornings, participants completed a questionnaire rating their likelihood of helping strangers in various situations. Participants rated on a scale (等级) from one to five, with one for least likely to help and five for most likely. About 80 percent of participants showed less likelihood of helping others when sleep - deprived (睡眠不足的) than when rested.
In another experiment, the researchers gathered 136 participants online and had them keep a sleep journal for four nights. Each participant then completed the same questionnaire as in the first experiment before 1 pm the next day. The researchers found that the more time participants spent awake in bed, the lower their scores were.
In the final experiment focused on Daylight Saving Time (DST), the researchers looked at 16 years of charitable donations to Donors Choose, a nonprofit that raises money for school projects. In the workweek following the time change, total donations, which typically averaged about $82 per day, dropped to about $73 per day. That is to say, the hour of sleep lost in the switch over to DST every spring appears to reduce people’s tendency to help others.
Sleep deprivation in the modern world is a serious problem, Ben Simon says. But unlike many other large - scale problems—like climate change—this one has a ready solution. “If you think about promoting sleep and letting people get the sleep they need, what an impact that could have on the societies we live in!” she said.
8. Where did the participants complete questionnaires in the first experiment?
A. In a laboratory.
B. In their workplaces.
C. On the road.
D. On the Internet.
9. What were the participants in the second experiment asked to do?
A. Express their understanding of DST.
B. Write down their daily activities before bed.
C. Record their sleep time by themselves.
D. Sleep through one night and stay awake for another.
10. What does the underlined part “the time change” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. The change in one’s working hours.
B. The switch from day to night.
C. The one - hour switch over to DST.
D. The switch from the weekend to the weekday.
11. Which aspect of sleep deprivation is the text mainly about?
A. Its impact on one’s work.
B. Its impact on one’s emotion.
C. Its impact on one’s health.
D. Its impact on one’s social behavior.

答案： 8.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To test the link between sleep loss and generosity, Eti Ben Simon and her team first brought 23 participants into the lab for two nights... participants completed a questionnaire”可知，在第一项实验中，参与者被邀请到一个实验室里接受测试，并填写调查问卷。
9.C 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“In another experiment, the researchers gathered 136 participants online and had them keep a sleep journal for four nights.”可知，在另一项实验中，研究人员在网上召集了136名参与者，并让他们连续四天记录睡眠日志。
10.C 词义猜测题。根据第四段最后一句“That is to say, the hour of sleep lost in the switch over to DST every spring appears to reduce people’s tendency to help others.”可知，在每年春天改用夏令时时减少的睡眠时间似乎降低了人们帮助他人的意向。由此可知，画线部分指的是夏令时将时间提早一个小时这一转换。
11.D 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句中对研究发现的总结“It could also make people less generous”、第二至四段中三个实验的结论以及最后一段中的“what an impact that could have on the societies we live in”可推知，本文主要探讨的是睡眠不足对个人的社会行为产生的影响。