《2025年一本英语五合一必刷题高中人教版》

阅读理解 C
关键词：UHS
语篇类型：说明文
词数：312
难度：★★★☆☆
建议用时：7 分钟
正确率：____/4
About six years ago, Regina Betz, a scientist at University Hospital Bonn, linked three genes (基因) to a striking hair - related disorder. Those born with the genes have a headful of soft and light hair that simply won't lie down flat. The disorder was named uncombable hair syndrome (UHS). At that time, only 100 cases or so had ever been reported.
But after the study came out, people from around the world started emailing the researchers. Buket Basmanav is another scientist who was part of the team. Those emails, she says, were noting “Oh, I have a child like this” or “Oh, I looked exactly like that as a child.” The group knew they had to investigate. So Betz told the emailers, “Send us your samples.”
Since then, the team has analyzed DNA from 107 people with UHS. They've found that variations in just a single gene account for more than 71 percent of the cases. The gene is named PADI3. It directs certain cells to make a substance involved in the formation of hair. Mutations(变异) in the gene can disturb that process, causing changes in the hair's structure.
The Bonn group also found that nearly 4 percent of the new cases showed variations of two other genes that they had studied earlier. But about one - fourth of the cases in the new study remain unexplained.
The team's findings could help people better understand the disorder. “It isn't typically tied to health problems. And hair manageability often improves with age. A genetic cause might calm parents who worry that their child's uncombable hair is a sign of some bigger problem,” says Gillian Westgate, a biologist who studies hair but was not involved in the new study.
Basmanav agrees that genetic tests identifying UHS can be a relief. “It eases their minds to hear ‘we don't expect any additional symptoms to show up’,” she says.
8. What were the emails to the researchers mainly about after the study came out?
A. People's experience with UHS.
B. People's concerns about UHS.
C. Various forms of hair disorders.
D. Different ways of dealing with UHS.
9. How many people investigated had UHS caused by mutations in the three genes?
A. Nearly half of them.
B. Nearly 30% of them.
C. About one - fourth of them.
D. About three - fourth of them.
10. What does Gillian Westgate think of UHS?
A. It will get even worse with age.
B. It can be passed on to children.
C. It isn't usually a sign of health problems.
D. It often comes along with other symptoms.
11. What will calm parents according to Buket Basmanav?
A. The possibility of preventing UHS.
B. UHS's potential advantages.
C. UHS's showing no additional symptoms.
D. UHS's manageability with proper methods.

答案： 8.A 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“Those emails, she says, were noting ‘Oh, I have a child like this’ or ‘Oh, I looked exactly like that as a child.’”可知，那些邮件大多是人们描述自己或身边的人的关于难梳头发综合征的经历。
9.D 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“They’ve found that variations in just a single gene account for more than 71 percent of the cases.”以及第四段可知，有超过71%的参与者是因为一种基因的变异而患上难梳头发综合征的，有将近4%的参与者是因为另外两种基因的变异而患上难梳头发综合征的，剩余大约四分之一的参与者患上难梳头发综合征的原因不明。综上可推知，大约有四分之三(75%)的参与者是因为基因变异而患上难梳头发综合征的。
10.C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Gillian Westgate所说的“It isn’t typically tied to health problems.”可知，她认为难梳头发综合征通常不是出现健康问题的迹象。
11.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中Basmanav所说的“It eases their minds to hear ‘we don’t expect any additional symptoms to show up’”可知，她认为能使父母们安心的是难梳头发综合征不会再有其他症状。
长难句分析
（第四段第一句）The Bonn group also found that nearly 4 percent of the new cases showed variations of two other genes that they had studied earlier. Bonn小组还发现，近4%的新病例显示了他们之前研究的另外两个基因的变异。
本句是一个主从复合句。that nearly...earlier为that引导的宾语从句，作found的宾语；that they had studied earlier为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词two other genes，that在该从句中作宾语。