《2025年通城学典组合训练八年级英语全一册人教版辽宁专版》

C
KEY→P20
范畴:人与自然
主题:生物演变
体裁:说明文
难度:★★★
建议用时:7分钟
评价:____/4
How did wild wolves become pet dogs? No one is quite sure.
Long ago, people didn't live in houses. They moved from place to place, hunting for food. They didn't know how to grow food, and they didn't keep any trained animals. People and wolves were not friends then (and still aren't). So what happened?
A few clever wolves might follow people to take their leftovers. Or a few clever people might follow wolves to get hunting help.
Although those first people and wolves got together, the wolves weren't pets yet. Even if some wolves had been “trained”, their babies would still be born wild and need to be trained. But people began to keep and train the friendliest, gentlest babies. They let the others go back into the wild.
And when those trained pups grew up and had babies, people again chose to keep the friendliest, gentlest pups. The same thing happened again and again and again. After many, many, many times, something changed.
The pups began to look different. They had rounder heads, smaller teeth, and curlier tails. Their coats came in more colors. They wagged their tails and barked. They no longer needed to be trained. They depended on people for food and a home. They had become dogs. Gradually, people learned how to choose and breed(饲养) dogs to do different jobs. Brave, little dogs could catch rats and other pests underground. Fast, long-legged dogs could find and chase animals for hunters.
Now we have hundreds of different kinds of dogs. But no matter what they look like now, long, long ago, every single type was once a wolf.
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(D)1. How did people gradually turn wolves into dogs?
A. By making all the wolves follow them everywhere.
B. By keeping and training all baby wolves.
C. By hunting wolves and training them.
D. By keeping and training the friendliest and gentlest baby wolves.
(A)2. From the passage we can infer that ____.
A. it took a long time for wolves to become dogs
B. wolves were always friendly to humans
C. people didn't like wolves at all
D. all wolves can be easily trained
(A)3. 新考法·图片理解 Which picture shows the pups that began to look different?

(B)4. What is the writer's purpose in writing this passage?
A. To encourage people to keep wolves as pets.
B. To explain how wolves changed into dogs through human selection.
C. To compare the differences between wolves and modern dogs.
D. To criticize the way humans trained wild animals.

答案： 1.D 细节理解题。由句子“But people began to keep and train the friendliest，gentlest babies.”和第五、六段可知，人们开始饲养和训练最友好、最温和的狼崽。当这些受过训练的狼崽长大并生下孩子时，人们再次选择饲养最友好、更温和的狼崽。因此，人们通过饲养和训练最友好、最温和的狼崽，将狼变成了狗。
2.A 推理判断题。文中提到“After many，many，many times，something changed.”并描述了人们选择和训练狼崽的长期过程。这意味着狼进化成狗需要很长时间。
3.A 推理判断题。由“The pups began to look different. They had rounder heads，smaller teeth，and curlier tails.”等可知，狼崽开始看起来不一样了。它们的头更圆，牙齿更小，尾巴更弯。由此可判断本题答案为A。
4.B 推理判断题。文章通过描述人类对狼的驯化过程，解释狼是如何演变为狗的。