《2025年多维互动提优课堂八年级英语上册译林版提升版》

五、阅读理解(10 分)
There was once a captain who loved money so much that he cheated his sailors at the end of every voyage and took their wages.
On the last day of one voyage, the ship was in a small port. It was winter time, and the sea was very cold, so the captain said to his sailors, “If one of you stays in the water during the whole night, I will give him my ship. But if he comes out before the sun appears, I shall get his wages.”
The sailors had heard about the captain's cheating, so they didn't trust him. But then one of them, who thought that he was cleverer than the captain, said that he would do it. He got into the water, and, though it was very cold, he stayed in it. When it was nearly morning, some fishermen lit a fire on the shore about half a mile away.
“You are cheating,” the captain said to the sailor. “The fire's warming you.”
“But it's half a mile away!” said the sailor.
“A fire's fire,” answered the captain. “I have won.”
The sailor came out of the water, and said, “Perhaps you think that you are clever because you have won my wages, but you can't cook a chicken.”
“I can,” answered the captain.
“If you cook this chicken,” said the sailor, “I shall work for you without wages for seven years, but if you can't, you will give me your ship.”
The captain agreed, took the chicken and said, “Where's the fire?”
“There it is,” answered the sailor. “On the shore.”
“But it's half a mile away,” said the captain angrily.
“‘A fire's fire’ you said,” answered the sailor. “If it is enough to warm me in the water, it is enough to cook your chicken.”
( )1. The captain got the sailors' wages ______.
A. to buy a chicken for himself B. and kept the money for future use C. by cheating them D. and said he would return the money soon
( )2. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. All the sailors refused to get into the water because it was too cold. B. The captain knew that the fire the fishermen made was enough to warm the sailor in the water. C. The captain succeeded in cheating the sailor. D. It was the sailor who was cleverer.
( )3. The captain insisted that the fire was warming the sailor because he ______.
A. didn't want to lose the bet B. didn't believe the sailor's success C. wanted to keep his promise D. wanted to show his cleverness
( )4. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. The sailors didn't trust the captain. B. In order to help the sailor in the water, the fishermen made a fire. C. The captain failed to cheat the sailor this time. D. The sailor didn't get out of the water before the sun appeared.
( )5. What is the title of the story?
A. How a captain cheated his sailor B. How a sailor got a ship C. A brave sailor D. A fire is fire

答案： 【解析】：本题主要考查阅读理解，包括细节理解、推理判断等能力。题目给出了一个关于船长和水手之间因金钱和欺骗而发生的故事，随后通过几个问题来检验读者对故事内容的理解。
1. 第一题考查船长如何获取水手的工资，通过阅读故事可知，船长是通过欺骗的方式获取水手的工资的。
2. 第二题要求找出正确的陈述，需要对比选项与故事内容，判断哪个陈述是真实的。
3. 第三题询问船长坚持认为火温暖了水手的原因，这需要从船长的动机和心理活动进行分析。
4. 第四题要求找出不真实的陈述，同样需要对比选项与故事内容。
5. 第五题是给故事起标题，需要概括故事的主题和核心内容。
【答案】：
1. C。根据故事内容，船长通过欺骗的方式获取水手的工资，所以选项C“by cheating them”是正确的。
2. D。在故事中，水手通过智慧揭露了船长的欺骗行为，并最终使船长承认失败，因此可以判断水手更聪明，选项D“It was the sailor who was cleverer”是正确的。
3. A。船长坚持认为火温暖了水手，是因为他不想输掉赌注，即不想把船给水手，所以选项A“didn't want to lose the bet”是正确的。
4. B。故事中提到渔民生火是为了自己取暖或烹饪，而不是为了帮助水手，所以选项B“In order to help the sailor in the water, the fishermen made a fire”是不真实的。
5. D。故事的核心是“火就是火”，这一句话贯穿了整个故事，体现了船长和水手之间的智慧较量，因此选项D“A fire is fire”是最合适的标题。