《2025年实验班全程提优训练高中英语选择性必修第二册外研版》

跨学科(2025·江苏淮安淮阴中学一模)阅读理解
主题语境:人与自然 语篇类型:说明文 建议用时:8min
Warming seas across the globe are endangering coral reefs(珊瑚礁), a key ecosystem that supports sea life to live and thrive(繁荣).
As a possible way to save them from extinction, scientists have recently frozen and revived(复苏) groups of adult corals for the first time, according to a recent study. Freezing biological materials, or "cryopreserving" them, refers to keeping them in a deep freeze for long periods without affecting the cell's viability(活性) according to the *Science Times* website. This method usually cools them to very low temperatures, commonly to $-196^{\circ}C$. Since cells would normally die at such a low temperature due to the formation of ice inside, scientists need to monitor the freezing rate and choose the freezing medium carefully.
Researchers in the US experimented with freezing pea-sized pieces of a common coral in Hawaii. After removing the microbes on the corals, they sealed(密封) the corals in metal containers filled with a chemical solution that partially dehydrated them and helped control ice growth.
When the corals reached a temperature of around $-200^{\circ}C$, the remaining water in the coral solidified into a glassy form. The corals were still alive, with their life-driving functions becoming extremely slow. After being cryopreserved for a few minutes, the researchers pulled the corals out and placed them in warm water. In two minutes, they started consuming oxygen—a sign of them staying alive.
Previously, researchers had already successfully cryopreserved coral larvae(幼虫) according to a study in 2018. However, the larvae can only be collected when corals spawn(产卵), which happens just a few nights each year. "That's putting a lot of eggs in one basket," US marine scientist Liza Roger told *Science News*.
"This breakthrough offers more hope to the world's corals," said Roger. However, there's more work to be done. A few days after melting, the corals became "stressed out" from the process and were killed by the bacteria they normally live in harmony with. The researchers are working on using antibiotics(抗生素) to help them survive for a longer period of time.
1. What is the purpose of the recent study?
A. To control coral growth.
B. To help preserve coral reefs.
C. To freeze and revive coral larvae.
D. To bring dead corals back to life.
2. What happened to the corals when they were cryopreserved?
A. They became lifeless.
B. They consumed more oxygen.
C. Their life functions slowed down.
D. They remained alive and unchanged.
3. What does Roger think about cryopreserving coral larvae?
A. It seems an unreliable solution.
B. It needs a large number of eggs.
C. It fuels more studies on the eggs.
D. It excites hope for restoring corals.
4. What may be the best title for the text?
A. To Live, or to Thrive
B. "Cool" Idea to Save Coral Reefs
C. Freezing "Life" from Distinction
D. Scientists Make an Unusual Discovery

答案： 1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段内容以及第二段中的“As a possible way to save them from extinction, scientists have recently frozen and revived(复苏) groups of adult corals for the first time, according to a recent study.”可知,科学家们通过冷冻技术尝试拯救珊瑚礁,使其免于灭绝。故选B。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“When the corals reached a temperature of around -200℃, the remaining water in the coral solidified into a glassy form. The corals were still alive, with their life-driving functions becoming extremely slow.”可知,冷冻保存时,珊瑚的生命机能变得极其缓慢。故选C。
3.A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“However, the larvae can only be collected when corals spawn(产卵), which happens just a few nights each year. ‘That's putting a lot of eggs in one basket,’ US marine scientist Liza Roger told Science News.”可推知,Liza Roger认为冷冻珊瑚幼虫的方法虽然有希望,但存在局限性(比如只能在珊瑚产卵的几天内收集幼虫)。因此她认为这种方法并不是一个完全可靠的解决方案。故选A。
4.B 主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是第二段中的“As a possible way to save them from extinction, scientists have recently frozen and revived(复苏) groups of adult corals for the first time, according to a recent study. Freezing biological materials, or ‘cryopreserving’ them, refers to keeping them in a deep freeze for long periods without affecting the cell's viability(活性) according to the Science Times website.”可知,整篇文章都在介绍一种新颖的方法——通过冷冻保存来拯救珊瑚礁,这个方法既“酷”又实际。所以“拯救珊瑚礁的‘酷’想法”适合做本文的标题。故选B。 →珊瑚礁是全文重点