《2025年小题狂做八年级英语上册译林版巅峰版》

一、完形填空
(南京中考)What does the word ecology mean? It was 1B by Ernst Haeckel, a German biologist. He joined two Greek words: oikos, meaning “house”, and logie, meaning “the study of”. Together they mean “the study of the house”. The “house” Haeckel had in mind is our 2A, Earth. Earth is home for all living things—humans, animals, plants, and even tiny microbes.
To study a house is to learn how its residents(居民) use it. An ecologist is a scientist who studies the 3B between organisms(生物) and their environment. The environment is an organism’s surroundings. It may 4C water, gases, rocks, and temperature.
Ecologists also study the balance of using the environment while protecting it.
An ecologist once asked a boy 5D he thought it meant to protect the environment.
The boy said, “You go into the forest and look for somebody who wants to cut down a tree. You take away his axe. You tell him about how 6D trees are. You say they are good for natural beauty, saving soil, and giving shelter to birds and other animals.”
“Good answer,” said the ecologist, “7A it may not be easy to find a woodcutter to talk to. Also, remember that sometimes it’s 8D to cut down a tree. If we cut down too many trees, the forest will disappear. If we don’t cut down any trees, we won’t get any resources from the forest. We have to find the right 9C.”
“I get it,” the boy said. “We need the forest’s 10B for wood and paper or we might not have desks or notebooks for school.”
“Exactly—and school is a good place to learn about ecology,” added the ecologist. “Then you will know how to protect the natural environment.”

答案： 1. B 提示:prove 意为“证明”;invent 意为“发明”;mark 意为“标记”;accept 意为“接受”。句意:它是由德国生物学家恩斯特·海克尔发明的。根据“He joined two Greek words...”可知，“ecology”这个单词是由德国生物学家恩斯特·海克尔发明的。
2. A 提示:planet 意为“行星”;building 意为“建筑”;project 意为“项目”;surface 意为“表面”。根据空后的“Earth”可知选 planet。
3. B 提示:feeling 意为“感觉”;relationship 意为“关系”;distance 意为“距离”;competition 意为“比赛”。根据常识可知,生态学家是研究生物与环境之间相互关系的科学家。
4. C 提示:pollute 意为“污染”;control 意为“控制”;include 意为“包括”;reduce 意为“减少”。句意:环境可能包括水、气体、岩石和温度。
5. D 提示:句意:一次,一位生态学家问一个男孩在他心中保护环境意味着什么。
6. D 提示:wild 意为“野外的”;common 意为“普遍的”;wealthy 意为“富有的”;important 意为“重要的”。根据“You say they are good for natural beauty, saving soil, and giving shelter to birds and other animals.”可知,此处是指告诉他树木的重要性。
7. A 提示:根据“Good answer”以及“it may not be easy to find a woodcutter to talk to.”可知,此处表示转折,应用连词 but。句意:但找一个樵夫谈话可能并不容易。
8. D 提示:comfortable 意为“舒服的”;tiring 意为“累的”;impossible 意为“不可能的”;necessary 意为“必要的”。根据“If we don't cut down any trees, we won't get any resources from the forest.”可知,有时候砍树也是必要的。
9. C 提示:mystery 意为“秘密”;temperature 意为“温度”;balance 意为“平衡”;symbol 意为“标志”。根据“If we cut down too many trees, the forest will disappear. If we don't cut down any trees, we won't get any resources from the forest.”可知,我们必须在滥砍滥伐和完全不砍树之间找到平衡。
10. B 提示:soil 意为“土壤”;resource 意为“资源”;landscape 意为“风景”;wildlife 意为“野生动物”。句意:我们需要森林的资源来获取木材和纸张,否则我们上学时就可能没有课桌或笔记本。