《2025年小题狂做高中英语必修第三册译林版》

一、阅读理解
[ 江苏扬州中学期中] Note even the sea is safe from the glare( 强光) of humans’ light at night. Researchers published the first global maps of ocean light pollution. It shows large parts of the sea lit up at night. And that risks confusing or disrupting the behaviours of sea life.
Tim Smyth led a team to research where in the water this glow is strongest. Smyth and his colleagues started with a world map of man-made night-sky brightness that had been created in 2016. Then they added data on the ocean and atmosphere. Some data came from shipboard measurements of man-made light in the water. Others came from satellite images that judge how clear the water is. Particles( 微粒) in the water, such as tiny floating plants and animals, can affect how far downward light travels. These factors vary from place to place and may change with the seasons. The team also used computers to copy how different wavelengths of light move through water.
Next, they wanted to know how that underwater light might affect animals. Not all species will be easily affected. The team focused on copepods( 桡足亚纲甲壳动物). These common creatures are a key part of many ocean food webs. They use light as a signal to move all together to the dark deep, seeking safety from other surface predators( 捕食者). Normally they use the sun or the winter moon as their signal. Too much man-made light can mess up their usual patterns.
Light pollution is strongest in about three feet of the water. Here, man-made light can be strong enough to confuse the copepods. Nearly 2 million square kilometres of ocean get such strong night light. That’s an area about the size of Mexico. Farther down, the light gets weaker. But even 65 feet deep, it’s still bright enough to bother copepods across 840,000 square kilometres of ocean.
The team described its findings December 13 in Elementa : Science of the Anthropocene.
(A) 1. Which of the following best explains the underlined word “disrupting” in Paragraph 1?
A. Upsetting.
B. Observing.
C. Ensuring.
D. Protecting.
(B) 2. What do we know about copepods from the passage?
A. They are not affected by underwater light.
B. They can escape attacks with the help of light.
C. They are main eaters of other creatures.
D. They can weaken the effect of man-made light.
(B) 3. How does the author show the seriousness of light pollution in Paragraph 4?
A. By stating opinions.
B. By listing numbers.
C. By raising questions.
D. By giving reasons.
(D) 4. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Light Pollution from Sea Life
B. Living Conditions of Copepods
C. Discoveries of Copepods
D. Light Pollution Even in Sea

答案： 1 A 词义猜测题
【关键句】It shows large parts of the sea lit up at night. And that risks confusing or disrupting the behaviours of sea life.
释义:它显示了在夜间被照亮的大部分海洋。这可能会搅乱或扰乱海洋生物的行为。
【解析】根据画线词所在句中的confusing可知，光污染对海洋生物的行为造成了不好的影响。四个选项中只有upset(打乱，搅乱)符合此处的逻辑关系。故选A项。
2 B 细节理解题
【关键句】They use light as a signal to move all together to the dark deep, seeking safety from other surface predators.
释义:它们利用光作为信号，一起向黑暗深处移动，寻求远离其他海面捕食者的安全地方。
【解析】根据关键句可知，桡足亚纲甲壳动物可以利用光躲避其他生物的攻击。故选B项。
3 B 推理判断题
【关键句】Nearly 2 million square kilometres of ocean get such strong night light. That’s an area about the size of Mexico. Farther down, the light gets weaker. But even 65 feet deep, it’s still bright enough to bother copepods across 840,000 square kilometres of ocean.
释义:近200万平方千米的海洋上有如此强烈的夜光。那是一个和墨西哥差不多大的区域。越往下，光线越弱。但即使在65英尺深处，它的亮度仍然足以让84万平方千米海洋中的桡足亚纲甲壳动物感到困扰。
【解析】根据关键句可知，作者利用具体的数据，如200万平方千米、65英尺和84万平方千米，向读者展示了光污染的严重性。由此可见，作者在第四段用了列数字的说明方法。故选B项。
4 D 标题概括题
【解析】根据全文内容可知，第一段总起全文，引出文章的话题——海洋光污染研究，第二段到第四段是对该研究的具体介绍，最后一段指出研究发表的时间和地点。由此可见，D项“即使是海洋也有光污染”最能概括全文，适合作为本文的标题。故选D项。