《2025年小题狂做高中英语必修第三册译林版》

三、语法填空
[2025江苏南京六校联合体期中]Natural disasters are events caused by natural phenomena, resulting in significant property damage, environmental destruction, 1 (injure) and even loss of life. These disasters at large 2 (classify) into weather- and climate-driven events and earth-driven events.
Weather-related disasters often result from extreme weather conditions, among 3 heavy rainfall from hurricanes and typhoons gives rise to severe flooding. Earth-driven disasters, on the other hand, originate from geological processes. Volcanic eruptions release lava flows and 4 (poison) gases, endangering surrounding communities.
The impact of natural disasters extends beyond immediate destruction, destroying economies and leaving people homeless. After such events, when 5 (face) with challenges in providing emergency relief, rebuilding infrastructure( 基础设施), and supporting affected residents, communities are always on the go. Worse still, 6 (follow) a disaster, many victims will suffer from long-term mental problems.
7 we cannot prevent these events, we can take active steps to prepare for them and minimize their impact.
In an attempt 8 (relieve) the effects of natural disasters, societies must make good preparations, including early warning systems which will keep residents informed 9 potential disasters, emergency response plans and disaster-resistant buildings. Additionally, education and awareness campaigns can help communities have 10 better understanding of the risks and how to respond effectively.
1.injury/injuries 2.are classified 3.which 4.poisonous 5.faced
6.following 7.While/Though/Although 8.to relieve 9.of/about 10.a

答案： 三、语法填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自然灾害的分类、带来的影响，以及人们可以采取的应对和预防措施。
1．injury/injuries 考查名词。此处与property damage、environmental destruction和loss of life并列，作介词in的宾语，应用名词形式。injure的名词是injury，此处可以表示抽象的“受伤”，填injury，也可指具体的受伤情况，填injuries。
2．are classified 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此处描述的是事实，时态用一般现在时。动词classify和主语These disasters之间是被动关系，动词用被动语态。主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are classified。
3．which 考查定语从句。分析句子成分可知，空处在介词among后，与among一起引导非限制性定语从句。先行词是extreme weather conditions，指物，关系词在从句中作介词among的宾语。故填which。
4．poisonous 考查形容词。修饰名词gases应用形容词，作定语。故填poisonous。
5．faced 考查状语从句的省略。当状语从句的主语与主句主语一致且从句中含有be动词时，可省略从句的主语和be动词。该句中，when引导的时间状语从句省略了communities are，完整的句子为“After such events, when communities are faced with ... communities are always on the go.”。be faced with为固定搭配，意为“面对，面临”。故填faced。
6．following 考查介词。此处表示“在一场灾难之后”，空处应填介词与空后的a disaster构成时间状语。故填following。following在此处为介词，意为“在(某事)以后”。
7．While/Though/Although 考查连词。句意：尽管我们无法阻止这些事件，但我们可以采取积极的措施做好准备，并将其影响降到最低。根据句意和句子成分可知，此处需填表示让步关系的连词。故填While或Though或Although。
8．to relieve 考查非谓语动词。in an attempt to do sth是固定用法，意为“试图做某事”。故填to relieve。
【知识链接】
在抽象名词如ability、desire、determination、decision、plan、way、attempt或不定代词something、nothing等后面，常用不定式作后置定语。
9．of/about 考查介词。keep sb informed of/about sth为固定用法，意为“及时告知某人某事”。故填of或about。
10．a 考查冠词。have a better understanding of是固定用法，意为“对……有更好的理解”。故填a。