《2025年小题狂做高中英语必修第三册译林版》

一、阅读理解
[安徽“皖南八校”开学考]Due to climate change and changes in land use, wildfires are predicted to rise by up to 14 percent by 2030, 30 percent by 2050 and 50 percent by the end of this century, and even areas once considered safe from major fires such as the Arctic, will “very likely” experience a major increase in burning, according to a new report by the UN Environment Programme( UNEP).
The report, Spreading like Wildfire: The Rising Threat of Extraordinary Landscape Fires, says that wildfires and climate change are “mutually exacerbating”. Wildfires are made more serious by climate change through increased drought, high air temperatures, low humidity, lightning, and strong winds. Meanwhile, climate change is made worse by wildfires, mostly by damaging sensitive and carbon-rich ecosystems like rainforests.
Wildfires can threaten people’s health and lives, pollute water, destroy crops and reduce land available to grow food. Costs of rebuilding after areas are struck by wildfires can be beyond the means of low-income countries. Wildlife, as well as natural habitats, is also rarely spared. All these slow progress towards the UN Sustainable Development Goals.
While the situation “is certainly extreme, it is not yet hopeless”. The publication calls on governments to adopt a new “Fire Ready Formula”, with two-thirds of spending devoted to planning, prevention, preparedness, and recovery, with one-third left for response. Currently, direct responses to wildfires typically receive over half of related expenditures( 开支), while planning and prevention receive less than one percent. “We have to minimize the risk of extreme wildfires by being better prepared: invest more in fire risk reduction and change from passive response to prevention and preparedness,” said Inger Andersen, UNEP Executive Director.
Setting up data and science-based monitoring systems, strengthening regional and international cooperation, restoring ecosystems and thinning forests around areas where nature and human living spaces meet are just a few suggested examples of investments into prevention, preparedness and recovery.
(D) 1. Why does the author speak of the Arctic?
A. To introduce the climate change of it.
B. To stress the importance of protecting it.
C. To warn people of the wildfire damage.
D. To show the rising tendency of wildfires.
(C) 2. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A. Wildfire control.
B. Rebuilding costs.
C. The possible damage.
D. The slowing progress.
(B) 3. Which might be an example of investments( 投资) into prevention and preparedness?
A. Surrounding busy towns with thick forests.
B. Restoring wetlands as well as wildlife species.
C. Investing more money in putting out wildfires.
D. Fitting cameras to strengthen regional cooperation.
(A) 4. What can we learn from the report?
A. Wildfires and climate change worsen each other.
B. The researchers are pessimistic about wildfire control.
C. Prevention receives half of related spending currently.
D. Many governments have adopted “Fire Ready Formula”.

答案： 一、阅读理解
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了野火的发生率将不断增加的趋势、野火的危害以及应对措施。
1. D 推理判断题
【关键句】Due to climate change and changes in land use, wildfires are predicted to rise by up to 14 percent by 2030, 30 percent by 2050 and 50 percent by the end of this century, and even areas once considered safe from major fires such as the Arctic, will “very likely” experience a major increase in burning, according to a new report by the UN Environment Programme(UNEP).
释义：根据联合国环境规划署（UNEP）的一份新报告，由于气候变化和土地利用的变化，预计到2030年，野火的发生率将最高可能增加14%，到2050年将最高可能增加30%，到21世纪末将最高可能增加50%，而且即使是曾经被认为不会发生重大火灾的地区，如北极地区，火灾也“很可能”大幅增加。
【解析】根据关键句可知，作者首先用列数字的手法介绍了野火的发生率将不断增加的趋势，然后以北极为例，强调曾经被认为不会发生重大火灾的地区也可能经历越来越频繁的野火。由此可见，作者提及北极是为了说明野火不断增加的趋势。故选D项。
2. C 段落大意题
【关键句】Wildfires can threaten people’s health and lives, pollute water, destroy crops and reduce land available to grow food. Costs of rebuilding after areas are struck by wildfires can be beyond the means of low-income countries. Wildlife, as well as natural habitats, is also rarely spared.
释义：野火会威胁人们的健康和生命，污染水源，破坏农作物，减少可用于种植粮食的土地。地区遭受野火袭击后的重建成本可能超出低收入国家的承受能力。野生动植物和自然栖息地也很少能幸免。
【解析】根据关键句可知，第三段主要介绍了野火对人类、环境、农作物、农耕地、经济和野生动植物的不良影响。概括可知，第三段主要是关于野火可能造成的损害。故选C项。
3. B 推理判断题
【解析】由题干中的关键词investments可定位到最后一段。由最后一段中的restoring ecosystems可知，恢复生态系统属于对预防和准备进行投资的例子。选项中只有B项“恢复湿地和野生动植物物种”是恢复生态系统的举措。故选B项。
4. A 细节理解题
【关键句】The report, Spreading like Wildfire: The Rising Threat of Extraordinary Landscape Fires, says that wildfires and climate change are “mutually exacerbating”. Wildfires are made more serious by climate change ... Meanwhile, climate change is made worse by wildfires ...
释义：这份名为《像野火一样蔓延：极端火灾与日俱增的威胁》的报告称，野火和气候变化正“相互加剧”。气候变化使野火更加严重……与此同时，野火加剧了气候变化……
【解析】由关键句可知，野火和气候变化正在相互影响并彼此加剧。故选A项。