《2025年小题狂做高中英语选择性必修第四册译林版》

A
[江苏徐州期末]Brad Thomas，a New York City-based recruiter(招聘者)，reads hundreds of résumés(简历)every month. Lately he has noticed that along with schools，skills and past employers，people are listing their fitness achievements.
More than a conversation starter，sports achievements can be a way to highlight workplace-valued qualities. "They help beautify your résumé and make it more impressive. And it would be better if your fitness efforts are related to the job，"says Thomas.
Eliot Kaplan，a 28-year-old creative，added his Boston Marathon run to his résumé when he was looking for a new job. He also spelled out that he played college tennis and completed Spartan races，which are muddy obstacle course runs. The purpose，he says，was to show that he likes to be competitive and takes a work-hard，play-hard attitude towards life.
However，not everyone agrees. A few job applicants said bosses might worry that they weren't able to go above or beyond because they spent so much time on sports. Kamille Fajardo，a 32-year-old tax adviser，recently ran the Chicago Marathon but says she would never add it to a résumé. "It's a personal achievement rather than a professional one，"she says.
"The more senior the job seeker，the less likely they are to include fitness—or any nonwork interests—on their résumé，"says John Major，vice president of Norgay Partners，an executive search firm in Los Angeles.
(A)1. What is Thomas' attitudes to including fitness achievements?
A. Supportive.
B. Doubtful.
C. Objective.
D. Unclear.
(D)2. What does the underlined phrase "go above or beyond" probably mean?
A. Gain trust.
B. Get employed.
C. Earn respect.
D. Achieve more.
(B)3. Why is Fajardo unwilling to mention her marathon race?
A. It is not a satisfying result.
B. It is not related to her work.
C. It will be unfair for other job hunters.
D. It will let out her personal information.
(B)4. Who is most likely to include fitness achievements?
A. Senior managers.
B. University students.
C. College teachers.
D. Experienced engineers.

答案：
【语篇结构分析】
提出现象（第1段） 招聘者Brad Thomas发现人们会在简历中列出自己的健身成就
支持观点 体育成就可突出求职者的职场品质、美化简历并增加印象分
举例：Eliot Kaplan将马拉松等成绩写入简历，展示了他的竞争意识和拼搏态度
在简历中列健身成就 正反观点（第2至4段）
反对观点 老板可能会担心求职者因运动影响工作表现
体育成绩是个人而非职业成就，不应写入简历
总结（第5段） 资历越深的求职者在简历中列出健身等非工作兴趣的可能性越小

【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了求职者是否应该在简历中展示个人的健身成就。
1. A 观点态度题
【关键句】“They help beautify your résumé and make it more impressive. And it would be better if your fitness efforts are related to the job,” says Thomas.
释义：Thomas表示：“它们有助于美化你的简历，使其更让人印象深刻。如果你的健身成就与职位相关，那就更好了。”
【解析】根据关键句可知，Thomas认为健身成就能够美化简历。由此可推知，他对在简历中包含健身成就持支持态度。故选A项。
2. D 词义猜测题
【关键句】A few job applicants said bosses might worry that they weren’t able to go above or beyond because they spent so much time on sports.
释义：部分求职者表示，老板们可能会担心他们将过多时间放在体育运动上，因此无法在工作中实现超越和突破。
【解析】根据关键句并结合常识可推知，老板们担心求职者们花费太多时间在体育运动上而不能在工作中超越常规工作要求，做得更多、更好。由此可推知，画线短语指“超越常规工作要求，在工作中实现超越和突破”，与D项“取得更多成就”的语义相匹配。故选D项。
3. B 细节理解题
【关键句】“It’s a personal achievement rather than a professional one,” she says.
释义：她说：“这是一项个人成就，而不是职业成就。”
【解析】根据关键句可知，Kamille Fajardo认为马拉松是个人成就，与工作无关，因而不愿意在简历中提及。故选B项。
4. B 推理判断题
【关键句】“The more senior the job seeker, the less likely they are to include fitness—or any nonwork interests—on their résumé,” says John Major, vice president of Norgay Partners, an executive search firm in Los Angeles.
释义：洛杉矶猎头公司Norgay Partners的副总裁John Major指出：“求职者的资历越深，他们在简历中包含健身成就或其他非工作兴趣的可能性就越小。”
【解析】根据关键句可推知，资历浅的求职者更有可能在简历中包含健身成就，故大学生最有可能在简历中包含健身成就。故选B项。
【重点词积累】
beautify v. 美化
creative n. 搞创作的人（熟词生义）
competitive adj. 好胜的；有竞争力的
spell out 详细说明

B
[江苏怀仁中学阶段检测]The conventional language of career success moves in only one direction：up. If you really succeed，you reach the top. But there is another type of career path. Sideways moves without a promotion or a pay rise can be a benefit to employees and organizations alike.
A study carried out by Donald Sull of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and his co-authors in 2021 found that the availability of lateral(横向的)career opportunities has a marked impact on keeping employees. When they decided whether to stay in the company or not，chances to move sideways were two and a half times more important than pay. Another paper，by Xin Jin of the University of South Florida and Michael Waldman of Cornell University，concluded that lateral moves did not just benefit organizations：employees who experienced them were more likely to be promoted and to enjoy higher wage growth later in their careers than employees who did not. You can move up by first moving sideways.
The crab-like(螃蟹般的)career has other things going for it. One is that it is a good way to learn new things. As hiring processes increasingly emphasize skills，employers are likely to put comparatively less emphasis on CVs and comparatively more weight on what you know. Messrs Jin and Waldman reason that the upper ranks of companies tend to be people whose capabilities are broad，not deep；that may explain why lateral moves are good for promotion prospects. Along with skills come contacts. Transferring between teams usually means building a bigger internal network. Opening the door to more lateral moves is partly a practical matter. Some bigger employers have "internal talent marketplaces" in which employees can find and apply for jobs elsewhere in the company；smaller firms have fewer such opportunities to offer.
Embracing sideways movement also requires the right attitude. Lots of managers like to keep talent to themselves，at the expense of workers and firms. And moving sideways still has less cachet(声望)than moving upwards. Most people find it not so easy to accept.
(B)1. How does the author develop Paragraph 2?
A. By telling personal stories.
B. By providing research findings.
C. By comparing different career paths.
D. By making remarks on scientific reports.
(C)2. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Lateral moves involve gaining new skills.
B. Lateral moves are mainly for networking purposes.
C. Transferring between teams leads to a larger network.
D. Contacts are more important than skills in lateral moves.
(C)3. What do many managers think of lateral career moves?
A. They are a way to keep talent within the company.
B. They are seen as a threat to the manager's own positions.
C. They could potentially lead to talent loss within the team.
D. They could contribute to the company's growth in the long run.
(B)4. Who may embrace lateral moves?
A. Bosses who value short-term profits.
B. Employees who are eager for more skills.
C. Managers who appreciate long-term stability.
D. Job hunters who are interested in smaller firms.

答案： 【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了横向职业调动对员工和公司的好处以及实现这种调动所面临的问题。
1. B 推理判断题
【关键句1】A study carried out by Donald Sull of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and his co-authors in 2021 found that the availability of lateral career opportunities has a marked impact on keeping employees.
释义：麻省理工学院的Donald Sull和他的合著者们在2021年进行的一项研究发现，横向职业机会对留住员工有着显著影响。
【关键句2】Another paper, by Xin Jin of the University of South Florida and Michael Waldman of Cornell University, concluded that lateral moves did not just benefit organizations: employees who experienced them were more likely to be promoted and to enjoy higher wage growth later in their careers than employees who did not.
释义：另一篇由南佛罗里达大学的Xin Jin和康奈尔大学的Michael Waldman撰写的论文得出的结论是，横向调动不仅对组织有益：相比于那些没有经历过横向调动的员工，经历过横向调动的员工在以后的职业生涯中更有可能被提拔，并且更有可能享有更高的工资增长。
【解析】根据关键句可知，在第二段中，作者引用了Donald Sull及其合著者的研究以及Xin Jin和Michael Waldman的研究发现来证明横向调动对组织和个人都有利。故选B项。
2. C 句义猜测题
【关键句1】The crab-like career has other things going for it. One is that it is a good way to learn new things.
释义：螃蟹式职业生涯还有其他优点。其中之一是，它是学习新事物的好方法。
【关键句2】Transferring between teams usually means building a bigger internal network.
释义：团队之间的调动通常意味着建立一个更大的内部人脉网络。
【解析】通读第三段可知，画线句上文讲了横向职业调动有助于员工学习新知识，促进个人技能的提高，画线句下文讲了横向职业调动可以促进人脉关系扩展。由此可见，画线句承上启下，涉及横向职业调动的两方面好处：获得新技能和扩展人脉关系。画线句应理解为“团队之间的横向调动除了提升技能之外，还扩展了人脉关系，带来了更大的内部人脉网络”，这样才能达到承上启下的效果。故选C项。
3. C 推理判断题
【关键句】Lots of managers like to keep talent to themselves, at the expense of workers and firms.
释义：许多经理喜欢以牺牲员工和公司的利益为代价，把人才留在自己身边。
【解析】由关键句可知，许多经理喜欢把人才留在自己身边，而横向职业调动意味着员工调换到其他工作岗位，不留在经理身边。由此可推知，许多经理会认为横向职业调动可能导致团队内部的人才流失。故选C项。
4. B 推理判断题
【关键句】One is that it is a good way to learn new things.
释义：其中之一是，它是学习新事物的好方法。
【解析】由关键句可知，横向职业调动提供了学习新事物的好机会，所以热衷于获得更多技能的员工可能会欢迎横向调动。故选B项。