《2026年山东省中考试卷精选九年级英语》

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
About 2,500 years ago, there was a big battle near the town of Marathon in Greece(希腊). Greece won the battle and the Greek soldier(士兵) Pheidippides ran from Marathon to Athens 34. to tell (tell) their victory. This was about forty kilometers long. When he arrived in Athens, he shouted, “We 35. have won (win)!” and then immediately died!
When the first modern Olympic Games started in Greece in 1896, they celebrated the legend of Pheidippides with a race from Marathon Bridge to the Olympic Stadium in Athens. They called this race a marathon. Seventeen competitors took part, 36. but only eight finished the race. In 1908, the Olympic Games were in London. The marathon was 42.195 kilometers long, and a few years later, this became the official length(官方长度).
There 37. are (be) thousands of marathons in different countries every year. People run marathons because they like taking part in competitions, or 38. simply (simple) because they love running. Once in Greenland, there was a marathon on ice. And an English man once walked a marathon underwater in Loch Ness, Scotland. It 39. took (take) him twelve days!
According to the latest notice from the Weihai government, a marathon 40. will be held (hold) on November 9th,2025. This time, the event will include a full marathon, a half marathon and a fun run. The government plans to interest 20,000 41. runners (run) to take part in it.
34. to tell 35. have won 36. but 37. are
38. simply 39. took 40. will be held 41. runners

答案： 34.to tell [解析] 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处表示希腊士兵Pheidippides从马拉松跑到雅典的目的是告知胜利的消息,用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to tell。
35.have won [解析] 考查动词的时态。结合语境可知,士兵到达雅典后喊出“我们赢了”,强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响(即胜利的结果已产生),应用现在完成时。主语是We,助动词用have,win的过去分词是won。故填have won。
36.but [解析] 考查连词的用法。前半句“十七名参赛者参加”与后半句“只有八人完成比赛”之间是转折关系,应用but连接。故填but。
37.are [解析] 考查there be句型。根据时间状语“every year”可知,本句时态为一般现在时;主语“thousands of marathons”是复数,be动词用are。故填are。
38.simply [解析] 考查副词的用法。此处修饰连词because引导的原因状语从句,应用simple的副词形式simply,意为“仅仅，只是”。故填simply。
39.took [解析] 考查动词的时态。根据前一句“And an English man once walked a marathon underwater in Loch Ness, Scotland.”中的“once”(曾经)可知,本句描述的是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。故填took。
40.will be held [解析] 考查动词的语态。根据时间状语“on November 9th, 2025”可知,本句时态为一般将来时;主语“a marathon”与动词hold之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。一般将来时的被动语态结构为“will be+过去分词”,hold的过去分词是held。故填will be held。
41.runners [解析] 考查名词的用法。赛跑者是名词,根据空前的“20,000”可知,此处应用run的名词runner(跑步者)的复数形式。故填runners。
动词转化为名词，一般在动词的结尾加-er，重读闭音节结尾的动词要双写末尾的字母；一些动词转换为名词要加-or，如visitor

根据所给情境和汉语完成句子。
火在人类文明发展进程中起着重要作用。
42. 你知道人类最早是怎么取火的吗？
Do you know how people made fire/ how fire was made in the earliest times?
43. 那时候,人们发现自然火很难保存。
At that time, people found it difficult to keep natural fire.
44. 他们经过不断尝试,最终找到了方法。
They finally found the way by keeping trying.
45. 自那以后,人们学会了用火做饭、取暖、保护自己。
Since then/From then on, people have learned how to cook, keep warm and protect themselves with fire.
46. 但是如果不小心谨慎,火就会给我们带来危险。
But if we are not careful, fire will bring danger to us.
47. 我们要安全用火,珍爱生命。
We should/are supposed to use fire safely and value our lives.

答案： 42.Do you know how people made fire/ how fire was made in the earliest times? [解析] 考查汉译英。根据汉语提示可知,这是一个how引导的宾语从句。宾语从句必须用陈述语序。根据句意可知,从句用一般过去时的主动语态(人如何取火)或被动语态(火如何被取),“取火”可表达为“make fire”;“最早”可表达为“in the earliest times”。连词成句可知答案。
43.At that time, people found it difficult to keep natural fire. [解析] 考查汉译英。根据汉语提示可知,这是一个简单句。“在那时”可表达为“at that time”;根据时间状语可知,“人们发现自然火很难保存”应用一般过去时,“主语+find it+adj.+to do sth”是固定结构,表示“发现做某事……样”;“保存自然火”可表达为“keep natural fire”。连词成句可知答案。
44.They finally found the way by keeping trying. [解析] 考查汉译英。根据汉语提示可知,这是一个简单句,时态用一般过去时。“不断尝试”可表达为“keep trying”;“最终找到了方法”可表达为“finally found the way”。连词成句可知答案。
45.Since then/From then on, people have learned how to cook, keep warm and protect themselves with fire. [解析] 考查汉译英。根据汉语提示可知,这是一个简单句。“自那以后”是固定短语“Since then/ From then on”。根据时间状语可知,本句用现在完成时,“学会了”可表达为“have learned”;“如何做饭、取暖和保护自己”可表达为“how+动词不定式”结构,“用火”可表达为“with fire”。连词成句可知答案。
46.But if we are not careful, fire will bring danger to us. [解析] 考查汉译英。根据汉语提示可知,本句为if引导的条件状语从句,主句用一般现在时,从句用一般将来时。“但是”用转折连词but,“小心谨慎”可表达为“be careful”;“给……带来危险”可表达为“bring danger to”。连词成句可知答案。
47.We should/are supposed to use fire safely and value our lives. [解析] 考查汉译英。根据汉语提示可知,本句用一般现在时。“应该”可表达为“should/ be supposed to”;“用火”可表达为“use fire”;“安全”在此处修饰动词,应用副词safely;“珍惜我们的生命”可表达为“value our lives”。连词成句可知答案。