《2025年学霸组合训练八年级英语下册译林版苏州专版》

二、阅读理解
|题目|体裁|字数|难度|建议用时|实际用时|正确率|
| ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- |
|大数据的用途|说明文|344|★★★★|8分钟|____分钟|____/4|

Big data(数据) is a lot of sets of information that are put together so they can be used by a computer programme. The computer programme looks for different kinds of patterns in the data. Big data includes information collected from many sources(来源), such as information from schools, social media sites, companies and governments. One set of data may include people’s names and addresses. Another set can have what they like, where they go to school, and how much time they spend on the computer.

Big data can be used in many ways. The government uses it to understand how many people travel on buses or trains. This information is then used to make bus or train systems better. Some schools use big data to understand which children may need extra help in class. The teacher can then give certain students more help or support so they can succeed in school. Companies use big data too. It helps them understand who buys their products. For example, one company uses weather data to see when people eat the most ice cream.

Big data can be used for good reasons. Some hospitals use big data to predict if a baby who is born too early will get sick. The hospital can then take extra steps to take care of that baby so he or she does not get sick. Big data can also be used for bad reasons. It can be used to predict which kinds of people are likely to break the law or hurt others, even if they have not done anything wrong yet.

How can big data be used both for good and bad things? It is because the computer programmes are written by people. How people think will decide how they use the data. People think in a certain way and they build models based on their ideas. These models will decide how computer programmes look at the data. Good ideas are helpful for people and businesses while bad ideas can cause problems for certain groups of people.
(　　　)1. How does the writer show his ideas in Paragraph 2?
A. By showing numbers. B. By giving examples.
C. By telling stories. D. By making comparisons(对比).
(　　　)2. What does the underlined word “predict” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese?
A. 证明 B. 防止 C. 预测 D. 治疗
(　　　)3. Why can big data be used for both good and bad reasons?
A. Because big data can help take care of babies as well as predict who is going to hurt others.
B. Because some programmes are good for people while some are bad.
C. Because the information included in big data comes from different places.
D. Because the people who write computer programmes have different ways of thinking.
(　　　)4. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Big data, good or bad? B. Facts about big data
C. Big data—best helper D. People behind big data

答案： 答案速递
阅读理解 1~4 BCDB
二、阅读理解
[文章大意]本文是一篇说明文,向我们说明了什么是大数据。文中列举了很多使用大数据的方式，既有好的方面，也有不好的方面。
1. B 推理判断题。根据“The government”“Some schools”“Companies”可知，是通过举例的方式来表达作者的观点，故选 B。
2. C 词义猜测题。根据“Some hospitals use big data to predict if a baby who is born too early will get sick. The hospital can then take extra steps to take care of that baby so he or she does not get sick.”可知，医院用大数据是为了预测一个早产儿是否有可能生病，这样就能够采取额外的措施来照顾这个婴儿，故选 C。
3. D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“How can big data be used both for good and bad things? ... programmes are written by people. How people think will decide how they use the data.”可知，是因为编写计算机程序的人有不同的思维方式，故选 D。
4. B 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲了大数据的概念及大数据的使用，也列举了使用大数据的方式，既有好的方面，也有不好的方面，所以 B 选项“关于大数据的事实”符合本文标题，故选 B。