《2026年天利38套中考试题精选英语成都专版》

三、短文填空 从下面方框中选出10个单词,将其正确形式填入短文,使短文意思正确通顺(每词限用一次)。(共10小题;每小题1分,计10分)
call carry communication friend join make punish slow strictly survive travel until
In 1804, Meriwether Lewis and William Clark, 1 made an important journey through what is now Missouri, Iowa, Nebraska, and South Dakota.
In three boats, they took more than 40 people and many things including food, instruments, medicine and books. They packed 4 600 sewing needles, 144 pairs of scissors and 130 rolls of tobacco to give to Native Americans. Also, they made 2 strict rules. If people broke them, they would get serious 3 punishment(s). They traveled westward 4 slowly, only a few miles every day, because they had to row their boats on the river.
In November they reached Knife River Village. There they met a young Shoshone Native American woman 5 called Sacagawea and her fur-trader husband. The couple 6 joined them on the journey and translated the language of the local tribes(部落) for Lewis and Clark’s men. Sacagawea prevented 7 unfriendly relations with other tribes simply by being with the group.
Sacagawea also helped them get food and horses. She showed them where places were and how 8 to survive there, especially in the very cold winter. She searched for eatable plants and herbs(草药), 9 carrying her newborn baby on her back all the way.
After meeting Sacagawea and her husband, they traveled west, 15 to 20 miles a day on foot and by boat, toward the mountains. They wouldn't see the Pacific Ocean 10 until November 1805—over a year after they first left Missouri.

答案： 1.made [解析]一般过去时。根据空后的an important journey可知，此处需搭配动词表示“开启旅程”，make a journey为固定短语。根据时间状语In 1804可知，此处时态应用一般过去时，所以应用make的过去式made。
2.strict [解析]词性转换(adv.→adj.)。此处表示他们制订了严格的规则，选词strictly。分析句子结构可知，此处需用形容词strict修饰名词rules。
3.punishment(s) [解析]词性转换(v.→n.)(和名词的数)。根据空前的“If people broke them”及备选词可知，此处指他们将受到严重的惩罚，选词punish。get后接名词作宾语，应用punishment。此处既可表示抽象概念，用作不可数名词；也可表示泛指(多种)惩罚，用作可数名词，应用其复数形式punishments。
4.slowly [解析]词性转换(adj./v.→adv.)。根据语境可知，此处表示他们行进速度缓慢，每天仅行进数英里，选词slow。此处应用slow的副词形式slowly作状语，修饰动词traveled。
5.called [解析]动词的-ed形式。此处表示一个名为Sacagawea的女子，选词call。被修饰语a young Shoshone Native American woman与动词call之间构成动宾关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语，所以应用call的过去分词形式called。
6.joined [解析]一般过去时。根据空后的“and translated the language of the local tribes(部落)for Lewis and Clark’s men”及语境可知，这对夫妇加入了这支探险队，选词join。此处描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，所以应用join的过去式joined。
7.unfriendly [解析]词性转换(n.→adj.)。根据语境可知，此处指Sacagawea通过随探险队(一起行进)防止了他们与其他部落的不友好关系，选词friend。此处应用形容词unfriendly修饰名词relations。
8.to survive [解析]动词不定式。此处表示“如何在那里生存”，选词survive。此处为“疑问词+不定式”结构，故此处应用to survive。
9.carrying [解析]动词的-ing形式。此处表示一路上背着她刚出生的宝宝，选词carry。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词。主语She与动词carry之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词形式，作伴随状语。
10.until [解析]连词。此处表示他们直到1805年11月才见到太平洋，选词until。固定搭配not…until意为“直到……才……”。
评分标准:以上每小题1分；意思正确给0.5分，形式正确再加0.5分。