《2025年实验班全程提优训练高中英语必修第二册人教版》

阅读理解
【素养解读】人工智能(Artificial Intelligence),英文缩写为 AI,是研究、开发用于模拟、延伸和扩展人的智能的理论、方法、技术及应用系统的一门新的技术科学。人工智能是一门极富挑战性的科学,它包括十分广泛的内容,它由不同的领域组成,如机器学习、计算机视觉等等。本文通过对人工智能实现的可能性进行研究,让学生在思维品质方面得到丰富和学习,进而更好地了解人工智能这门前沿科学。
新情境 Certain forms of AI are indeed becoming ubiquitous. For example, algorithms carry out huge volumes of trading on our financial markets, self - driving cars are appearing on city streets, and our smartphones are translating from one language into another. These systems are sometimes faster and more perceptive than we humans are. But so far that is only true for the specific tasks for which the systems have been designed. That is something that some AI developers are now eager to change.
Some of today’s AI pioneers want to move on from today’s world of “weak” or “narrow” AI, to create “strong” or “full” AI, or what is often called artificial general intelligence (AGI). In some respects, today’s powerful computing machines already make our brains look weak. AGI could, its advocates say, work for us around the clock, and drawing on all available data, could suggest solutions to many problems. DM, a company focused on the development of AGI, has an ambition to “solve intelligence”. “If we’re successful,” their mission statement reads, “we believe this will be one of the most important and widely beneficial scientific advances ever made.”
Since the early days of AI, imagination has outpaced what is possible or even probable. In 1965, an imaginative mathematician called Irving Good predicted the eventual creation of an “ultra - intelligent machine... that can far surpass all the intellectual activities of any man, however clever.” Good went on to suggest that “the first ultra - intelligent machine” could be “the last invention that man need ever make”.
Fears about the appearance of bad, powerful, man - made intelligent machines have been reinforced by many works of fiction—Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and the Terminator film series, for example. But if AI does eventually prove to be our downfall, it is unlikely to be at the hands of human - shaped forms like these, with recognisably human motivations such as aggression. Instead, I agree with Oxford University philosopher Nick Bostrom, who believes that the heaviest risks from AGI do not come from a decision to turn against mankind but rather from a dogged pursuit of set objectives at the expense of everything else.
The promise and danger of true AGI are great. But all of today’s exciting discussion about these possibilities presupposes the fact that we will be able to build these systems. And, having spoken to many of the world’s foremost AI researchers, I believe there is good reason to doubt that we will see AGI any time soon, if ever.
1. 〔语言能力〕What does the underlined word “ubiquitous” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. Enormous in quantity.
B. Changeable daily.
C. Stable in quality.
D. Present everywhere.
(D)
2. 〔语言能力〕What could AGI do for us, according to its supporters?
A. Help to tackle problems.
B. Make brains more active.
C. Benefit ambitious people.
D. Set up powerful databases.
(A)
3. 〔思维品质〕As for Irving Good’s opinion on ultra - intelligent machines, the author is ______.
A. supportive
B. disapproving
C. fearful
D. uncertain
(B)
4. 〔思维品质〕What can be inferred about AGI from the passage?
A. It may be only a dream.
B. It will come into being soon.
C. It will be controlled by humans.
D. It may be more dangerous than ever.
(A)

答案： 1.D 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句后面的“For example，algorithms carry out huge volumes of trading on our financial markets，self-driving cars are appearing on city streets，and our smartphones are translating from one language into another.”可知，人工智能在我们生活中用处十分广泛。由此推知，画线词所在句意为“某些形式的人工智能确实正在变得无处不在”，即画线词与 D 选项“Present everywhere.”（在任何地方存在。）意思接近。故选 D。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“AGI could，its advocates say，work for us around the clock，and drawing on all available data，could suggest solutions to many problems.”可知，AGI 的倡导者认为，AGI 可以提出许多问题的解决方案，帮助我们解决问题。故选 A。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Since the early days of AI，imagination has outpaced what is possible or even probable. In 1965，an imaginative mathematician called Irving Good predicted the eventual creation of an‘ultra-intelligent machine... that can far surpass all the intellectual activities of any man，however clever.’”可知，作者认为 Irving Good 对“超智能机器”的想象力超出了实现的可能，作者并不赞成他的观点。故选 B。
4.A 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“And，having spoken to many of the world's foremost AI researchers，believe there is good reason to doubt that we will see AG any time soon，if ever.”可知，通用人工智能或许只是一个梦想。故选 A。