《2025年实验班提优训练九年级英语上册译林版》

阅读理解
Many of us have seen rainbows in the sky once the sun starts shining again after it rains. For us to see a rainbow, the conditions need to be just right. We need some water drops in the air, like rain or even fog, and we need the sun to be behind us and quite low to the ground. This is because a rainbow is created by light passing through water drops.
The light that comes from the sun seems white to us. But the white light we see is made up of a mix of different colours. When the light goes through a raindrop, these colours can separate out. Each of the colours in the rainbow has a different “wavelength(波长)”. Raindrops look like little balls. When light hits one of these little balls of water, the light can change direction. We call this “refraction(折射)”. Each of the different wavelengths is refracted differently. If the light hits the raindrop at the right place, the refraction separates the wavelengths out into their different colours.
We are taught there are seven colours: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet. But this isn’t exactly true. Blue and green are next to each other in the rainbow, which is why we can see turquoise(a mix of blue and green). Brown is a mix of red and green. But they aren’t next to each other in the rainbow, so we don’t see them mix to make brown.
We would never see black and white in a rainbow. Black is what we see when there’s no light at all. On the other hand, white is a mix of all the colours together. When light is refracted by raindrops, it separates the white light out, meaning it is no longer white.
1. We can see a rainbow under the right conditions because ______.
A. the raindrops are like little balls
B. the light goes through raindrops
C. the sunshine seems to be colourful
D. the weather is foggy after it rains
2. According to the passage, what can we know about the colours in the rainbow?
A. They can become brown or black.
B. There are only seven colours in all.
C. They mix to make the white light.
D. Their own places can be changed.
3. 中考新考法 推断文章出处 Which part of a magazine may this passage be taken from?
A. Science.
B. Health.
C. Culture.
D. Fashion.
4. 中考新考法 标题归纳 What’s the best title for the passage?
A. How are the colours received in the rainbow?
B. When can the colours turn blue in the rainbow?
C. Which colours aren’t covered with light in the rainbow?
D. Why can’t we find white, black and brown in the rainbow?
任务2 实验班原创 判断正(T)误(F)
1. A rainbow is created by light passing through water drops.
2. There are seven colours: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet in a rainbow.

答案： 任务1:[文章大意]本文主要介绍了彩虹形成的原理,并对彩虹颜色的相关知识进行了科普。
1.B [解析]细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This is because a rainbow is created by light passing through water drops.”可知,因为光线穿过了雨滴,在合适的条件下,我们可以看到彩虹。故选B。
2.C [解析]细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“When light is refracted by raindrops, it separates the white light out, meaning it is no longer white.”(当光线被雨滴折射时,它将白光分离出去,这意味着它不再是白色的。)可知,彩虹的颜色混合在一起发出白光。故选C。
3.A [解析]推理判断题。本文主要介绍了彩虹的形成并对彩虹颜色的知识进行了科普,所以文章可能来自杂志的科学部分。故选A。
4.D [解析]标题归纳题。根据“We are taught there are seven colours: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet. But this isn't exactly true... But they aren't next to each other in the rainbow, so we don't see them mix to make brown.”和“We would never see black and white in a rainbow.”可知,我们在彩虹中看不见白色、黑色和棕色,所以D选项符合语境。故选D。
任务2:1.T 2.F