《2025年考点测试卷高中英语》

第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Whether you're a local park enthusiast or a first time park visitor, there's something in the tour for you. Join us and plan your trip to Muir Woods National Monument.
Where is it?
Only a few miles north of San Francisco, in an isolated canyon, grows Muir Woods and lies the park Muir Woods National Monument, which is reached by U.S. 101 and California Hwy 1. Roads to the park are steep and winding.
When to come?
Managed by the National Park Service and open year-round from 8:00 a.m. to sunset, the monument is busiest during the weekends and the middle of the day. For the most solitude, we recommend visiting during weekdays, morning hours and late afternoons.
Reservations
Reservations are now required for all personal vehicles and shuttle(往返巴士) riders visiting.
Reservations for parking (commercial and motor vehicles) and seats on the Muir Woods shuttle are now required seven days a week, year-round. Parking and shuttle reservations can be made online at GoMuirWoods.com or by phone at 1-800-410-2419.
Shuttle Fare
The Muir Woods Shuttle brings visitors from off-site locations to the park and back. It runs during the spring and summer and adult fare is $5(free for youth aged 15 and under). See the full schedule for start/end dates and exact times.Parking Information and Entry FeeAll commercial and motor vehicles require a parking reservation. Reservations will not be sold on site in parking areas. For parking information, write or call Muir Woods National Monument, Mill Valley, CA 94941(415) 388-2595.Entry Fee is required—$3 per adult (17 and older). Free for children aged 16 and under.
21. What is the best time to visit the park?
A. 7 a.m. on Sundays.
B. 12 a.m. on Thursdays.
C. 5 p.m. on Wednesdays.
D. 11 a.m. on Saturdays.
22. How much is the total shuttle fare and entry fee for a couple with their 16-year-old teenager?
A. $15.B. $21.
C. $12.D. $18.
23. What is TRUE about Muir Woods National Monument?
A. Shuttles run throughout the year.
B. The park is only accessible by bus.
C. Parking service can be gained on site without reservation.
D. The park is budget-friendly to teenagers aged 15 and under.

答案： 21.C　细节理解题
[解析]根据第三段最后一句“For the most solitude; we recommend visiting during weekdays, morning hours and late afternoons.”可知,最佳游玩时间为工作日的上午或傍晚。故选C。
22.B　数字计算题
[解析]根据第六段第二句“It runs during the spring and summer and adult fare is $5(free for youth aged 15 and under).”及最后一段“Entry Fee is required—$3 per adult(17 and older). Free for children aged 16 and under.”可知，一对夫妻带着16岁的孩子参观需花费的总费用为5×3+3×2=21美元。故选B。
23.D　细节理解题
[解析]根据第六段第二句和最后一段可知，公园对15岁及以下的青少年免费开放，即参观公园对他们来说是经济实惠的。故选D。

B
Urban agriculture, the practice of farming within the restrictions of a city, is becoming increasingly popular and is viewed as a sustainable alternative to big industrial farms. By some estimates, between 20% and 30% of the global urban population engages in some form of urban agriculture. But until recently, its carbon footprint remains understudied.
Using data from 73 low-tech city farms, community gardens and personal plots of land, Newell and his team compared the average carbon emissions of food produced at low-tech urban agriculture sites to those of conventionally grown crops. The team found that because of urban gardens' relatively low yields, along with the energy used in constructing the planting beds, big-city spuds (马铃薯) were significantly more carbon-intensive than commercially grown ones. This held true even when the researchers factored in emissions from transporting commercially grown produce to often distant grocery stores.
That doesn't mean that growing vegetables in big cities is totally bad, however. “Urban farming is great,” if imperfect, says Carola Grebitus, a food choice expert. It can be a powerful tool for job creation and education, she says, and a good way to introduce fresh produce to urban “food deserts” where healthy fruits and vegetables are hard to come by. Community gardens can also provide a place to connect with nature, and the added green space can reduce the risks of heat and flooding.
Conscious of these benefits, Newell's team highlighted several ways to make urban agriculture more sustainable. One option is to be selective about what crops are grown. For instance, tomatoes grown in the soil of open-air urban plots had a lower carbon intensity than tomatoes grown in conventional greenhouses. Another strategy is to rely on existing constructions. Include old structures into a new garden's design instead of taking down old buildings. Finally, take the local climate, water quality and soil into account. Growing plants that are ill-suited to an area requires more water, energy and pesticides(杀虫剂), all of which affect the environment.
24. What can we know about urban agriculture from Paragraph 1?
A. It is thoroughly researched.
B. It is welcomed by city people.
C. It is environmentally friendly.
D. It is limited to industrial farms.
25. How does the author explain the reason for urban agriculture's higher carbon intensity?
A. By making a comparison.
B. By telling a story.
C. By giving a definition.
D. By using a quote.
26. According to Carola, what is a benefit of urban agriculture?
A. It adds variety to urban people's diet.
B. It provides recreational opportunities.
C. It strengthens the bonds of community.
D. It helps to contain drought and flooding.
27. What is recommended to make urban agriculture more sustainable?
A. Reconstructing gardens.
B. Developing greenhouse crops.
C. Selecting pesticide-free vegetables.
D. Growing plants suited to local conditions.

答案： 24.B　细节理解题
[定位句]Urban agriculture, the practice of farming within the restrictions of a city, is becoming increasingly popular and is viewed as a sustainable alternative to big industrial farms. (第一段第一句)
译文:城市农业是指在城市限制条件下进行的农业活动，它正变得越来越受欢迎，并被视为大型工业化农场的一种可持续替代方案。
[解析]该题问的是从第一段中我们可以了解到有关城市农业的哪些信息。根据第一段内容尤其是定位句可知，城市农业深受城市居民的欢迎。故选B。
25.A　写作手法题
[定位句]Using data from 73 low-tech city farms, community gardens and personal plots of land, Newell and his team compared the average carbon emissions of food produced at low-tech urban agriculture sites to those of conventionally grown crops. (第二段第一句)
译文:Newell及其团队利用来自73个低技术含量的城市农场、社区菜园和个人地块的数据,比较了低技术含量城市农业场所生产食物的平均碳排放量与传统种植作物的碳排放情况。
[解析]该题问的是作者如何解释城市农业碳强度较高的原因。根据第二段内容尤其是定位句可推知,作者通过作比较来解释城市农业碳强度较高的原因。故选A。
26.A　推理判断题
[定位句]“Urban farming is great,” if imperfect, says Carola Grebitus, a food choice expert. It can be a powerful tool for job creation and education, she says, and a good way to introduce fresh produce to urban “food deserts” where healthy fruits and vegetables are hard to come by. (第三段第二、三句)
译文:食品选择专家Carola Grebitus说:“城市农业很棒”，虽然并不完美。她认为，它(城市农业)可以成为创造就业和开展教育的有力工具，也是向难以获取健康水果和蔬菜的城市“食品荒漠”引入新鲜农产品的好方法。
[解析]该题问的是根据Carola的说法，城市农业的好处之一是什么。根据定位句可推知，城市农业的好处之一是增加了城市居民饮食的多样性。故选A。

27.D　细节理解题

[定位句]Finally, take the local climate, water quality and soil into account. Growing plants that are ill-suited to an area requires more water, energy and pesticides(杀虫剂), all of which affect the environment. (第四段最后两句)

译文:最后，要考虑当地的气候、水质和土壤条件。种植不适宜当地生长环境的植物需要更多的水、能源和杀虫剂，所有这些都会对环境造成影响。

[解析]该题问的是建议采取哪些措施以使城市农业更加可持续发展。根据定位句可知，作者建议种植适宜当地环境条件的植物。故选D。

C
“Tie an Italian's hands behind his back,” runs an old joke, “and he'll be speechless.” This rests on a national stereotype: Italians are talkative and emotional, and all that arm-waggling supposedly goes to prove it.
Susan Goldin-Meadow of the University of Chicago has a rather different view. Emotions come out in lots of ways: facial expressions, posture, tone of voice and so on. But people are doing something different when they use gestures with speech, which she sums up in the title of her new book, Thinking with Your Hands. It is a masterly tour through a lifetime's research.
Virtually everyone gestures, not just Italians. Experimental subjects, told after a research session that they were being watched for gestures, apologize for not having made any—but were doing so the entire time. People born blind gesture when they speak, including to each other. A woman born without arms but with “phantom limb syndrome(幻肢综合征)” describes how she uses her phantom arms when she talks—but not when she walks. All this suggests that cognition is, to some extent, “embodied”; thinking is not all done in your head.
In fact, gestures that accompany speech are a second channel of information. Subjects watch a film in which a cat runs but are told to lie and say it jumped. They do so in words—while their hands make a running motion. People who say they believe in sexual equality but gesture with their hands lower when talking about women are not indicating women's height; they can be shown to have biases of which they may be unaware.
In The Crown, a historical drama series, Lady Diana is warned that her hands may betray her real emotions, which could be dangerous; they are tied together so she can learn to speak without gesticulating. No one who reads Susan's book could ever again think that gesturing shows only a lack of control. It is about thinking and communication, and is a sophisticated aid to both.
28. Why does the author mention the old joke in Paragraph 1?
A. To present an argument.
B. To describe a scene.
C. To lead in the topic.
D. To clarify a doubt.
29. Which statement will Susan Goldin-Meadow probably agree with?
A. The disabled seldom use gestures.
B. Gestures literally embody cognition.
C. Thinking only occurs inside the brain.
D. Gestures are improper in communication.
30. What does the author try to prove in the last two paragraphs?
A. Gestures may express what the speaker really thinks.
B. People are unaware of the meanings of their gestures.
C. Gesturing during speech shows only a lack of control.
D. Speakers can lie more easily with the help of gestures.
31. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. Speech: A Direct Channel of Information
B. Gestures: A Vital Form of Communication
C. Italian's Body Language: A National Stereotype
D. Thinking with Your Hands: A Lifetime's Research

答案： 28.C　写作意图题
[解析]该题问的是作者在第一段提到那个老笑话的目的是什么。根据第二段第三句“But people are doing something different when they use gestures with speech, which she sums up in the title of her new book, Thinking with Your Hands.”可知，但当人们在讲话的时候配合使用手势时，他们所做的事是不同的，这一点她在自己的新书Thinking with Your Hands的标题中进行了总结概括。由此可推知，作者在第一段提到老笑话是为了引出本文的主题，即手势在交流中的重要性。故选C。
29.B　推理判断题
[定位句]Susan Goldin-Meadow of the University of Chicago has a rather different view. Emotions come out in lots of ways: facial expressions, posture, tone of voice and so on. But people are doing something different when they use gestures with speech, which she sums up in the title of her new book, Thinking with Your Hands. (第二段第一至三句)
译文:芝加哥大学的Susan Goldin-Meadow持截然不同的观点。情感以多种方式表现出来:面部表情、姿势、语调等等。但当人们在讲话时配合使用手势时，他们所做的事是不同的，这一点她在自己的新书Thinking with Your Hands的标题中进行了总结概括。
[解析]该题问的是Susan Goldin-Meadow可能会同意哪种说法。根据定位句并结合第三段可知，Susan Goldin-Meadow认为人们在讲话的时候所做的事情不同，配合使用的手势也不同，并强调手势是思考和交流的一部分。由此可推知,Susan Goldin-Meadow可能会同意“手势真正地体现了认知”这一说法。故选B。
30.A　推理判断题
[定位句]①In fact, gestures that accompany speech are a second channel of information. Subjects watch a film in which a cat runs but are told to lie and say it jumped. They do so in words while their hands make a running motion. (第四段第一至三句)
译文:实际上,伴随语言的手势是(传递)信息的第二种渠道。实验对象观看一段猫奔跑的电影，但他们被要求撒谎，描述猫跳了起来。虽然他们用语言这样表述了，但他们的手部动作却做出猫正在奔跑的样子。
②No one who reads Susan's book could ever again think that gesturing shows only a lack of control. It is about thinking and communication, and is a sophisticated aid to both. (第五段最后两句)
译文:没有一个读过Susan这本书的人会再认为手势仅表明缺乏控制力。手势关乎思考与沟通,是一种提升这两者的先进的辅助工具。
[解析]该题问的是作者在最后两段试图证明什么。根据定位句可推知，作者在最后两段通过举例来说明手势可能表达说话者的真实想法。故选A。
31.B　标题概括题
[解析]通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了手势作为一种重要的交流形式，在语言和思考中所扮演的角色。从文章开头提到的意大利人的老笑话，到Susan Goldin-Meadow 的观点，再到各种实验和实例的引用，均旨在强调手势在交流中不可或缺的地位。由此可推知，B项“手势:一种重要的交流形式”符合文章主旨，是本文的最佳标题。故选B。

D
German physicist Albert Einstein is one of the most famous scientists of all time, the personification of genius and the subject of a whole industry of scholarship. In The Einsteinian Revolution, two experts on Einstein's life and his theory of relativity—Israeli physicist Hanoch Gutfreund and German historian of science Jürgen Renn—offer an original and penetrating (犀利的) analysis of Einstein's revolutionary contributions to physics and our view of the physical world.
For the first time ever, by setting Einstein's work in the long course of the evolution of scientific knowledge, Gutfreund and Renn discover the popular misconception of Einstein as an unconventional scientific genius who single-handedly created modern physics—and by pure thought alone.
As a large part of the book explains, Einstein typically argued that science progresses through steady evolution, not through revolutionary breaks with the past. He saw his theory of relativity not as something from scratch, but a natural extension of the classical physics developed by pioneers such as Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei and English physicist Isaac Newton in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, as well as nineteenth-century physicists.
The authors highlight how classical physics cannot be separated cleanly from modern Einsteinian physics. The book also includes substantial sections on Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus and Galileo whose methods inspired Einstein. When Einstein considered himself as standing on their shoulders, he meant that, without their contributions, he would not have formulated(阐述) the theory of relativity.
The Einsteinian Revolution is an important and thought-provoking contribution to the scholarly literature on Einstein and his surprising scientific creativity between 1905 and 1925. Gutfreund and Renn might not have given the final answer as to why Einstein, of all people, revolutionized physics in the way that he did. But they argue in fascinating detail that, to understand his genius, one must take into account not just the earlier history of physics but also the history of knowledge more broadly. Although not always an easy read, the book will interest physicists and historians alike.
32. What's the attitude of Gutfreund and Renn to the popular viewpoint on Einstein?
A. Opposing.
B. Favorable.
C. Ambiguous.
D. Indifferent.
33. What does the underlined phrase “from scratch” probably mean?
A. From nothing.
B. Up to a certain standard.
C. By learning from others.
D. With previous knowledge.
34. What does the author mean to say by mentioning the famous physicists?
A. Their ideas were rejected by Einstein.
B. Their devotion to physics impressed Einstein.
C. Their researches contributed to Einstein's success.
D. Their hard work deserved the worldwide respect.
35. Where is the text most probably taken from?
A. A guidebook to a course.
B. An introduction to a book.
C. An essay on Albert Einstein.
D. A review of physics development.

答案： 32.A　推理判断题
[定位句]For the first time ever, by setting Einstein's work in the long course of the evolution of scientific knowledge, Gutfreund and Renn discover the popular misconception of Einstein as an unconventional scientific genius who single-handedly created modern physics—and by pure thought alone. (第二段)
译文:史无前例地，通过将爱因斯坦的工作置于科学知识的长期发展过程中，Gutfreund和Renn发现了公众对爱因斯坦的普遍误解，即认为他是一个不遵循传统的科学天才，仅凭纯粹的思想就单枪匹马地创造出了现代物理学。
[解析]该题问的是Gutfreund和Renn对于公众对爱因斯坦的普遍观点持什么态度。根据定位句可推知，他们对这种普遍观点持反对态度。故选A。
33.A　词义猜测题
[定位句]As a large part of the book explains, Einstein typically argued that science progresses through steady evolution, not through revolutionary breaks with the past. (第三段第一句)
译文:正如书中大部分内容所阐述的那样，爱因斯坦通常主张科学是通过稳步发展而非与过去彻底决裂来取得进步的。
[解析]A项意为“从无开始”；B项意为“达到一定的标准”；C项意为“通过向他人学习”；D项意为“凭借先前的知识”。根据定位句及画线短语所在句中的“but a natural extension of the classical physics developed by pioneers such as Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei and English physicist Isaac Newton in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, as well as nineteenth-century physicists”可知，画线短语所在句表示爱因斯坦认为他的相对论并不是从无到有的东西，而是将其视为由诸如16、17世纪意大利天文学家伽利略·伽利莱和英国物理学家艾萨克·牛顿以及19世纪物理学家们等先驱发展出的经典物理学的自然延伸。因此，画线短语应意为“从零开始”，与A项意思相近。故选A。
34.C　推理判断题
[定位句]The book also includes substantial sections on Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus and Galileo whose methods inspired Einstein. When Einstein considered himself as standing on their shoulders, he meant that, without their contributions, he would not have formulated(阐述) the theory of relativity. (第四段最后两句)
译文:书中还包含了波兰天文学家尼古拉斯·哥白尼和伽利略的大量章节，他们的方法启发了爱因斯坦。当爱因斯坦认为自己站在他们的肩膀上时，他的意思是，如果没有他们的贡献，他就不会提出相对论。
[解析]该题问的是作者提到这些著名的物理学家是想表达什么。根据定位句可推知，作者提到这些著名的物理学家是为了强调他们的研究为爱因斯坦的成功做出了贡献。故选C。
35.B　文章出处题
[定位句]①In The Einsteinian Revolution, two experts on Einstein's life and his theory of relativity—Israeli physicist Hanoch Gutfreund and German historian of science Jürgen Renn... (第一段第二句)
译文:在《爱因斯坦革命》一书中,研究爱因斯坦生平及其相对论的两位专家——以色列物理学家Hanoch Gutfreund和德国科学史学家Jürgen Renn……
②As a large part of the book explains, Einstein typically argued that science progresses through steady evolution, not through revolutionary breaks with the past. (第三段第一句)
译文:正如书中大部分内容所阐述的那样，爱因斯坦通常主张科学是通过稳步发展而非与过去彻底决裂来取得进步的。
[解析]该题问的是这篇文章最有可能摘自哪里。根据定位句可推知，文章最有可能摘自这本书的引言。故选B。