《2025年一遍过高中英语选择性必修第一册北师大版》

一、阅读理解
[主题语境：人与社会][语篇类型：说明文][难度：中][建议用时：7 分钟]
For lots of kids, toddlerhood (幼儿期) is an important time for friendship. Studies show that the earlier kids learn to form positive relationships, the better they are at relating to others as teenagers and adults. Playing together also helps these kids practice social behaviours, such as kindness, sharing, and cooperation.
Even so, how quickly your child develops into a social creature may also depend on his temperament (性格). Some toddlers are very social, but others are shy. In addition, the way that toddlers demonstrate that they like other children is markedly different from what adults think of as expressions of friendship. Research at Ohio State University in Columbus found that a toddler's way of saying "I like you" during play is likely to come in the form of copying a friend's behaviour.
This seemingly unusual way of demonstrating fondness can result in unpleasant behaviour. Regardless of how much they like a playmate, they may still grab his toys, refuse to share, and get bossy. But experts say that this is a normal and necessary part of friendship for kids this age. Through play experiences, toddlers learn social rules. That's why it's so important to take an active role in your toddler's social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are. When you establish these guidelines, explain the reasons behind them.
Begin by helping your child learn sympathy ("Ben is crying. What's making him so sad?"), then suggest how he could resolve the problem ("Maybe he would feel better if you let him play the ball."). When your child shares or shows empathy (同理心) toward a friend, praise him ("Ben stopped crying! You made him feel better.").
Another way to encourage healthy social interaction is by encouraging kids to use words — not fists — to express how they feel. It's also important to be mindful of how your child's personality affects playtime. Kids are easy to get angry when they're sleepy or hungry, so schedule playtime when they're refreshed.
1. What does it indicate when toddlers copy their playmates' behaviour?
A. They are interested in acting.
B. They are shy with the strangers.
C. They are fond of their playmates.
D. They are tired of playing games.
2. What does the author suggest parents do for their kids?
A. Design games for them.
B. Find them suitable playmates.
C. Play together with them.
D. Help them understand social rules.
3. What is the function of the quoted statements in paragraph 4?
A. Giving examples.
B. Explaining concepts.
C. Providing evidence.
D. Making comparisons.
4. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. How Children Adapt to Changes
B. How to Be a Role Model for Children
C. How Your Baby Learns to Love
D. How to Communicate with Your Kid

答案： 【解题导语】 文章介绍了幼儿时期的友谊对儿童社交能力发展的重要性，并探讨了幼儿表达友谊的方式和可能出现的问题。同时，文章还给家长们提供了一些建议和方法来帮助他们在幼儿社交互动中发挥积极作用。
语篇精读
【核心词汇】 demonstrate v. 表达，表露，表现，显露 reminder n. 起提醒作用的事物 be mindful of 记着；想着；考虑到 schedule v. 安排，为……安排时间，预定
【长难句解读】 In addition, the way that toddlers demonstrate (that they like other children) is markedly different from what adults think of as expressions of friendship. (Para. 2)
译文：此外，蹒跚学步的孩子表现出喜欢其他孩子的方式与成年人认为的表达友谊的方式明显不同。
1. C 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"a toddler's way of saying‘I like you’during play is likely to come in the form of copying a friend's behaviour"可知，蹒跚学步的孩子模仿朋友的行为说明他们喜欢这个朋友。故选 C 项。
2. D 考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Through play experiences. . . explain the reasons behind them"可知，作者建议家长在孩子的社交生活中设定限制，并且经常提醒孩子们这些限制，也就是社交规则，即家长应帮助孩子理解社交规则。故选 D 项。
3. A 考查推理判断。第四段中每一个括号中的引用都在举例解释说明其前面的内容。第一个引用解释说明什么是"同情心"，第二个引用解释说明如何解决问题，第三个引用则是对如何表扬孩子进行举例说明。故选 A 项。
4. C 考查标题判断。根据第一段的内容可知，对很多孩子来说，幼儿期是建立友谊的重要时刻。孩子们越早学会建立积极的关系，他们在青少年和成人时期就越善于理解他人。接下来文章探讨了幼儿表达友谊的方式以及可能出现的问题，同时给出建议来帮助家长们在幼儿互动中发挥积极作用。故可知，本文主要讲的是家长如何帮助孩子学会爱，学会发展友谊。