《2025年综合应用创新题典中点八年级英语下册人教版安徽专版》

外刊阅读——学会地道英语
鲨鱼湾的生态系统堪忧
There is a place named Shark Bay (鲨鱼湾) in Western Australia. At least 28 kinds of sharks are swimming through the clear water there—the largest in the world. Especially tiger sharks are common visitors to Shark Bay. They move their 15-foot-long (about 4.5 meters) bodies through the seagrass, sometimes catching huge sea cows for a meal. Although tiger sharks are dangerous to them, they are important to the health of the ocean ecosystem. In fact, they can also be our powerful friends in stopping climate change.
It all comes back to the seagrass that moves with the waves in Shark Bay. The seagrass is food for the sea cows. Each eats about 40 kilograms of seagrass a day. By controlling the sea cow populations, tiger sharks in Shark Bay help the seagrass beds grow. A good seagrass bed stores twice as much CO₂ per square mile as forests do on land.
But in the world, the tiger shark populations are becoming smaller, including some populations in Australia. Off Australia's northeast coast of Queensland, it is said that tiger sharks have fallen by at least 71%, largely because of overfishing and bycatch. A reduction in tiger sharks means more seagrass eaten and less carbon kept in the ocean.
In Shark Bay, the tiger sharks are able to achieve the balance by keeping sea cow populations down, and not all the bay's seagrass is lost. But here comes the question: What if sharks disappeared from the bay? The need to understand how they support their ecosystems becomes even more urgent.
Word Bank
1. seagrass /'si:gra:s/ n. 海草 2. ecosystem /'i:kəʊsɪstəm/ n. 生态系统 3. bycatch /'baɪkætʃ/ n. 误捕
4. urgent /'ɜ:dʒənt/ adj. 紧迫的
一、好词句深练
（一）根据语境用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Especially (especially) in summer, we enjoy eating ice cream to stay cool.
2. The new laptop has a powerful (power) processor that runs games smoothly.
3. If we don't save water, fresh water may disappear (appear) from the earth.
（二）用方框中词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分（有一个词多余）
give fall achieve
1. The price of apples dropped by 20% after the harvest. fell
2. We need to exercise and eat well to get the balance in life. achieve
（三）根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1. Birds and squirrels are common visitors (常客) to our backyard garden.
2. Planting more trees can help fight climate change (气候变化) around the world.
（四）仿写句子
What if sharks disappeared from the bay? (固定句式 What if...?)
仿写：要是我们错过最后一班回家的公共汽车怎么办？
What if we miss the last bus home?
二、根据短文内容，选择正确答案
（ A）1. Which of the following statements is true according to Paragraph 1?
A. Tiger sharks eat sea cows.
B. The tiger shark is the largest of its kind.
C. A seagrass bed is about 4.5 meters long.
D. Tiger sharks are harmful to the ocean ecosystem.
（ C）2. What does the underlined word "they" refer to?
A. Visitors. B. Sea cows. C. Tiger sharks. D. Seagrass beds.
（ D）3. How much seagrass can two sea cows eat a day?
A. About 20 kg. B. About 40 kg. C. About 60 kg. D. About 80 kg.
（ C）4. What's the situation of tiger sharks?
A. They are overfishing sea cows. B. They are moving out of Australia.
C. Their populations are becoming smaller. D. They have disappeared.
（ D）5. What is the writer's purpose of writing this passage?
A. To give some information about seagrass.
B. To give some information about Australia.
C. To tell us there will be more sea cows in the future.
D. To call on humans to take action to protect tiger sharks.

答案： 一、(—) 1. Especially 2. powerful 3. disappear
(二) 1. fell 2. achieve
(三) 1. common visitors 2. climate change
(四) What if we miss the last bus home?
二、答案速查 1—5 ACDCD
【主旨大意】本文主要介绍了在澳大利亚西端的鲨鱼湾中，虎鲨是我们阻止气候变化的有力盟友，因此了解虎鲨是如何支持生态系统的需求变得更加迫切了。
1. A【点拨】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“They move their... sometimes catching huge sea cows for a meal.”可知，虎鲨有时会捕捉巨大的海牛作为一顿大餐。故选A。
2. C【点拨】代词指代题。根据第一段中的“Although tiger sharks are dangerous to them, they are important to the health of the ocean ecosystem.”可知，虎鲨对海洋生态系统的健康很重要，故画线单词指的是“虎鲨”。故选C。
3. D【点拨】数字计算题。根据第二段中的“The seagrass is food for the sea cows. Each eats about 40 kilograms of seagrass a day.”可知，每只海牛每天要吃大约40千克的海草，故两只海牛一天大约要吃80千克的海草。故选D。
4. C【点拨】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But in the world, the tiger shark populations are becoming smaller”可知，在全球范围内，虎鲨的数量正在减少。故选C。
5. D【点拨】主旨大意题。通读最后一段可知，虎鲨能够通过减少海牛的数量来达到海洋生态系统的平衡，因此了解虎鲨是如何支持生态系统的需求变得更加迫切了，以此呼吁人们不应该猎杀太多鲨鱼，因此人们应该采取行动保护虎鲨。故选D。