《2025年5年中考3年模拟英语北京专版》

Imagine you got a bad grade on a test. What kind of thoughts would be running through your head? When something difficult like this happens, a lot of us will be hard on ourselves. Now imagine it were your friend who got a bad grade—what would you say to him? Most people say that they would be much kinder to their friend and would say something supportive. They would show their friend compassion, which means they would feel what their friend was feeling and wish to help him. When people show the same level of compassion to themselves, they are practising self - compassion.
One way to think of self - compassion is by breaking it down into three parts. The first part is called mindfulness. Mindfulness just means being honest about how you are feeling without pretending(假装) that everything is okay, and without exaggerating the situation. For example, imagine you have plans to go to the beach on the weekend. When it is time to go, it starts to rain and you cannot go. A mindful response might be to say, “I am disappointed that I can’t go to the beach today”, rather than “I do not care. I did not even want to go to the beach”, or “This is the worst day ever!”
The second part of self - compassion is called common humanity. Failure, imperfection and disappointment are part of the shared human experience. Common humanity reminds us that we are not alone in how we are feeling, and it can make us feel more connected with others around us.
The third part of self - compassion is called kindness. It can help to think about what you might say to a good friend or what a good friend might say to you. You can also take actions to support your body and mind, like getting enough sleep or watching a funny movie.
Some people worry that if they are kind to themselves, they will not try to do challenging things. But being self - compassionate does not mean that you do not want to make changes. It just means that, while you are doing something difficult, you can support yourself rather than beat yourself up. Reminding yourself that we all find new tasks challenging, and that we all might fail sometimes, can help us be less discouraged and more motivated to improve ourselves.
Being self - compassionate can set the stage(舞台) for better health, relationships and general well - being. However, it is also important to remember that when you are kind to yourself, the bad feelings and difficult situations will not go away, and they will always be a part of life. The more you open your heart to this reality instead of continually fighting against it, the more you will be able to feel compassion for yourself.
1. People may need to be self - compassionate when ________.
A. helping a friend out of trouble
B. performing poorly on the stage
C. being over proud of successfulness
D. making great progress in their work
2. The word “exaggerating” in Paragraph 2 most probably means ________.
A. influencing B. examining C. overstating D. reconsidering
3. What do we know about self - compassion from the passage?
A. Accepting imperfection helps us practice common humanity.
B. Being kind to yourself makes difficult situations go away.
C. Mindfulness may cause us not to recognize our feelings.
D. Self - compassion means not challenging ourselves.
4. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage?
A. To encourage people to support their friends in need.
B. To remind people that self - compassion has two sides.
C. To stress the importance of the connection between people.
D. To suggest treating yourself like you’re your own best friend.
篇章结构助攻
Para.1 Compassion and self - compassion: When people show the same level of compassion to themselves, they are 1.________ self - compassion.
Para.2 - Para.4 Three parts of self - compassion:
Para.2 Mindfulness: It means being 2.________ about how you are feeling without pretending that everything is okay, and without exaggerating the situation.
Para.3 Common humanity: It reminds us that we are not 3.________ in how we are feeling, and it can make us feel more connected with others.
Para.4 Kindness: It can help us to 4.________ about what to say to comfort ourselves and to take actions to support our body and mind.
Para.5 Meaning of self - compassion: While you are doing something difficult, you can 5.________ yourself rather than beat yourself up.
Para.6 The key to practising self - compassion: The more you open your heart to bad feelings and difficult situations, the more you will be able to feel compassion for yourself.
长难句解惑
1. Mindfulness just means being honest about how you are feeling without pretending that everything is okay, and without exaggerating the situation.
(1)圈出连接并列分句的连词/从句引导词,在主语和谓语动词下画线,并用斜线划分并列分句/主从句。
(2)翻译:______________________________
2. Reminding yourself that we all find new tasks challenging, and that we all might fail sometimes, can help us be less discouraged and more motivated to improve ourselves.
(1)圈出连接并列分句的连词/从句引导词,在主语和谓语动词下画线,并用斜线划分并列分句/主从句。
(2)翻译:______________________________
一词多义
根据文章内容，选择下列词（文章中的粗体词）在文中的词义。
1. hard ______ A. (adj.) 坚硬的 B. (adj.) 困难的 C. (adj.) 苛刻的 D. (adv.) 努力地
2. mean ______ A. (v.) 意味着 B. (v.) 打算 C. (adj.) 小气的
3. common ______ A. (adj.) 常见的 B. (adj.) 共同的;共有的 C. (adj.) 普通的
词块积累
· run through one’s head 在某人脑海中闪现
· be hard on sb. 对某人苛刻
· say something supportive 说些支持性的话
· show their friend compassion 对他们的朋友表示同情
· break sth. down into 将某事物分为……
· be honest about sth. 对……坦诚
· pretend that everything is okay 假装一切都好
· common humanity 共同的人性
· shared human experience 人类共有的体验
· mindful response 正念的回应
· rather than 而不是
· more connected with others 与其他人有更多联系
· take actions 采取行动
· support your body and mind 支持你的身体和思想
· make changes 做出改变
· beat yourself up 自责
· be less discouraged 少些气馁
· be motivated to do sth. 有动力去做某事
· general well - being 总体幸福感
· open your heart to this reality 向现实敞开你的心扉
· instead of 而不是
· continually fight against sth. 不断与某事物作斗争

答案： 专项训练6 主旨大意 本文主要介绍了自我关怀的三个核心内容及践行方式。 1.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第1段内容可知，当人们面对困难情境时像对待朋友那样对自己加以安慰鼓励，就是自我关怀。B项“在舞台上表现差”就属于困难情境，需要自我关怀。故选B。 2.C 【解析】词义猜测题。根据第2段内容可知，正念意味着诚实地面对自己的感受，既不能假装一切都好，也不能夸大实际情况。面对下雨导致外出计划失败的情境，正念回应可能是“我很失望我今天去不了沙滩”而不是“我不在乎，我甚至不想去沙滩”或者“这是最差的一天”。本段最后一句的“This is the worst day ever!”就对应前文中的“exaggerating the situation”，是对糟糕情境的夸大，故可以推断出“exaggerating”表示“夸大”。故选C。 3.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第3段第2、3句可知，失败、不完美、失望都是人类共有的体验，共通的人性提醒我们在感受失败、不完美、失望的时候并不孤单，因此接受不完美可以帮助我们实践共通的人性，A项与原文意思相符，故选A。 4.D 【解析】写作目的题。文章首段提到当朋友成绩不好时，我们会关怀和鼓励他们，如果把这种关怀施加到自己身上，就是自我关怀；接着后面开展介绍自我关怀的内涵及践行方式。由此可知，作者试图告诉我们，在面对生活中的不愉快时，要像对待朋友那样对待我们自己，进行自我关怀。故选D。 ●篇章结构助攻 1.practising 2.honest 3.alone 4.think 5.support ●长难句解惑 1.
(1)Mindfulness just means being honest about / how you are feeling without pretending / that everything is okay /, and without exaggerating the situation.
(2)正念只是意味着诚实地面对自己的感受，不要假装一切都很好，也不要夸大情况。 2.
(1)Reminding yourself / that we all find new tasks challenging, and / that we all might fail sometimes, / can help us be less discouraged and more motivated to improve ourselves.
(2)提醒自己，我们都会发现新任务具有挑战性，并且我们都可能会失败，这可以帮助我们减少沮丧，更有动力去提高自己。 ●一词多义 1.C 2.A 3.B