《2025年5年中考3年模拟英语北京专版》

题型3 词义猜测题
①代词指向法
［2020北京D篇节选］Firstly, we should think about the health care experience as a whole. A usual visit to a doctor begins with a receptionist(接待员), who can see and tell how a patient is doing. This may influence the treatment effect. It’s unlikely that a patient website will have such intuition.
问：The word “intuition” in Paragraph 5 probably means ________.
A. an ability to understand
B. an interesting experience
C. a chance to win
D. a fair decision
解题步骤：
Step 1定位画线生词位置。
Step 2若上下文有与画线词相关的代词，如it、such、this、that、the one等，则找到代词指代内容来解释画线词。
Step 3找到与对应原文意思相符的选项。
画线词前面有such(这样的)，说明前文出现过画线词所表示的具体内容，即“能看见并判断病人的状况”，A选项“理解能力”与之意思相符。
②转折对比法
［2021北京D篇节选］The transmission of culture seems to be directly related to what’s in our blood. Just as snails carry their shell, so do we bring along our culture. However, culture is also passed on among people of the same times or among people belonging to different populations. We can learn how to make jiaozi even if we were born to Russian parents in Paris just as we can learn how to speak English even if none of our family or friends speaks that language.
问：The word “transmission” in Paragraph 4 probably means ________.
A. system
B. spread
C. start
D. spirit
解题步骤：
Step 1定位画线生词位置。
Step 2若上下文有表示对比、转折的词，如however、but、yet、while（然而）、rather than（而不是）、instead of、in fact等，则通过这些词找到与画线词对应的内容，推测画线词词义。
Step 3找到与对应原文意思相符的选项。
However后面说的是“文化传承的另一种方式”，可以推测前面说的也是“文化传播的方式”，画线词对应passed on，意为“传递”，B选项“流传”与之意思相符。
③因果关系法
［2022北京C篇节选］Look into what the company tells us about their product. It’s easy to say that a product is “green” or “all natural”, but the words may be too good to be true. So, much of the information about a product should be taken with a grain of salt. After all, companies try to make us believe that their products are environmentally responsible.
问：The words “be taken with a grain of salt” in Paragraph 5 probably mean “________”.
A. be easily understood
B. not be completely believed
C. be widely spread
D. not be quickly forgotten
解题步骤：
Step 1定位画线生词位置。
Step 2若上下文中有表示因果关系的词，如since、as、because、for、so、thus、as a result、for this reason、so that、so...that等，则找出画线生词对应的原因/结果。
Step 3找到与对应原因/结果意思相近的选项。
画线生词对应的原因是前一句，该句指出“对这些产品的宣传可能好得令人难以置信”，由此可判断其结果是人们不应该完全相信产品信息，B选项正确。
④解释说明法
［2023丰台二模D篇节选］Space exploration has triggered advances in science and technology which have benefited humans and improved the quality of life on Earth. These benefits are related to space technology such as satellite communications, global positioning system (GPS) and weather forecasting. The development of satellite technology, for instance, makes telecommunications possible, connecting people from different parts of the world through satellite television, phones, radio and Internet access.
问：The words “triggered advances” in Paragraph 2 probably mean “________”.
A. led to great progress
B. slowed down the speed
C. set back future growth
D. caught up with the development
解题步骤：
Step 1定位画线生词位置。
Step 2若画线生词后有定语从句、同位语、that is to say或破折号、冒号、引号等标点符号引出的内容，则这些内容是对画线生词的解释说明。
Step 3找出符合原文对画线生词的解释说明的选项。
which引导的定语从句对画线的动宾短语所在的主句进行补充说明，意为“使人类受益并提高在地球上的生活质量”，A选项“带来巨大进步”与之同义。同时，这一整段都是在介绍宇宙探索带来的进步。
⑤举例说明法
［2024房山二模节选］It’s okay to help others, but being an echoist can sometimes lose your own interests. Echoists always try their best to prioritize others. For example, echoists might choose to make sure someone else is happy instead of caring about their own needs. Remember as long as it doesn’t harm the collective good, you are the most important person in your life, and it’s fair for your needs to come first sometimes.
问：The word “prioritize” in Paragraph 5 probably means ________.
A. look down upon
B. give first place to
C. catch up with
D. depend on
解题步骤：
Step 1定位画线生词位置。
Step 2判断画线生词前后是否有for example、like、such as、as this example suggests或者破折号后举的例子。
Step 3找出与文中所举的例子相符合的选项。
上文例子指出“回声者可能会选择确保别人快乐，而不是关心自己的需求”，即把他人的需求放前面，因此B选项正确。

答案：

练习1［2024平谷一模D篇节选］
In a 2010 report, sociology researchers at the University of Texas reported similar findings. The Texas researchers also pointed out that social interaction can boost good health through a positive influence on people’s living habits. For example, if none of your friends smoke, you’ll be less likely to smoke.
问：The underlined word “boost” in Paragraph 5 probably means “________”.
A. reduce
B. improve
C. change
D. harm

答案： 练习1 B

练习2［2024门头沟一模D篇节选］
Interestingly, both “non-limited” and “limited” theorists feel just as tired immediately after exercising self-control. However, “non-limited” theorists don’t take their feelings as a sign that they have depleted a limited resource and need to rest. In fact, they believe that a day full of challenging tasks “activates” their self-control skills, which leaves them refreshed and more willing to make efforts the next day.
问：The word “depleted” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to ________.
A. created
B. saved
C. collected
D. emptied

答案： 练习2 D

练习3［2024丰台九上期末D篇节选］
The opposition of the growth mindset(思维形式) is the fixed mindset. People with this believe that intelligence and skill are innate; it’s something that we’re born with. We’re either born gifted or not; there is no room for change. Basically, they believe intelligence(智力) is fixed from birth.
问：The word “innate” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”.
A. changeable
B. natural
C. trainable
D. growing

答案：
练习3 B

练习4［2024大兴二模D篇节选］
Advertising also encourages an addictive behaviour that results in repetitive buying. To persuade buyers to repeat their purchase(购买), companies often use some attractive methods such as limited-time discounts, promotions and coupons.
问：The underlined word “addictive” in Paragraph 3 probably means “making people ________ something”.
A. interested in trying
B. unable to stop doing
C. worried about missing
D. happy to throw away

答案：
练习4 B

练习5［2023朝阳一模C篇节选］
One of the greatest things we can teach our children is to love learning. Learning science is a great way to do so. Children are intrigued by science because much of science is hands-on. It attracts most children. Nothing makes a child sit up and take notice like the “WOW!” of a great science showing.
问：The expression “are intrigued by” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”.
A. are interested in
B. are satisfied with
C. are good at
D. are busy with

答案：
练习5 A