《2025年5年中考3年模拟英语北京专版》

二 完形填空四
解题有法
[2023北京]Where was that cashier(收银员)? Impatient, I quickly looked at my watch. I hardly had enough time to eat a sandwich and rush back to work.
I looked around the nearly empty 1, but the cashier was nowhere in sight. A woman stood wiping(擦) the far end of the counter. She looked at me coldly with sad, dark eyes.
I 2, getting angry. I'd been standing there for at least three minutes!
Controlling my anger, I remembered Mom's words, “Whenever you find yourself in an unpleasant situation, just think about what is missing. If someone is unkind, then kindness is missing. If someone is hateful, then 3 is missing. If we will be what's missing, then we'll provide whatever the situation needs.”
And here I was in an unpleasant situation. How should I “be what's missing”? What was missing was 4. Maybe I should just jump behind the counter and take my own order.
Just then the woman walked slowly towards me. “May I help you?” she asked, still 5. She looked so tired. No doubt, she was overworked.
I took a deep breath. With Mom's words ringing in my head, I gave the woman my order...and smiled. “How are you today?”
My question seemed to 6 her. She eyed me for a second before answering. “Not too good.”
“I'm sorry,” I said. “I hope it gets better—starting right now.”
She almost smiled as she looked at me. “Thanks. I hope you're right.”
I thought to myself as I ate my sandwich. We're all the same, really. We have problems and angers, we get tired and we hurt. We need to be 7 to each other.
After eating, I wiped the table cleaner than usual, and put the tray(托盘) back nicely on the stand. The woman was watching me, a big smile on her face.
“Be what's missing.” It 8.
( ) 1.A. restaurant B. street C. school D. office
( ) 2.A. agreed B. finished C. waited D. left
( ) 3.A. trust B. love C. patience D. confidence
( ) 4.A. hope B. advice C. money D. service
( ) 5.A. nervously B. carefully C. coldly D. kindly
( ) 6.A. disappoint B. hurt C. trouble D. surprise
( ) 7.A. nicer B. closer C. cooler D. fairer
( ) 8.A. said B. worked C. read D. ended
1.线索推导法
①根据上下文推导
完形填空的解题线索往往在上下文中可以找到。如题目1、2、4、6、7。
②逻辑推理
有些题目需要根据上下文逻辑解题,包括并列关系(and, or)、转折关系(but, however, yet)、因果关系(because, for, so, as a result)、让步关系(although, though)、递进关系(besides, what's more, moreover, in addition to)、时间关系(when, before, after, finally) 等。如题3所在句与前一句句式相同,前一句中的unkind和kindness为反义关系,可以推导出题3所在空与hateful也为反义关系。
③原词复现
完形填空也会考查复现内容,如出现still/also/the same as before等词时,则说明前面一定出现过相似的内容。如题5。
2.梳理情感线索法
北京中考完形填空为情感线明显的记叙文,梳理感情线有利于对全文有整体把握;同时找到情感转折点,可以判断转折点前后体现的是正面情绪还是负面情绪,有助于解题。本题中的转折点在于“我想起妈妈提示的be what's missing”,可以判断前面体现作者的负面情绪,后面为正面情绪。
events: I was in a hurry and wanted to buy a (1)________ I waited for a long time but couldn't find the cashier. Controlling my anger, I remembered Mom's words. Then I thought about what's (3)________ I showed my care to the cashier. The cashier served me and gave me a big (4)________ before I left.
feelings: impatient → (2)________ → calm → patient → relieved(宽慰的)
3.一词多义理解法
完形填空有时考查的是选项的一词多义,需要从单词的多个词义入手,找到其符合上下文内容的词义。如题8选项B“worked”为正确选项,在此处体现的词义是______。
A. 做体力(或脑力)工作
B. 争取;力争
C. 奏效;产生预期的结果
D. 运转;运行
4.理解主旨,概括总结法
完形填空以记叙文为主,以某件事引出某个道理,因此结尾处一般为总结或升华。本文中题8为全文总结,全文讲述了作者使用“be what's missing”的策略解决问题的经历,因此可以总结为该策略“奏效”了。
tips 认真阅读文章开头和结尾,开头通常交代时间、地点、人物以及事件发生的背景,结尾通常为故事的升华,可能是一个道理、一种感受或领悟等,通过阅读开头、结尾可以知晓文章大致内容和中心思想,辅助理解从而进行解题。如本文开头提到“我”急着买东西,但找不到收银员,一名工作人员冷眼着“我”,而结尾提到“我”吃完饭,那个人笑着看“我”,能体现“事件由坏变好,问题得以解决”。
5.固定搭配法
完形填空有时考查固定搭配,需要通过识别常见词组并理解其含义来解题。如下题所示,通过作者的朋友Rita“was excited to jump up and down, clapping and shouting”的表现可知,作者成功了。结合选项,made it为固定搭配,意为“(历经艰难) 获得成功”,符合上下文。
[2024房山一模]I got up on the balance beam(平衡木), closing my eyes and imagining I was on the mat. Then I started the cartwheel(侧手翻). I ________ it! Seeing that, my friend Rita was excited to jump up and down, clapping and shouting, “You were so brave!”
A. hated
B. took
C. meant
D. made

答案： 1. A；2. C；3. B；4. D；5. C；6. D；7. A；8. B
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(1) sandwich；
(2) angry；
(3) missing；
(4) smile
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