《2025年5年中考3年模拟英语北京专版》

［2021北京D篇节选］Over the past century and a half, however, studies in the history of human development have shown that the formation of culture is part of the biological adaptation(适应). Consider, for example, hunting(打猎). It seems to be an adaptation, which allowed humans to move into new and different areas, opening up the opportunity to change living habits. At the same time, the development of weapons(武器) is related to that adaptation—from rocks and stones to a set of hunting tools, and from hunting tools to rules relating to the proper use of weapons. Hunting also seems to be responsible for a whole set of bodily abilities, such as balancing on one foot. Just think of how this very simple thing is closely related to dance, a key expression of human culture. It is then clear that biological development and cultural development are closely tied.
问：Why does the writer talk about hunting in Paragraph 3?
A. To suggest some possible ways of changing living habits.
B. To stress the importance of tools in humans’ struggle for life.
C. To show how culture develops as humans adapt to the environment.
D. To explain why there is a need to call for the proper use of weapons.
解题步骤：
Step 1 画出题干关键词，找到对应原文。
Step 2 深入分析对应原文的语境，通过上下文的逻辑关系来判断写作意图。
文中hunting为举例内容，其目的是证实上文所提到的“文化的形成是生物适应的一部分”这一观点。
Step 3 对比选项，选出与对应原文意思最贴近的选项。
C选项的culture develops和humans adapt to the environment分别是对原文中the formation of culture和biological adaptation的同义转述。A、B、D选项只是对原文部分细节进行复现，并不是该段的写作目的。

答案：

［2022北京D篇节选］A Pathway(路径) to Meaning in Life
When it comes to a meaningful life... Then, what makes a meaningful life?
Many researchers agree that a meaningful life comes down to three factors(因素): having long-term goals, believing that one’s life matters, and feeling that one’s life fits together and “makes sense”.
But we believe there is more to consider. Sometimes life enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open to appreciating(欣赏) such experiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We call this experiential appreciation (EA). ... It shows the discovery of and admiration for life’s beauty.
We recently set out to better understand EA in studies. We were interested in whether EA was also tied to general judgment of meaning in life. If so, it could be a factor for meaningfulness.
In the first study, we had people rate(评估) their support for different methods of reducing stress. ...
In the next study, we asked people to rate the degree to which they agreed with various statements... Our results showed that the more people reported that they were “appreciating life” and its many experiences, the more they felt their life was valuable.
In the following studies, we further looked at the connection between EA and meaningfulness. ...
All the results proved our theory(假设) true. But putting it into practice can be difficult. ... We should slow down and let life surprise us.
问：What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage?
A. To explain how to discover beauty in life.
B. To discuss what the true meaning of life is.
C. To introduce a new factor for a meaningful life.
D. To compare different factors for meaningfulness.
解题步骤：
要理解作者写一篇文章的目的，首先要弄清这篇文章的主旨大意，因为写作目的是围绕主旨大意的。
Step 1 通过主题句法/篇章结构法来分析篇章主旨大意。
Para. 1引出“什么构成有意义的生活”这一话题；
Para. 2许多研究者认为的构成有意义生活的3个因素；
Para. 3提出新观点——体验式欣赏(EA)；
Para. 4~Para. 7不同研究探索体验式欣赏是不是构成有意义生活的一个因素；
Para. 8得出结论并提出如何在实际生活中实践体验式欣赏。
全文主旨大意：体验式欣赏是构成有意义生活的一个新的因素。
Step 2 对比选项，找到涉及文章主旨大意的选项。
由本文主旨大意可知，C项的“介绍有意义的生活的一个新因素”就是本文的写作目的，故C项正确。

答案：